1. Return机制
Confirm只能保证消息到达exchange,无法保证消息可以被exchange分发到指定queue。
而且exchange是不能持久化消息的,queue是可以持久化消息。
采用Return机制来监听消息是否从exchange送到了指定的queue中
2.Java的实现方式
1.导入依赖
<dependency><groupId>com.rabbitmq</groupId><artifactId>amqp-client</artifactId><version>5.6.0</version></dependency>
2.生产者的实现方式
采用Return机制来监听消息是否从exchange送到了指定的queue中
package com.qf.mq2302.hello;import com.qf.mq2302.utils.MQUtils;
import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ReturnListener;import java.io.IOException;public class SendRetrun {public static final String QUEUE_NAME="hello-queue";public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {//1.获取连接对象Connection conn = MQUtils.getConnection();//2. 创建一个channel对象,对于MQ的大部分操作,都定义在了channel对象上Channel channel = conn.createChannel();//3.声明了一个队列/*** queue – the name of the queue* durable – true代表创建的队列是持久化的(当mq重启后,该队列依然存在)* exclusive – 该队列是不是排他的 (该对立是否只能由当前创建该队列的连接使用)* autoDelete – 该队列是否可以被mq服务器自动删除* arguments – 队列的其他参数,可以为null*/channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);//开启 return 机制//编写回调方法channel.addReturnListener(new ReturnListener() {//如果消息没有成功发送到队列,这个方法会被调用@Overridepublic void handleReturn(int replyCode, String replyText, String exchange, String routingKey, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {System.out.println("====================ReturnListener==================");System.out.println("replyCode:"+replyCode);System.out.println("replyText:"+replyText);System.out.println("exchange:"+exchange);System.out.println("routingKey:"+routingKey);System.out.println("properties:"+properties);System.out.println("body:"+new String(body,"utf-8"));System.out.println("====================ReturnListener==================");}});String message = "Hello doubleasdasda!";//生产者如何发送消息,使用下面的方法即可/*** exchange – 交换机的名字 ,如果是空串,说明是把消息发给了默认交换机* routingKey – 路由的key,当发送消息给默认交换机时,routingkey代表队列的名字* other properties - 消息的其他属性,可以为null* body – 消息的内容,注意,要是有 字节数组*///注意:如果要使用生产者的return机制,需要在发送消息时,指定mandatory(强制性)为truechannel.basicPublish("", "sadnaas", true,null, message.getBytes());System.out.println(" [x] Sent '" + message + "'");Thread.sleep(1000);// 关闭资源channel.close();conn.close();}
}
这个必须要加上才能让rutern返回机制生效
3.消费者的实现方式
package com.qf.mq2302.hello;import com.qf.mq2302.utils.MQUtils;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DeliverCallback;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Delivery;import java.io.IOException;public class Recv {private final static String QUEUE_NAME="hello-queue";public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {//1.获取连接对象Connection conn = MQUtils.getConnection();//2. 创建一个channel对象,对于MQ的大部分操作,都定义在了channel对象上Channel channel = conn.createChannel();/*** 第一个参数队列名称* 第二个参数,耐用性* 第三个参数排外性* 第四个参数是否自动删除* 第五个参数,可以定义什么类型的队列*/channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);//3.该消费者收到消息之后的处理逻辑,写在DeliverCallback对象中DeliverCallback deliverCallback =new DeliverCallback() {@Overridepublic void handle(String consumerTag, Delivery message) throws IOException {System.out.println(consumerTag);//从Delivery对象中可以获取到生产者,发送的消息的字节数组byte[] body = message.getBody();String msg = new String(body, "utf-8");//在这里写消费者的业务逻辑,例如,发送邮件System.out.println(msg);}};//4.让当前消费者开始消费(QUEUE_NAME)队列中的消息/*** queue – the name of the queue* autoAck – true 代表当前消费者是不是自动确认模式。true代表自动确认。* deliverCallback – 当有消息发送给该消费者时,消费者如何处理消息的逻辑* cancelCallback – 当消费者被取消掉时,如果要执行代码,写到这里*/channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME,true,deliverCallback,consumerTag -> {});}}
3.整合springboot实现
1.导入依赖
<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId></dependency>
2.yml配置文件
spring:rabbitmq:host: 8.140.244.227port: 6786username: testpassword: testvirtual-host: /testpublisher-returns: true #开启return机制
3.RabbitMQ配置文件
package com.qf.bootmq2302.config;import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CachingConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CorrelationData;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;@Configuration
public class RabbitConfig {@Beanpublic RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate(CachingConnectionFactory cachingConnectionFactory){RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate = new RabbitTemplate();//设置连接工厂对象rabbitTemplate.setConnectionFactory(cachingConnectionFactory);// 开启return机制rabbitTemplate.setMandatory(true);rabbitTemplate.setReturnCallback(new RabbitTemplate.ReturnCallback() {@Overridepublic void returnedMessage(Message message, int replyCode, String replyText, String exchange, String routingKey) {System.out.println("message:"+new String(message.getBody()));System.out.println("replyCode:"+replyCode);System.out.println("replyText:"+replyText);System.out.println("exchange:"+exchange);System.out.println("routingKey:"+routingKey);}});return rabbitTemplate;}}
4.生产者的controller
@AutowiredRabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;@GetMapping("/test1")public String test1(String msg,String routkey){System.out.println(msg);String exchangeName = "";//默认交换机String routingkey = routkey;//队列名字//生产者发送消息rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(exchangeName,routingkey,msg);return "ok";}
5.消费者写一个队列
@RabbitListener(queues = "queueA")public void getMsg1(Map<String,Object> data, Channel channel,Message message) throws IOException {System.out.println(data);//手动ack//若开启手动ack,不给手动ack,就按照 prefetch: 1 #等价于basicQos(1)的量,就这么多,不会多给你了,因为你没有确认。确认一条,就给你一条channel.basicAck(message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag(),false);}
6.消费者的配置文件
spring:rabbitmq:host: 8.140.244.227port: 6786username: testpassword: testvirtual-host: /test#手动ACKlistener:simple:acknowledge-mode: manual # 手动ackprefetch: 1 #等价于basicQos(1)