示例代码：

def chuli(color):import cv2import numpy as np# 定义颜色名称到HSV阈值范围的映射color_thresholds = {'red': ([0, 100, 100], [10, 255, 255], [160, 100, 100], [180, 255, 255]),'yellow': ([20, 100, 100], [30, 255, 255]),'blue': ([90, 100, 100], [130, 255, 255])}# 读取图片image = cv2.imread('captcha.png')# 将图片从BGR转换到HSV颜色空间hsv_image = cv2.cvtColor(image, cv2.COLOR_BGR2HSV)# 获取用户输入的颜色名称color_name = color.lower()# 检查颜色名称是否在映射中if color_name in color_thresholds:# 获取该颜色的HSV阈值范围thresholds = color_thresholds[color_name]# 创建掩码mask = Nonefor i in range(0, len(thresholds), 2):lower = np.array(thresholds[i])upper = np.array(thresholds[i + 1])mask_color = cv2.inRange(hsv_image, lower, upper)if mask is None:mask = mask_colorelse:mask = cv2.bitwise_or(mask, mask_color)# 对掩码进行膨胀和腐蚀mask = cv2.dilate(mask, None, iterations=2)mask = cv2.erode(mask, None, iterations=2)# 使用掩码提取原图中的颜色区域result = cv2.bitwise_and(image, image, mask=mask)# 保存结果为图片result_filename = 'detected.png'cv2.imwrite(result_filename, result)print(f"Result saved as {result_filename}")else:print("Invalid color name. Please choose from 'red', 'yellow', or 'blue'.")chuli('blue')

 效果展示：