1. MyBatis 的注解式开发
文章目录
- 1. MyBatis 的注解式开发
- 2. 准备工作
- 3. @Insert 插入/添加
- 4. @Delete 删除
- 5. @Update 更新/修改
- 6. @Select 查询
- 7. 总结:
- 8. 最后:
MyBatis 中也提供了注解式开发方式,采用注解可以减少Sql映射文件的配置。
当然,使用注解式开发的话,sql语句是写在java程序中的,这种方式也会给sql语句的维护带来成本。
官方是这么说的:
使用注解来映射简单语句会使代码显得更加简洁,但对于稍微复杂一点的语句(比如含有 ,标签 ),Java 注解不仅力不从心,还会让你本就复杂的 SQL 语句更加混乱不堪。 因此,如果你需要做一些很复杂的操作,最好用 XML 来映射语句。
使用注解编写复杂的SQL是这样的:
原则:简单SQL 可以注解。复杂SQL 建议使用 xml(SQL映射文件)。
2. 准备工作
数据表结构的设计,数据表名为:t_car
t_car 表中的数据信息:
在pom.xml
文件当中配置相关的依赖的 jar 包如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>com.rainbowsea</groupId><artifactId>mybatis-005-crud-blog</artifactId><version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version><properties><maven.compiler.source>17</maven.compiler.source><maven.compiler.target>17</maven.compiler.target></properties><dependencies><!-- mybatis 的依赖--><dependency><groupId>org.mybatis</groupId><artifactId>mybatis</artifactId><version>3.5.10</version></dependency><!-- mysql --><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><version>8.0.30</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId><version>4.13.2</version><scope>test</scope></dependency><!-- 引入 logback的依赖,这个日志框架实现了slf4j 规范--><dependency><groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId><artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId><version>1.2.11</version></dependency></dependencies></project>
配置 logback 的配置文件,用于打印显示,我们的日志信息,方便我们查看我们的运行过程,效果。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><configuration debug="false"><!-- 控制台输出 --><appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender"><encoder class="ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder"><!--格式化输出:%d表示日期,%thread表示线程名,%-5level:级别从左显示5个字符宽度%msg:日志消息,%n是换行符--><pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{50} - %msg%n</pattern></encoder></appender><!--mybatis log configure--><logger name="com.apache.ibatis" level="TRACE"/><logger name="java.sql.Connection" level="DEBUG"/><logger name="java.sql.Statement" level="DEBUG"/><logger name="java.sql.PreparedStatement" level="DEBUG"/><!-- 日志输出级别,logback日志级别包括五个:TRACE < DEBUG < INFO < WARN < ERROR --><root level="DEBUG"><appender-ref ref="STDOUT"/><appender-ref ref="FILE"/></root></configuration>
配置 MyBatis 的核心配置文件,
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configurationPUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN""http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration><!-- 使用 <package> 还可以将这个包下的所有的类的全部自动起别名,别名就是简名,不区分大小写 --><package name="com.rainbowsea.mybatis.pojo"/></typeAliases><environments default="mybatis"><environment id="mybatis"><!-- MANAGED 没有用第三框架管理的话,都是会被提交的,没有事务上的管理了 --><transactionManager type="JDBC"/><dataSource type="POOLED"><property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/><property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis"/><property name="username" value="root"/><property name="password" value="MySQL123"/></dataSource></environment></environments><mappers><!-- 这里也是可以使用 package 包名扫描,但是同样的:对应接口路径要一致,接口名一致--><package name="com.rainbowsea.mybatis.mapper"></package></mappers>
</configuration>
对照 t_car 创建的ORM 映射的 Car 类
注意:在MyBatis 当中对应的ORM ,一般在框架里对应的 Bean实体类,一定要实现该 set 和 get 方法以及无参数构造方法,无法框架无法使用反射机制,进行操作 。
建议用包装类,这样可以防止 Null的问题,因为(简单类型 int num = null ,是不可以赋值为 null)的编译无法通过
package com.rainbowsea.mybatis.pojo;public class Car {// 数据库表当中的字段应该和pojo类的属性一一对应// 建议使用包装类,这样可以防止null的问题private Long id;private String carNum;private String brand;private Double guidePrice;private String produceTime;private String carType;public Car() {}public Car(Long id, String carNum, String brand, Double guidePrice, String produceTime, String carType) {this.id = id;this.carNum = carNum;this.brand = brand;this.guidePrice = guidePrice;this.produceTime = produceTime;this.carType = carType;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "Car{" +"id=" + id +", carNum='" + carNum + '\'' +", brand='" + brand + '\'' +", guidePrice=" + guidePrice +", produceTime='" + produceTime + '\'' +", catType='" + carType + '\'' +'}';}public Long getId() {return id;}public void setId(Long id) {this.id = id;}public String getCarNum() {return carNum;}public void setCarNum(String carNum) {this.carNum = carNum;}public String getBrand() {return brand;}public void setBrand(String brand) {this.brand = brand;}public Double getGuidePrice() {return guidePrice;}public void setGuidePrice(Double guidePrice) {this.guidePrice = guidePrice;}public String getProduceTime() {return produceTime;}public void setProduceTime(String produceTime) {this.produceTime = produceTime;}public String getcarType() {return carType;}public void setcarType(String catType) {this.carType = catType;}
}
3. @Insert 插入/添加
直接用注解,不需要写对应的 SQl映射文件。
import com.rainbowsea.mybatis.pojo.Car;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Delete;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Insert;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Update;public interface CarMapper {@Insert("insert into t_car values(null,#{carNum},#{brand},#{guidePrice},#{produceTime},#{carType})")int insert(Car car);}
运行测试:
@Testpublic void testInsert() throws IOException {SqlSessionFactoryBuilder sqlSessionFactoryBuilder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = sqlSessionFactoryBuilder.build(Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis" +"-config.xml"), "mybatis");SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();CarMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(CarMapper.class);Car car = new Car(null,"666","丰田霸道",new BigDecimal(32.00),"2020-11-11","燃油车");int count = mapper.insert(car);System.out.println(count);sqlSession.commit();sqlSession.close();}
4. @Delete 删除
import com.rainbowsea.mybatis.pojo.Car;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Delete;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Insert;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Update;public interface CarMapper {@Delete("delete from t_car where id = #{id}")int deleteById(Long id);}
运行测试:
@Testpublic void testDeleteById() throws IOException {SqlSessionFactoryBuilder sqlSessionFactoryBuilder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = sqlSessionFactoryBuilder.build(Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis" +"-config.xml"), "mybatis");SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();CarMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(CarMapper.class);int count = mapper.deleteById(139L);System.out.println(count);sqlSession.commit();sqlSession.close();}
5. @Update 更新/修改
import com.rainbowsea.mybatis.pojo.Car;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Delete;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Insert;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Update;public interface CarMapper {@Update("update t_car set car_num=#{carNum},brand=#{brand},guide_price=#{guidePrice},produce_time=#{produceTime}," +"car_type=#{carType} where id=#{id}")int update(Car car);}
运行测试:
@Testpublic void testUpdate() throws IOException {SqlSessionFactoryBuilder sqlSessionFactoryBuilder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = sqlSessionFactoryBuilder.build(Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis" +"-config.xml"), "mybatis");SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();CarMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(CarMapper.class);Car car = new Car(139L,"666","丰田霸道2",new BigDecimal(32.00),"2020-11-11","燃油车");int count = mapper.update(car);System.out.println(count);sqlSession.commit();sqlSession.close();}
6. @Select 查询
import com.rainbowsea.mybatis.pojo.Car;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Delete;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Insert;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Update;public interface CarMapper {@Select("select * from t_car where id = #{id}")Car selectById(Long id);}
运行测试:
import com.rainbowsea.mybatis.mapper.CarMapper;
import com.rainbowsea.mybatis.pojo.Car;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.Test;import java.io.IOException;
import java.math.BigDecimal;public class CarMapperTest {@Testpublic void testSelectById() throws IOException {SqlSessionFactoryBuilder sqlSessionFactoryBuilder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = sqlSessionFactoryBuilder.build(Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis" +"-config.xml"), "mybatis");SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();CarMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(CarMapper.class);Car car = mapper.selectById(118L);System.out.println(car);sqlSession.close();}
}
7. 总结:
- 原则:简单SQL 可以注解。复杂SQL 建议使用 xml(SQL映射文件)。
8. 最后:
“在这个最后的篇章中,我要表达我对每一位读者的感激之情。你们的关注和回复是我创作的动力源泉,我从你们身上吸取了无尽的灵感与勇气。我会将你们的鼓励留在心底,继续在其他的领域奋斗。感谢你们,我们总会在某个时刻再次相遇。”