VS2019+CMake+Vtk9.3.0+Qt5.14.2 配置环境

第一步 下载

基本配置

• 系统环境：windows11 x64

• Qt：5.14.2

  这是最后最新的LTS qt离线版本，后续版本都需要在线安装，同时使用qt5.14也避免版权问题。

  • Qt 5.14：大部分模块基于LGPL v3许可，允许以动态链接的方式使用而不公开源码，适合开发闭源、商业软件。
  • Qt 6：虽然也提供LGPL v3和GPL许可，但部分模块在GPL下提供，可能会有更严格的开源要求。此外，Qt 6的早期版本中缺少了一些模块，如图表、数据可视化和WebEngine，这可能会影响某些应用的开发

• VTK：9.3.0

  VTK 9.3.0 发布于 2023 年 11 月 9 日

• CMake：3.29

  CMake 3.29发布于 2024 年 3 月 26 日

• VS2019

  因为qt5.14 默认使用msvc2017，也就是VS2019的编译器，虽说通过一些设置也可以在VS2022跑起来，不过图省事，还是使用VS2019了。

下载链接

链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1lbwPTIx-FKuVxX54AbzXGw?pwd=3cyi
提取码：3cyi

安装Qt

运行qt-opensource-windows-x86-5.14.2.exe , 注意安装路径下不要用中文，也不要有空格！

设置好路径，一路next，只有这里需要稍微注意下

安装CMake

略

安装VS2019

运行vs_community__2019.exe

安装c++桌面开发即可

第二步 编译VTK

过程相当痛苦，所以我才写这个攻略 orz

配置CMake

1.初步Configure

qt配置

检查qt的配置项，注意标红的几点，如果没有Qt附带的拿下Dir，设置好Qt5_Dir后再Configure一次，应该都会刷新出来。

另外如果你安装了anaconda，你的qt里面可能会是anaconda里的qt路径，需要更新正确。

安装位置

自定义一个安装位置，这是后续编译好的库文件和头文件的存放位置。

2.Generate

点击generate， 会在build文件夹下生成VTK.sln,使用VS2019打开该解决方案。

3.进入VS生成

编译时选择【生成->批生成】

先生成Debug和Release的库

编译时间视个人配置各不相同。几十分钟到几小时不等。

生成好后再进行批安装。

一切顺利的话，安装结果如下：

如果实在嫌麻烦也可以使用我已经编译好的库，下载链接里也有。

FAQ:

1. FilterReduction报错重编译的解决方法

https://blog.csdn.net/martian665/article/details/139340218

加上/force(注意空格)

不过/force 只是强制link，可能会导致别的问题。

2. 获取当前目录下lib的名称

将下面的代码写入文件，修改后缀名bat。运行即可得。

@echo off
dir /b *.lib > lib_files.txt
echo "All *.lib file names have been written to lib_files.txt"

第三部 配置

配置环境变量（否则运行时有问题）

环境变量->Path里加上如下bin的路径，具体需要根据你自己的安装位置做适配

• D:\Program Files\CMake\bin
• D:\Dev\VTK\bin
• D:\Qt5\Qt5.14.2\5.14.2\msvc2017_64\bin
• D:\Qt5\Qt5.14.2\5.14.2\msvc2017\bin

第四部 测试demo

demo1简单图形

CMakelists

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.12 FATAL_ERROR)project(Tutorial_Step1)find_package(VTK COMPONENTS CommonColorCommonCoreFiltersSourcesInteractionStyleRenderingContextOpenGL2RenderingCoreRenderingFreeTypeRenderingGL2PSOpenGL2RenderingOpenGL2
)if (NOT VTK_FOUND)message(FATAL_ERROR "Tutorial_Step1: Unable to find the VTK build folder.")
endif()# Prevent a "command line is too long" failure in Windows.
set(CMAKE_NINJA_FORCE_RESPONSE_FILE "ON" CACHE BOOL "Force Ninja to use response files.")
add_executable(Tutorial_Step1 MACOSX_BUNDLE Tutorial_Step1.cpp )target_link_libraries(Tutorial_Step1 PRIVATE ${VTK_LIBRARIES}
)
# vtk_module_autoinit is needed
vtk_module_autoinit(TARGETS Tutorial_Step1MODULES ${VTK_LIBRARIES}
)

Tutorial_Step1.cpp

#include"vtkSmartPointer.h"
#include"vtkPolyData.h"
#include "vtkType.h"
#include "vtkPoints.h"
#include "vtkCellArray.h"
#include "vtkFloatArray.h"
#include "vtkPolyData.h"
#include "vtkPointData.h"
#include "vtkPolyDataMapper.h"
#include "vtkActor.h"
#include "vtkProperty.h"
#include "vtkRenderer.h"
#include "vtkRenderWindow.h"
#include "vtkRenderWindowInteractor.h"
#ifndef M_PI
#define M_PI (3.14159265358979323846)
#endif
#define CIR_CUT (100.0)
namespace Data
{//存放点集using Point = std::vector<double>;using Pointlist = std::vector<Point>;//绘制面的索引using Triangular = std::vector<vtkIdType>;using TriangularList = std::vector<Triangular>;
}
int main()
{//设置内环,外环半径double Rinner = 20.0;double Rexcir = 40.0;Data::Pointlist mPointlist;Data::TriangularList mTriangularList;//std::vector<double> angles;angles.reserve(CIR_CUT + 1);double angleInterval = (2 * M_PI) / CIR_CUT;for (auto i = 0; i <= CIR_CUT; i++)angles.push_back(i * angleInterval);//生成点集和三角面for (auto index = 0; index < CIR_CUT; index++){__int64 lastsize = mPointlist.size();Data::Point p1 = { Rinner * cos(angles[index]), Rinner * sin(angles[index]), 0.0 };Data::Point p2 = { Rinner * cos(angles[index + 1]), Rinner * sin(angles[index + 1]), 0.0 };Data::Point p3 = { Rexcir * cos(angles[index + 1]), Rexcir * sin(angles[index + 1]), 0.0 };Data::Point p4 = { Rexcir * cos(angles[index]), Rexcir * sin(angles[index]), 0.0 };Data::Triangular f1 = { 0 + lastsize, 1 + lastsize, 2 + lastsize };Data::Triangular f2 = { 2 + lastsize, 3 + lastsize, 0 + lastsize };mPointlist.push_back(p1);mPointlist.push_back(p2);mPointlist.push_back(p3);mPointlist.push_back(p4);mTriangularList.push_back(f1);mTriangularList.push_back(f2);}//可视化流程//source源，绘制图形的基本数据vtkSmartPointer<vtkPoints> cirpoints = vtkSmartPointer<vtkPoints>::New();vtkSmartPointer<vtkCellArray> cellarray = vtkSmartPointer<vtkCellArray>::New();vtkSmartPointer<vtkFloatArray> calaes = vtkSmartPointer<vtkFloatArray>::New();for (__int64 index = 0; index < mPointlist.size(); index++){cirpoints->InsertPoint(index, mPointlist[index].data());calaes->InsertTuple1(index, index);}for (auto&& i : mTriangularList)cellarray->InsertNextCell(vtkIdType(i.size()), i.data());vtkSmartPointer<vtkPolyData> polydata = vtkSmartPointer<vtkPolyData>::New();polydata->SetPoints(cirpoints);polydata->SetPolys(cellarray);polydata->GetPointData()->SetScalars(calaes);//过滤器--这里没有使用,可以跳过//映射器通过将数据表现为有形的几何图形vtkSmartPointer<vtkPolyDataMapper> mapper = vtkSmartPointer<vtkPolyDataMapper>::New();mapper->SetInputData(polydata);mapper->SetScalarRange(polydata->GetScalarRange());//关闭根据标量设置颜色mapper->ScalarVisibilityOff();//表演者 调整可见的属性vtkSmartPointer<vtkActor> actor = vtkSmartPointer<vtkActor>::New();actor->SetMapper(mapper);actor->GetProperty()->SetColor(1.0, 0.5, 1.0);//渲染器vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderer> render = vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderer>::New();render->AddActor(actor);//渲染窗口vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderWindow> rw = vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderWindow>::New();rw->AddRenderer(render);//渲染窗口交互器vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderWindowInteractor> ri = vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderWindowInteractor>::New();ri->SetRenderWindow(rw);actor->GetProperty()->SetRepresentationToWireframe();//显示边框rw->Render();ri->Start();return 0;
}

demo2 MinimalQtVTKApp

VTK+Qt

CMakelists

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.12 FATAL_ERROR)if(POLICY CMP0020)cmake_policy(SET CMP0020 NEW)cmake_policy(SET CMP0071 NEW)
endif()PROJECT(MinimalQtVTKApp)find_package(VTK COMPONENTS CommonCoreCommonDataModelFiltersSourcesGUISupportQtInteractionStyleRenderingContextOpenGL2RenderingCoreRenderingFreeTypeRenderingGL2PSOpenGL2RenderingOpenGL2GUISupportQtRenderingQt
)if(NOT VTK_FOUND)message(FATAL_ERROR "MinimalQtVTKApp: Unable to find the VTK build folder.")
endif()if(NOT(TARGET VTK::GUISupportQt))message(FATAL_ERROR "MinimalQtVTKApp: VTK not built with Qt support.")
endif()if(NOT DEFINED VTK_QT_VERSION)set(VTK_QT_VERSION 5)
endif()set(qt_components Core Gui Widgets)
if(${VTK_QT_VERSION} VERSION_GREATER_EQUAL 6)list(APPEND qt_components OpenGLWidgets)
endif()
list(SORT qt_components)
# We have ui files, so this will also bring in the macro:
#   qt5_wrap_ui or qt_wrap_ui from Widgets.
find_package(Qt${VTK_QT_VERSION} QUIETREQUIRED COMPONENTS ${qt_components}
)foreach(_qt_comp IN LISTS qt_components)list(APPEND qt_modules "Qt${VTK_QT_VERSION}::${_qt_comp}")
endforeach()message (STATUS "VTK_VERSION: ${VTK_VERSION}, Qt Version: ${Qt${VTK_QT_VERSION}Widgets_VERSION}")# Instruct CMake to run moc and uic automatically when needed.
set(CMAKE_AUTOMOC ON)
set(CMAKE_AUTOUIC ON)include_directories(${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR} ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR})file(GLOB UI_FILES *.ui)
file(GLOB QT_WRAP *.h)
file(GLOB CXX_FILES *.cxx)# For VTK versions greater than or equal to 8.90.0:
#  CMAKE_AUTOUIC is ON so we handle uic automatically for Qt targets.
#  CMAKE_AUTOMOC is ON so we handle moc automatically for Qt targets.# Prevent a "command line is too long" failure in Windows.
set(CMAKE_NINJA_FORCE_RESPONSE_FILE "ON" CACHE BOOL "Force Ninja to use response files.")
# CMAKE_AUTOMOC in ON so the MOC headers will be automatically wrapped.
add_executable(MinimalQtVTKApp MACOSX_BUNDLE${CXX_FILES} ${UISrcs} ${QT_WRAP}
)
if (Qt${VTK_QT_VERSION}Widgets_VERSION VERSION_LESS "5.11.0")qt5_use_modules(MinimalQtVTKApp ${qt_components})
else()target_link_libraries(MinimalQtVTKApp ${qt_modules})
endif()
target_link_libraries(MinimalQtVTKApp ${VTK_LIBRARIES})
# vtk_module_autoinit is needed
vtk_module_autoinit(TARGETS MinimalQtVTKAppMODULES ${VTK_LIBRARIES}
)

MinimalQtVTKApp.cpp

#include <QVTKOpenGLNativeWidget.h>
#include <vtkActor.h>
#include <vtkDataSetMapper.h>
#include <vtkDoubleArray.h>
#include <vtkGenericOpenGLRenderWindow.h>
#include <vtkPointData.h>
#include <vtkProperty.h>
#include <vtkRenderer.h>
#include <vtkSphereSource.h>#include <QApplication>
#include <QDockWidget>
#include <QGridLayout>
#include <QLabel>
#include <QMainWindow>
#include <QPointer>
#include <QPushButton>
#include <QVBoxLayout>#include <cmath>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <random>namespace {
/*** Deform the sphere source using a random amplitude and modes and render it in* the window** @param sphere the original sphere source* @param mapper the mapper for the scene* @param window the window to render to* @param randEng the random number generator engine*/
void Randomize(vtkSphereSource* sphere, vtkMapper* mapper,vtkGenericOpenGLRenderWindow* window, std::mt19937& randEng);
} // namespaceint main(int argc, char* argv[])
{QSurfaceFormat::setDefaultFormat(QVTKOpenGLNativeWidget::defaultFormat());QApplication app(argc, argv);// Main window.QMainWindow mainWindow;mainWindow.resize(1200, 900);// Control area.QDockWidget controlDock;mainWindow.addDockWidget(Qt::LeftDockWidgetArea, &controlDock);QLabel controlDockTitle("Control Dock");controlDockTitle.setMargin(20);controlDock.setTitleBarWidget(&controlDockTitle);QPointer<QVBoxLayout> dockLayout = new QVBoxLayout();QWidget layoutContainer;layoutContainer.setLayout(dockLayout);controlDock.setWidget(&layoutContainer);QPushButton randomizeButton;randomizeButton.setText("Randomize");dockLayout->addWidget(&randomizeButton);// Render area.QPointer<QVTKOpenGLNativeWidget> vtkRenderWidget =new QVTKOpenGLNativeWidget();mainWindow.setCentralWidget(vtkRenderWidget);// VTK part.vtkNew<vtkGenericOpenGLRenderWindow> window;vtkRenderWidget->setRenderWindow(window.Get());vtkNew<vtkSphereSource> sphere;sphere->SetRadius(1.0);sphere->SetThetaResolution(100);sphere->SetPhiResolution(100);vtkNew<vtkDataSetMapper> mapper;mapper->SetInputConnection(sphere->GetOutputPort());vtkNew<vtkActor> actor;actor->SetMapper(mapper);actor->GetProperty()->SetEdgeVisibility(true);actor->GetProperty()->SetRepresentationToSurface();vtkNew<vtkRenderer> renderer;renderer->AddActor(actor);window->AddRenderer(renderer);// Setup initial status.std::mt19937 randEng(0);::Randomize(sphere, mapper, window, randEng);// connect the buttonsQObject::connect(&randomizeButton, &QPushButton::released,[&]() { ::Randomize(sphere, mapper, window, randEng); });mainWindow.show();return app.exec();
}namespace {
void Randomize(vtkSphereSource* sphere, vtkMapper* mapper,vtkGenericOpenGLRenderWindow* window, std::mt19937& randEng)
{// Generate randomness.double randAmp = 0.2 + ((randEng() % 1000) / 1000.0) * 0.2;double randThetaFreq = 1.0 + (randEng() % 9);double randPhiFreq = 1.0 + (randEng() % 9);// Extract and prepare data.sphere->Update();vtkSmartPointer<vtkPolyData> newSphere;newSphere.TakeReference(sphere->GetOutput()->NewInstance());newSphere->DeepCopy(sphere->GetOutput());vtkNew<vtkDoubleArray> height;height->SetName("Height");height->SetNumberOfComponents(1);height->SetNumberOfTuples(newSphere->GetNumberOfPoints());newSphere->GetPointData()->AddArray(height);// Deform the sphere.for (int iP = 0; iP < newSphere->GetNumberOfPoints(); iP++){double pt[3] = {0.0};newSphere->GetPoint(iP, pt);double theta = std::atan2(pt[1], pt[0]);double phi =std::atan2(pt[2], std::sqrt(std::pow(pt[0], 2) + std::pow(pt[1], 2)));double thisAmp =randAmp * std::cos(randThetaFreq * theta) * std::sin(randPhiFreq * phi);height->SetValue(iP, thisAmp);pt[0] += thisAmp * std::cos(theta) * std::cos(phi);pt[1] += thisAmp * std::sin(theta) * std::cos(phi);pt[2] += thisAmp * std::sin(phi);newSphere->GetPoints()->SetPoint(iP, pt);}newSphere->GetPointData()->SetScalars(height);// Reconfigure the pipeline to take the new deformed sphere.mapper->SetInputDataObject(newSphere);mapper->SetScalarModeToUsePointData();mapper->ColorByArrayComponent("Height", 0);window->Render();
}
} // namespace

成功结果

点击 Randomize 可以切换渲染模型