本文对go语言内置模板处理包"text/template"常用操作汇总进行了详解，非常全面，一次搞定你的问题！还不收藏等啥呢！

目录

通用结构体定义

通用转换

1，基础操作

2，解析文件

3，自定义函数调用

4，循环遍历

5，语句、运算符、函数

6，变量与操作符

---

通用结构体定义

type Params struct {Field string // 取值的key名称Value string // 值
}

通用转换

func ConvertParams(params []Params) map[string]interface{} {ret := make(map[string]interface{}, 0)for i := range params {ret[params[i].Field] = params[i].Value}fmt.Printf("ret: %+v\n", ret)return ret
}

1，基础操作

// 目标字符串distStr := "name is {{.name}}, age is {{.age}}"// 解析列表准备params := []Params{{Field: "name", Value: "zhangsan"}, {Field: "age", Value: "99"}}// 创建template对象，并传入目标字符串进行解析tmpl, err := template.New("basic").Parse(distStr)if err != nil {fmt.Println("parse err: ", err)return}fmt.Printf("parse success: %+v\n", tmpl)// 将解析的模板应用于指定的数据对象，此处将params转为k-v结构并装载到bufferbuffer := &bytes.Buffer{}err = tmpl.Execute(buffer, ConvertParams(params))if err != nil {fmt.Println("execute err: ", err)} else {fmt.Println("result: ", buffer.String()) // 最终结果}

speed running:

parse success: &{name:basic Tree:0xc000112240 common:0xc00005c050 leftDelim: rightDelim:}
ret: map[age:99 name:zhangsan]
result:  name is zhangsan, age is 99

2，解析文件

params := []Params{{Field: "name", Value: "zhangsan"}, {Field: "age", Value: "99"}}// 此处New的参数必须是待解析的文件名中的一个，随意填写会报: template: x: "x" is an incomplete or empty templatetmpl, err := template.New("demo").ParseFiles("./go_text_template/demo")if err != nil {fmt.Println("ParseFiles err: ", err)return}fmt.Printf("ParseFiles success: %+v\n", tmpl)buffer := &bytes.Buffer{}err = tmpl.Execute(buffer, ConvertParams(params))if err != nil {fmt.Println("execute err: ", err)} else {fmt.Println("result: ", buffer.String())}

speed running:

ParseFiles success: &{name:demo Tree:0xc000118120 common:0xc00005c050 leftDelim: rightDelim:}
ret: map[age:99 name:zhangsan]
result:  name is zhangsan, age is 99

3，自定义函数调用

	// 自定义函数add := func(a, b int, c string) int { fmt.Println("c=", c); return a + b }// 创建funcMap对象，将自定义函数嵌入funcMap := template.FuncMap{"add": add}//此处注意,一定要先绑定函数tmpl := template.New("methodCall").Funcs(funcMap)// 注意函数参数之间保持空格，否则会报template: methodCall:1:52: executing "methodCall" at <add>: wrong number of args for add: want 3 got 2distStr := "打印入参：{{.a}}、{{.b}}、{{.c}}  计算：{{add .a .b \"c\" }}" // 若参数为字符串，形式如cparams := []Params{{Field: "a", Value: 1}, {Field: "b", Value: 2}, {Field: "c", Value: "my val is c"}}var err errortmpl, err = tmpl.Parse(distStr)if err != nil {fmt.Println("parse err: ", err)return}buffer := &bytes.Buffer{}err = tmpl.Execute(buffer, ConvertParams(params))if err != nil {fmt.Println("execute err: ", err)} else {fmt.Println("result: ", buffer.String())}

speed running:

ret: map[a:1 b:2 c:my val is c]
c= c
result:  打印入参：1、2、my val is c  计算：3

4，循环遍历

type Student struct {Name stringAge  int
}// 待解析的模板，注意语句形成闭环，否则报错template: range:21: unexpected EOFdistStr := ` 
第1种：单独遍历每条记录
{{range  $info := .}}
{{$info}}
{{- end}}第2种：仅获取下标
{{range $i, $info := .}}
{{$i}}
{{- end}}第3种：下标+每条记录
{{range $i, $info := .}}i: {{$i}}   info: {{$info}}
{{- end}}第4种：得到每条记录的每个字段
{{range  $info := .}}name:{{$info.Name}}  age:{{$info.Age}}
{{- end}}
`// 数据准备var params []Studentparams = []Student{{Name: "wangwu", Age: 99}, {Name: "zhangsan", Age: 99},}tmpl, err := template.New("range").Parse(distStr)if err != nil {fmt.Println("parse err: ", err)return}buffer := &bytes.Buffer{}err = tmpl.Execute(buffer, params)if err != nil {fmt.Println("execute err: ", err)} else {fmt.Println("result: ", buffer.String())}

speed running:

result:
第1种：单独遍历每条记录{wangwu 99}
{zhangsan 99}第2种：仅获取下标0
1第3种：下标+每条记录i: 0   info: {wangwu 99}i: 1   info: {zhangsan 99}第4种：得到每条记录的每个字段name:wangwu  age:99name:zhangsan  age:99

5，语句、运算符、函数

type Student struct {Name        stringAge         intIsJuniorStu bool
}	// len可获得长度，index用于以下标获取对应位置的元素，以0开始// if-end，if-else-end, 条件语句// eq，判断是否相等，相当于==，用法：{{if eq $info.Age 99}} 表示Age和99是否相等// lt表示<   le表示<=    gt表示>  ge表示>=   ne表示!=  eq表示==distStr := `
数据长度={{len .}}
0号位置的数据: {{index . 1}}
{{range  $info := .}}
name:{{$info.Name}}  age:{{$info.Age}}{{if $info.IsJuniorStu}} {{$info.Name}} is a junior student{{else}} println {{$info.Name}} not a junior student{{end}}{{if eq $info.Age 99}} {{$info.Name}} 's age is 99{{end}}
{{- end}}
`// 数据准备var params []Studentparams = []Student{{Name: "wangwu", Age: 99, IsJuniorStu: true}, {Name: "zhangsan", Age: 98, IsJuniorStu: false},}tmpl, err := template.New("range").Parse(distStr)if err != nil {fmt.Println("parse err: ", err)return}buffer := &bytes.Buffer{}err = tmpl.Execute(buffer, params)if err != nil {fmt.Println("execute err: ", err)} else {fmt.Println("result: ", buffer.String())}

speed running:

result:
数据长度=2
0号位置的数据: {zhangsan 98 false}name:wangwu  age:99wangwu is a junior studentwangwu 's age is 99name:zhangsan  age:98println zhangsan not a junior student

6，变量与操作符

	// 使用:=定义变量distStr := `
{{ $a1 := "" }}
{{ $a2 := "" }}
{{ $a3 := "ok" }}
{{ $a4 := "ok" }}
{{ $a5 := true }}
{{ $a6 := false }}
{{ $a7 := true }}
or:
{{if or $a1 $a2}}a1||a2为真{{else}}a1||a2为假{{end}}
{{if or $a1 $a3}}a1||a3为真{{else}}a1||a3为假{{end}}
{{if or $a4 $a5}}a4||a5为真{{else}}a4||a5为假{{end}}
and
{{if and $a1 $a2}}a1&&a2为真{{else}}a1&&a2为假{{end}}
{{if and $a1 $a3}}a1&&a3为真{{else}}a1&&a3为假{{end}}
{{if and $a3 $a4}}a3&&a4为真{{else}}a3&&a4为假{{end}}
{{if and $a4 $a5}}a4&&a5为真{{else}}a4&&a5为假{{end}}
{{if and $a4 $a6}}a4&&a6为真{{else}}a4&&a6为假{{end}}
取反：
a1取反={{not $a1}}
a3取反={{not $a3}}
a5取反={{not $a5}}
a6取反={{not $a6}}
`tmpl, err := template.New("range").Parse(distStr)if err != nil {fmt.Println("parse err: ", err)return}buffer := &bytes.Buffer{}err = tmpl.Execute(buffer, nil)if err != nil {fmt.Println("execute err: ", err)} else {fmt.Println("result: ", buffer.String())}

speed running:

or:
a1||a2为假
a1||a3为真
a4||a5为真
and
a1&&a2为假
a1&&a3为假
a3&&a4为真
a4&&a5为真
a4&&a6为假
取反
a1取反=true
a3取反=false
a5取反=false
a6取反=true