一、Fraction类（分数）

class Fraction:def __init__(self, top, bottom):if bottom == 0:print("Error:分子分母不能为0")else:n = gcd(top, bottom)self.num = top // nself.den = bottom // n# 分数的输出def __str__(self):return str(self.num) + "/" + str(self.den)# 分数之间的数值运算def __add__(self, otherfraction):newnum = self.num * otherfraction.den + self.den * otherfraction.numnewden = self.den * otherfraction.denreturn Fraction(newnum , newden)def __sub__(self, otherfraction):newnum = self.num * otherfraction.den - self.den * otherfraction.numnewden = self.den * otherfraction.denreturn Fraction(newnum, newden)def __mul__(self, otherfraction):newnum = self.num * otherfraction.numnewden = self.den * otherfraction.denreturn Fraction(newnum, newden)def __truediv__(self,otherfraction):# 除数为0时，报错if otherfraction.num == 0:print("Error,contradictory to divising rule, otherfraction can not be zero.")else:newnum = self.num*otherfraction.dennewden = self.den*otherfraction.numreturn Fraction(newnum,newden)def __eq__(self, other):firstnum = self.num * other.densecondnum = self.den * other.numreturn firstnum == secondnum# greatest commom divisor (GCD) 最大公因数
def gcd(m, n):while m % n != 0:oldm = moldn = nm = oldnn = oldm % oldnreturn nif __name__ == "__main__":f1 = Fraction(3,5)f2 = Fraction(2,4)print(f"{f1},{f2}")print(f1.__add__(f2))print(f1.__sub__(f2))print(f1.__mul__(f2))print(f1.__truediv__(f2))

加入比较运算

class Fraction:def __init__(self, top, bottom):if bottom == 0:print("Error:分子分母不能为0")else:# 判断分子分母是否为整数if isinstance(top, int) and isinstance(bottom, int):n = gcd(top, bottom)self.num = top // n  # 分子self.den = bottom // n  # 分母# 防止输入的分母为负数if self.den < 0:self.den = abs(self.den)self.num = self.num * -1else:print("Error,top or bottem is not int.")# 分数的输出def __str__(self):return str(self.num) + "/" + str(self.den)# 分数之间的数值运算def __add__(self, otherfraction):newnum = self.num * otherfraction.den + self.den * otherfraction.numnewden = self.den * otherfraction.denreturn Fraction(newnum, newden)def __sub__(self, otherfraction):newnum = self.num * otherfraction.den - self.den * otherfraction.numnewden = self.den * otherfraction.denreturn Fraction(newnum, newden)def __mul__(self, otherfraction):newnum = self.num * otherfraction.numnewden = self.den * otherfraction.denreturn Fraction(newnum, newden)def __truediv__(self, otherfraction):# 除数为0时，报错if otherfraction.num == 0:print("Error,contradictory to divising rule, otherfraction can not be zero.")else:newnum = self.num * otherfraction.dennewden = self.den * otherfraction.numreturn Fraction(newnum, newden)# 分数之间的比较关系# lt x<ydef __lt__(self, otherfraction):if self.num * otherfraction.den < self.den * otherfraction.num:print("%s is less" % self.__str__())else:print("%s is less" % otherfraction.__str__())# le x<=ydef __le__(self, otherfraction):if self.num * otherfraction.den < self.den * otherfraction.num:print("%s is less or equal" % self.__str__())else:print("%s is less or equal" % otherfraction.__str__())# ne x!=ydef __ne__(self, otherfraction):if self.num * otherfraction.den == self.den * otherfraction.num:print("%s is equal" % self.__str__())else:print("%s is not equal" % otherfraction.__str__())# gt x>ydef __gt__(self, otherfraction):if self.num * otherfraction.den > self.den * otherfraction.num:print("%s is greater" % self.__str__())else:print("%s is greater" % otherfraction.__str__())# ge x>=ydef __ge__(self, otherfraction):if self.num * otherfraction.den >= self.den * otherfraction.num:print("%s is greater or equal" % self.__str__())else:print("%s is greater or equal" % otherfraction.__str__())# greatest commom divisor (GCD) 最大公因数
def gcd(m, n):while m % n != 0:oldm = moldn = nm = oldnn = oldm % oldnreturn nif __name__ == "__main__":f = Fraction(2.1, 10)

二、逻辑门

# 逻辑门类
class LogicGate:def __init__(self, n):self.label = nself.output = Nonedef getLabel(self):return self.labeldef getOutput(self):self.output = self.performGateLogic()return self.outputdef setNextPin(self, source):if self.pinA == None:self.pinA = sourceelse:if self.pinB == None:self.pinB = sourceelse:raise RuntimeError:("Error:NO EMPTY PINS")# 子类从父类继承（两输入）
class BinaryGate(LogicGate):def __init__(self, n):super().__init__(n)  # 首先使用super函数来调用其父类的构造方法。self.pinA = Noneself.pinB = Nonedef getPinA(self):# 如果输入没有与任何逻辑门相连接if self.pinA == None:return int(input("Enter Pin A input for gate" + self.getLabel() + "-->"))# 如果有了连接else:return self.pinA.getFrom().getOutput()def getPinB(self):return int(input("Enter Pin B input for gate" + self.getLabel() + "-->"))# 单输入
class UnaryGate(LogicGate):def __init__(self, n):super().__init__(n)self.pin = Nonedef getPin(self):return int(input("Enter Pin input for gate" + self.getLabel() + "-->"))# 两输入的与门类的构建
class AndGate(BinaryGate):def __init__(self, n):super().__init__(n)def performGateLogic(self):a = self.getPinA()b = self.getPinB()if a == 1 and b == 1:return 1else:return 0class Connector:def __init__(self, fgate, tgate):self.fromgate = fgateself.togate = tgatetgate.setNextPin(self)def getFrom(self):return self.fromgatedef getTo(self):return self.togateg1 = AndGate("G1")
print(g1.getOutput())

三、简单基础的例子

class Employee:def __init__(self, name, id):self.name = nameself.id = iddef print_info(self):print(f"员工姓名：{self.name},员工工号：{self.id}")class FullTimeEmployee(Employee):def __init__(self, name, id, monthly_salary):super().__init__(name, id)self.monthly_salary = monthly_salarydef calculate_monthly_pay(self):return self.monthly_salaryclass PartTimeEmployee(Employee):def __init__(self, name, id, daily_salary, work_days):super().__init__(name, id)self.daily_salary = daily_salaryself.work_days = work_daysdef calculate_monthly_pay(self):return self.daily_salary * self.work_dayszhangsan = FullTimeEmployee("张三","1001",6000)
lisi = PartTimeEmployee("李四","1002",200,40)
zhangsan.print_info()
lisi.print_info()
print(zhangsan.calculate_monthly_pay())
print(lisi.calculate_monthly_pay())

class Student:def __init__(self,name,student_id):self.name = nameself.id = student_idself.score = {"语文":0,"数学":0,"英语":0}def set_grade(self,course,grade):if course in self.score:self.score[course] = gradedef print_score(self):for course in self.score:print(f"{course}:{self.score[course]}")chen = Student("小陈","100")
chen.set_grade("语文",90)
chen.set_grade("数学",10)
chen.print_score()
# zeng = Student("小曾","101")
# print(chen.name)
# zeng.set_grade("数学",100)
# print(zeng.score)