HarmonyOS Next 实况窗在自己的应用中怎么调用？

在HarmonyOS中，实况窗(Widget)允许应用程序展示小部件视图，并与用户进行简单的交互。要在自己的应用中调用实况窗，需要按照以下步骤进行：

1. 准备环境

确保你已经安装了DevEco Studio，并配置好了开发环境。

2. 创建实况窗工程

在你的应用项目中添加实况窗模块

打开DevEco Studio。

在项目根目录下新建一个名为“entry”的模块。

配置config.json

在config.json文件中添加实况窗的相关配置：

{"app": {// 应用信息},"deviceConfig": {// 设备配置},"module": {"type": "ability","name": "entry","label": "$string:app_name","description": "$string:app_description","icon": "$media:icon","abilities": [{"name": ".MainAbility","label": "$string:app_name","description": "$string:app_description","icon": "$media:icon","type": "page","tools": ["FA"],"uri": "pages/index","forms": [{"name": "MyWidget","description": "$string:widget_description","window": {"designWidth": 720,"autoDesignHeight": true}}]}],// 其他配置项...}
}

forms：定义实况窗的名称和描述等信息。

3. 创建实况窗布局

在entry/src/main/resources/base/layout目录下创建一个XML文件用于定义实况窗的布局，例如my_widget_layout.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<DirectionalLayoutxmlns:ohos="http://schemas.huawei.com/res/ohos"ohos:width="match_parent"ohos:height="match_parent"ohos:orientation="vertical"ohos:padding="16vp"><Textohos:id="$+id:text_title"ohos:width="match_parent"ohos:height="wrap_content"ohos:text="Hello, HarmonyOS!"ohos:text_size="24fp"ohos:text_color="#000000"/><!-- 其他UI组件 --></DirectionalLayout>

4. 实现实况窗的Ability

在entry/src/main/java/包名目录下创建一个新的Java类继承自FormAbility，例如：

package com.example.myapplication;import ohos.aafwk.ability.Ability;
import ohos.aafwk.content.Intent;
import ohos.bundle.IBundleManager;
import ohos.data.DatabaseHelper;
import ohos.data.preferences.Preferences;public class MyWidgetAbility extends FormAbility {@Overridepublic void onStart(Intent intent) {super.onStart(intent);// 初始化代码}@Overridepublic void onCreate(Intent intent) {super.onCreate(intent);// 创建实况窗}@Overrideprotected void onActive() {super.onActive();// 激活时的处理}@Overrideprotected void onInactive() {super.onInactive();// 失活时的处理}@Overrideprotected void onStop() {super.onStop();// 停止时的处理}
}

5. 注册实况窗Ability

在entry/src/main/resources/base/config.json中注册新的实况窗Ability：

{"app": {// 应用信息},"deviceConfig": {// 设备配置},"module": {"type": "ability","name": "entry","label": "$string:app_name","description": "$string:app_description","icon": "$media:icon","abilities": [{"name": ".MainAbility","label": "$string:app_name","description": "$string:app_description","icon": "$media:icon","type": "page","tools": ["FA"],"uri": "pages/index","forms": [{"name": "MyWidget","description": "$string:widget_description","window": {"designWidth": 720,"autoDesignHeight": true}}]},{"name": ".MyWidgetAbility","label": "$string:widget_label","description": "$string:widget_description","icon": "$media:widget_icon","type": "form","forms": [{"name": "MyWidget","description": "$string:widget_description","window": {"designWidth": 720,"autoDesignHeight": true}}]}],// 其他配置项...}
}

6. 调用实况窗

在你的主应用的代码中，可以通过Intent启动实况窗Ability：

import ohos.aafwk.ability.Ability;
import ohos.aafwk.content.Intent;public class MainAbility extends Ability {@Overridepublic void onStart(Intent intent) {super.onStart(intent);// 启动实况窗AbilityIntent formIntent = new Intent();formIntent.setOperation(new Intent.OperationBuilder().withDeviceId("").withBundleName(getBundleName()).withAbilityName("com.example.myapplication.MyWidgetAbility").build());startAbility(formIntent);}
}