先搞定环境，安装amqp扩展

确保已安装rabbitmq-c-dev。

比如 可以使用apk add rabbmit-c-dev安装

cd ~
wget http://pecl.php.net/get/amqp-1.10.2.tgz
tar -zxf amqp-1.10.2.tgz
cd amqp-1.10.2
phpize
./configure
make && make install
cd ~
rm -rf amqp-1.10.2*

重启php，php -m查看是否成功安装amqp。

开启以下步骤：

1、Composer安装laravel-queue-rabbitmq

composer require vladimir-yuldashev/laravel-queue-rabbitmq

2、在config/app.php文件中，providers中添加：
 

VladimirYuldashev\LaravelQueueRabbitMQ\LaravelQueueRabbitMQServiceProvider::class,

3、在app/config/queue.php配置文件中的connections数组中加入以下配置

'rabbitmq' => ['driver' => 'rabbitmq','dsn' => env('RABBITMQ_DSN', null),/** Could be one a class that implements \Interop\Amqp\AmqpConnectionFactory for example:*  - \EnqueueAmqpExt\AmqpConnectionFactory if you install enqueue/amqp-ext*  - \EnqueueAmqpLib\AmqpConnectionFactory if you install enqueue/amqp-lib*  - \EnqueueAmqpBunny\AmqpConnectionFactory if you install enqueue/amqp-bunny*/'factory_class' => Enqueue\AmqpLib\AmqpConnectionFactory::class,'host' => env('RABBITMQ_HOST', '127.0.0.1'),'port' => env('RABBITMQ_PORT', 5672),'vhost' => env('RABBITMQ_VHOST', '/'),'login' => env('RABBITMQ_LOGIN', 'guest'),'password' => env('RABBITMQ_PASSWORD', 'guest'),'queue' => env('RABBITMQ_QUEUE', 'default'),'options' => ['exchange' => ['name' => env('RABBITMQ_EXCHANGE_NAME'),/** Determine if exchange should be created if it does not exist.*/'declare' => env('RABBITMQ_EXCHANGE_DECLARE', true),/** Read more about possible values at https://www.rabbitmq.com/tutorials/amqp-concepts.html*/'type' => env('RABBITMQ_EXCHANGE_TYPE', \Interop\Amqp\AmqpTopic::TYPE_DIRECT),'passive' => env('RABBITMQ_EXCHANGE_PASSIVE', false),'durable' => env('RABBITMQ_EXCHANGE_DURABLE', true),'auto_delete' => env('RABBITMQ_EXCHANGE_AUTODELETE', false),'arguments' => env('RABBITMQ_EXCHANGE_ARGUMENTS'),],'queue' => [/** Determine if queue should be created if it does not exist.*/'declare' => env('RABBITMQ_QUEUE_DECLARE', true),/** Determine if queue should be binded to the exchange created.*/'bind' => env('RABBITMQ_QUEUE_DECLARE_BIND', true),/** Read more about possible values at https://www.rabbitmq.com/tutorials/amqp-concepts.html*/'passive' => env('RABBITMQ_QUEUE_PASSIVE', false),'durable' => env('RABBITMQ_QUEUE_DURABLE', true),'exclusive' => env('RABBITMQ_QUEUE_EXCLUSIVE', false),'auto_delete' => env('RABBITMQ_QUEUE_AUTODELETE', false),'arguments' => env('RABBITMQ_QUEUE_ARGUMENTS'),],],/** Determine the number of seconds to sleep if there's an error communicating with rabbitmq* If set to false, it'll throw an exception rather than doing the sleep for X seconds.*/'sleep_on_error' => env('RABBITMQ_ERROR_SLEEP', 5),/** Optional SSL params if an SSL connection is used* Using an SSL connection will also require to configure your RabbitMQ to enable SSL. More details can be founds here: https://www.rabbitmq.com/ssl.html*/'ssl_params' => ['ssl_on' => env('RABBITMQ_SSL', false),'cafile' => env('RABBITMQ_SSL_CAFILE', null),'local_cert' => env('RABBITMQ_SSL_LOCALCERT', null),'local_key' => env('RABBITMQ_SSL_LOCALKEY', null),'verify_peer' => env('RABBITMQ_SSL_VERIFY_PEER', true),'passphrase' => env('RABBITMQ_SSL_PASSPHRASE', null),],],

4、修改 .env 文件

QUEUE_CONNECTION=rabbitmq    #这个配置env一般会有先找到修改为这个#以下是新增配置RABBITMQ_HOST=rabbitmq  #mq的服务器地址，我这里用的是laradock，具体的就具体修改咯
RABBITMQ_PORT=5672  #mq的端口
RABBITMQ_VHOST=/
RABBITMQ_LOGIN=guest    #mq的登录名
RABBITMQ_PASSWORD=guest   #mq的密码
RABBITMQ_QUEUE=queue_name   #mq的队列名称

5、创建任务类
php artisan make:job Queue
执行之后会生成一个文件app/Jobs/Queue.php

例子：

<?phpnamespace App\Jobs;use App\Entities\Posts;
use Illuminate\Bus\Queueable;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Bus\Dispatchable;
use Illuminate\Queue\SerializesModels;
use Illuminate\Queue\InteractsWithQueue;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\ShouldQueue;class Queue  implements ShouldQueue
{use Dispatchable, InteractsWithQueue, Queueable, SerializesModels;private $data;/*** Queue constructor.* @param $data*/public function __construct($data){$this->data = $data;}/*** Execute the job.** @return void*/public function handle(){try{$insert = ['title'=>$this->data->title,'author_id'=>$this->data->author_id,'content'=>$this->data->content,'description'=>$this->data->description,];$result = Posts::create($insert);echo json_encode(['code' => 200, 'msg' => $result]);}catch (\Exception $exception) {echo json_encode(['code'=>0,'msg'=>$exception->getMessage()]);}}
}

7、消费队列
执行命令进行消费：
php artisan queue:work rabbitmq
效果如下：

root@9e99cf9fba73:/var/www/blog# php artisan  queue:work rabbitmq
[2018-12-24 07:34:32][5c208bf66e63b3.56379160] Processing: App\Jobs\Queue
{"code":200,"msg":{"title":1,"author_id":2,"content":"\u5185\u5bb9","description":"\u63cf\u8ff0","updated_at":"2018-12-24 07:34:32","created_at":"2018-12-24 07:34:32","id":1}}[2018-12-24 07:34:32][5c208bf66e63b3.56379160] Processed:  App\Jobs\Queue
[2018-12-24 07:34:32][5c208bf66ff7c3.20969590] Processing: App\Jobs\Queue
{"code":200,"msg":{"title":2,"author_id":2,"content":"\u5185\u5bb92","description":"\u63cf\u8ff02","updated_at":"2018-12-24 07:34:32","created_at":"2018-12-24 07:34:32","id":2}}[2018-12-24 07:34:32][5c208bf66ff7c3.20969590] Processed:  App\Jobs\Queue
[2018-12-24 07:34:32][5c208bf6702695.93123122] Processing: App\Jobs\Queue
{"code":200,"msg":{"title":3,"author_id":2,"content":"\u5185\u5bb93","description":"\u63cf\u8ff03","updated_at":"2018-12-24 07:34:32","created_at":"2018-12-24 07:34:32","id":3}}[2018-12-24 07:34:32][5c208bf6702695.93123122] Processed:  App\Jobs\Queue
[2018-12-24 07:34:32][5c208bf6706e24.78015170] Processing: App\Jobs\Queue
{"code":200,"msg":{"title":4,"author_id":2,"content":"\u5185\u5bb94","description":"\u63cf\u8ff04","updated_at":"2018-12-24 07:34:32","created_at":"2018-12-24 07:34:32","id":4}}[2018-12-24 07:34:32][5c208bf6706e24.78015170] Processed:  App\Jobs\Queue
[2018-12-24 07:34:32][5c208bf6709be0.07998731] Processing: App\Jobs\Queue
{"code":200,"msg":{"title":5,"author_id":2,"content":"\u5185\u5bb95","description":"\u63cf\u8ff05","updated_at":"2018-12-24 07:34:32","created_at":"2018-12-24 07:34:32","id":5}}[2018-12-24 07:34:32][5c208bf6709be0.07998731] Processed:  App\Jobs\Queue

注意：使用这个laravel-queue-rabbitmq这个包需要开启sockets拓展，不然会报错