一、项目要求
使用线程完善文件拷贝器的操作
- 主窗口不能假死
- 主窗口进度条必须能动
- 改写文件大小的单位(自适应)
1TB=1024GB
1GB=1024MB
1MB=1024KB
1KB=1024字节
二、所需技术
1.QFileDialog 文件对话框
QFileDialog也继承了QDialog类,直接使用静态成员函数弹窗,弹窗的结果(选择文件的路径)通过函数的返回值获取。
// 获得一个打开或保存的文件路径
// 参数1 父对象
// 参数2 即windowTitle属性(界面标题)
// 参数3 在哪个目录下打开,默认值表示项目的工作目录
// 参数4 文件格式过滤器
// 返回值 选择的文件路径,如果选择失败,返回空字符
QString QFileDialog::getSaveFileName|getOpenFileName(QWidget * parent = 0, const QString & caption = QString(), const QString & dir = QString(), const QString & filter = QString())[static]
需要注意的是,QFileDialog只是一个窗口类,本身不具备任何IO能力。
2.QFileInfo 文件信息类
只需要创建出对象后,通过各种成员函数直接获取文件信息。
// 构造函数
// 参数为文件路径,如果文件非法,仍然可以创建出QFileInfo
QFileInfo::QFileInfo(const QString & file)// 判断文件或文件夹是否存在
// 如果存在返回true否则返回false
bool QFileInfo::exists() const// 返回文件大小,单位是字节
qint64 QFileInfo::size() const// 返回基础文件名
QString QFileInfo::baseName() const// 返回最近修改日期和时间
QDateTime QFileInfo::lastModified() const// 返回可读性
bool QFileInfo::isReadable() const
3.QFile文件读写类
在Qt中所有IO都都继承自QIODevice类,QIODevice类中规定了最基础的IO相关接口,这些接口虽然在不同的派生类中可能是实现有区别,但调用方式一致。
// 构造函数
// 参数为文件路径,如果是非法路径,也能创建出对象,但是不能正常IO
QFile::QFile(const QString & name)// 判断QFile对应的文件是否存在
bool QFile::exists() const// 打开数据流
// 参数为打开的模式
// 返回值为打开的结果
bool QIODevice::open(OpenMode mode)[virtual]// 读取最大长度为maxSize个字节到返回值中
QByteArray QIODevice::read(qint64 maxSize)// 写出数据
// 参数为写出的内容
// 返回值为实际的数据写出字节数,出错返回-1
qint64 QIODevice::write(const QByteArray & byteArray)// 判断是否读到文件尾部
bool QIODevice::atEnd() const[virtual]// 关闭文件流
void QIODevice::close()[virtual]// 清空缓存区
bool QFileDevice::flush()// 返回输入流的大小,单位是字节
qint64 QIODevice::size() const
4.ui界面
三、代码
//dialog.h
#ifndef DIALOG_H
#define DIALOG_H#include <QDialog>
#include <QFileDialog>
#include <QMessageBox>
#include <QDateTime>
#include <QFileInfo>
#include <QFile>
#include "mythread.h"
namespace Ui {
class Dialog;
}class Dialog : public QDialog
{Q_OBJECTpublic:explicit Dialog(QWidget *parent = 0);~Dialog();private:Ui::Dialog *ui;QString readPath;QString writePath;void prinFileInfo();void copy();MyThread *ct;
private slots:void btnsClickedSlot();void valueSlot(int);
};#endif // DIALOG_H
//mythread.h
#ifndef MYTHREAD_H
#define MYTHREAD_H#include <QThread>
#include <QDebug>
#include <QFile>class MyThread : public QThread
{Q_OBJECT
public:explicit MyThread(QObject *parent = 0);~MyThread();bool getRunningState() const;void setRunningState(bool value);void Pathget(QString, QString);signals:void valueSignal(int);
public slots:private:QString treadPath;QString twritePath;bool runningState;// 状态标记
protected:void run();
};#endif // MYTHREAD_H
//dialog.c
#include "dialog.h"
#include "ui_dialog.h"Dialog::Dialog(QWidget *parent) :QDialog(parent),ui(new Ui::Dialog)
{ui->setupUi(this);connect(ui->pushButtonOpen,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(btnsClickedSlot()));
connect(ui->pushButtonSave,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(btnsClickedSlot()));
connect(ui->pushButtonCopy,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(btnsClickedSlot()));}Dialog::~Dialog()
{delete ui;
}void Dialog::prinFileInfo()
{QFileInfo info(readPath);if(!info.exists())return;qint64 size=info.size();qreal size2;QString text;if(size<1024){size2=size;QString text=QString ::number(size2);text.prepend("文件大小:").append("字节");ui->textBrowserOpen->append(text);}else if(size>=1024 && size<1048576){size2=size/1024;QString text=QString ::number(size2);text.prepend("文件大小:").append("K字节");ui->textBrowserOpen->append(text);}else if(size>=1048576&&size<1073741824){size2=size/1048576;QString text=QString ::number(size2);text.prepend("文件大小:").append("M字节");ui->textBrowserOpen->append(text);}else if(size>=1073741824&&size<1099511627776){size2=size/1073741824;QString text=QString ::number(size2);text.prepend("文件大小:").append("G字节");ui->textBrowserOpen->append(text);}text=info.baseName();text.prepend("文件名称:");ui->textBrowserOpen->append(text);text=info.lastModified().toString("修改时间:yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss");ui->textBrowserOpen->append(text);bool result=info.isReadable();if(result)ui->textBrowserOpen->append("文件可读");elseui->textBrowserOpen->append("文件不可读");}void Dialog::copy()
{if(readPath==""){QMessageBox::warning(this,"提示","请选择要读取的文件");return;}else if(writePath==""){QMessageBox::warning(this,"提示","请选择要保存的文件");return;}QFile readFile(readPath);QFile writeFile(writePath);readFile.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly);writeFile.open(QIODevice::WriteOnly);writeFile.flush();readFile.close();writeFile.close();
}void Dialog::btnsClickedSlot()
{if(ui->pushButtonOpen==sender()){QString filter="所有文件(*.*);;Qt(*.cpp *.pro *.h *.ui)";//符号都是英语符号,用于检索QString path=QFileDialog::getOpenFileName(this,"打开","C:/",filter);if(path != ""){ui->textBrowserOpen->append(path);readPath=path;prinFileInfo();}else if (readPath == ""){QMessageBox::warning(this,"提示","请选择要打开的文件!");return;}}else if(ui->pushButtonSave==sender()){QString filter="所有文件(*.*);;Qt(*.cpp *.pro *.h *.ui)";QString path=QFileDialog::getSaveFileName(this,"保存","C:/",filter);if(path != "")
{ui->textBrowserSave->append(path);writePath=path;
}else if (writePath == ""){QMessageBox::warning(this,"提示","请选择要保存的文件!");return;}}else if(ui->pushButtonCopy==sender()){// 创建子线程对象并启动if(ui->pushButtonCopy->text() == "开始拷贝"){copy();ct = new MyThread(this);connect(ct,SIGNAL(valueSignal(int)),this,SLOT(valueSlot(int)));ct->start();ui->pushButtonCopy->setText("停止拷贝");}else if (ui->pushButtonCopy->text() == "停止拷贝"){ui->pushButtonCopy->setText("开始拷贝");ct->setRunningState(false);}}
}
void Dialog::valueSlot(int value)
{ui->progressBar->setValue(value);if(value == 100){// 释放按钮ui->pushButtonCopy->setEnabled(true);this->hide();// 隐藏主窗口,只是看不到this->show();// 显示主窗口QMessageBox::information(this,"通知","文件拷贝完毕");}
}
//mythread.c
#include "mythread.h"MyThread::MyThread(QObject *parent) : QThread(parent)
{setRunningState(true);
}MyThread::~MyThread()
{}bool MyThread::getRunningState() const
{return runningState;
}void MyThread::setRunningState(bool value)
{runningState = value;
}void MyThread::run()
{for(int i = 0 ;i <= 100 && runningState;i++){QThread::msleep(100);emit valueSignal(i);}qDebug() << "资源已释放";}