Webpack5入门到原理20：Vue 脚手架搭建

开发模式配置

// webpack.dev.js
const path = require("path");
const ESLintWebpackPlugin = require("eslint-webpack-plugin");
const HtmlWebpackPlugin = require("html-webpack-plugin");
const { VueLoaderPlugin } = require("vue-loader");
const { DefinePlugin } = require("webpack");
const CopyPlugin = require("copy-webpack-plugin");const getStyleLoaders = (preProcessor) => {return ["vue-style-loader","css-loader",{loader: "postcss-loader",options: {postcssOptions: {plugins: ["postcss-preset-env", // 能解决大多数样式兼容性问题],},},},preProcessor,].filter(Boolean);
};module.exports = {entry: "./src/main.js",output: {path: undefined,filename: "static/js/[name].js",chunkFilename: "static/js/[name].chunk.js",assetModuleFilename: "static/js/[hash:10][ext][query]",},module: {rules: [{// 用来匹配 .css 结尾的文件test: /\.css$/,// use 数组里面 Loader 执行顺序是从右到左use: getStyleLoaders(),},{test: /\.less$/,use: getStyleLoaders("less-loader"),},{test: /\.s[ac]ss$/,use: getStyleLoaders("sass-loader"),},{test: /\.styl$/,use: getStyleLoaders("stylus-loader"),},{test: /\.(png|jpe?g|gif|svg)$/,type: "asset",parser: {dataUrlCondition: {maxSize: 10 * 1024, // 小于10kb的图片会被base64处理},},},{test: /\.(ttf|woff2?)$/,type: "asset/resource",},{test: /\.(jsx|js)$/,include: path.resolve(__dirname, "../src"),loader: "babel-loader",options: {cacheDirectory: true,cacheCompression: false,plugins: [// "@babel/plugin-transform-runtime" // presets中包含了],},},// vue-loader不支持oneOf{test: /\.vue$/,loader: "vue-loader", // 内部会给vue文件注入HMR功能代码options: {// 开启缓存cacheDirectory: path.resolve(__dirname,"node_modules/.cache/vue-loader"),},},],},plugins: [new ESLintWebpackPlugin({context: path.resolve(__dirname, "../src"),exclude: "node_modules",cache: true,cacheLocation: path.resolve(__dirname,"../node_modules/.cache/.eslintcache"),}),new HtmlWebpackPlugin({template: path.resolve(__dirname, "../public/index.html"),}),new CopyPlugin({patterns: [{from: path.resolve(__dirname, "../public"),to: path.resolve(__dirname, "../dist"),toType: "dir",noErrorOnMissing: true,globOptions: {ignore: ["**/index.html"],},info: {minimized: true,},},],}),new VueLoaderPlugin(),// 解决页面警告new DefinePlugin({__VUE_OPTIONS_API__: "true",__VUE_PROD_DEVTOOLS__: "false",}),],optimization: {splitChunks: {chunks: "all",},runtimeChunk: {name: (entrypoint) => `runtime~${entrypoint.name}`,},},resolve: {extensions: [".vue", ".js", ".json"], // 自动补全文件扩展名，让vue可以使用},devServer: {open: true,host: "localhost",port: 3000,hot: true,compress: true,historyApiFallback: true, // 解决vue-router刷新404问题},mode: "development",devtool: "cheap-module-source-map",
};

生产模式配置

// webpack.prod.js
const path = require("path");
const ESLintWebpackPlugin = require("eslint-webpack-plugin");
const HtmlWebpackPlugin = require("html-webpack-plugin");
const MiniCssExtractPlugin = require("mini-css-extract-plugin");
const CssMinimizerPlugin = require("css-minimizer-webpack-plugin");
const TerserWebpackPlugin = require("terser-webpack-plugin");
const ImageMinimizerPlugin = require("image-minimizer-webpack-plugin");
const { VueLoaderPlugin } = require("vue-loader");
const { DefinePlugin } = require("webpack");const getStyleLoaders = (preProcessor) => {return [MiniCssExtractPlugin.loader,"css-loader",{loader: "postcss-loader",options: {postcssOptions: {plugins: ["postcss-preset-env", // 能解决大多数样式兼容性问题],},},},preProcessor,].filter(Boolean);
};module.exports = {entry: "./src/main.js",output: {path: undefined,filename: "static/js/[name].[contenthash:10].js",chunkFilename: "static/js/[name].[contenthash:10].chunk.js",assetModuleFilename: "static/js/[hash:10][ext][query]",clean: true,},module: {rules: [{// 用来匹配 .css 结尾的文件test: /\.css$/,// use 数组里面 Loader 执行顺序是从右到左use: getStyleLoaders(),},{test: /\.less$/,use: getStyleLoaders("less-loader"),},{test: /\.s[ac]ss$/,use: getStyleLoaders("sass-loader"),},{test: /\.styl$/,use: getStyleLoaders("stylus-loader"),},{test: /\.(png|jpe?g|gif|svg)$/,type: "asset",parser: {dataUrlCondition: {maxSize: 10 * 1024, // 小于10kb的图片会被base64处理},},},{test: /\.(ttf|woff2?)$/,type: "asset/resource",},{test: /\.(jsx|js)$/,include: path.resolve(__dirname, "../src"),loader: "babel-loader",options: {cacheDirectory: true,cacheCompression: false,plugins: [// "@babel/plugin-transform-runtime" // presets中包含了],},},// vue-loader不支持oneOf{test: /\.vue$/,loader: "vue-loader", // 内部会给vue文件注入HMR功能代码options: {// 开启缓存cacheDirectory: path.resolve(__dirname,"node_modules/.cache/vue-loader"),},},],},plugins: [new ESLintWebpackPlugin({context: path.resolve(__dirname, "../src"),exclude: "node_modules",cache: true,cacheLocation: path.resolve(__dirname,"../node_modules/.cache/.eslintcache"),}),new HtmlWebpackPlugin({template: path.resolve(__dirname, "../public/index.html"),}),new CopyPlugin({patterns: [{from: path.resolve(__dirname, "../public"),to: path.resolve(__dirname, "../dist"),toType: "dir",noErrorOnMissing: true,globOptions: {ignore: ["**/index.html"],},info: {minimized: true,},},],}),new MiniCssExtractPlugin({filename: "static/css/[name].[contenthash:10].css",chunkFilename: "static/css/[name].[contenthash:10].chunk.css",}),new VueLoaderPlugin(),new DefinePlugin({__VUE_OPTIONS_API__: "true",__VUE_PROD_DEVTOOLS__: "false",}),],optimization: {// 压缩的操作minimizer: [new CssMinimizerPlugin(),new TerserWebpackPlugin(),new ImageMinimizerPlugin({minimizer: {implementation: ImageMinimizerPlugin.imageminGenerate,options: {plugins: [["gifsicle", { interlaced: true }],["jpegtran", { progressive: true }],["optipng", { optimizationLevel: 5 }],["svgo",{plugins: ["preset-default","prefixIds",{name: "sortAttrs",params: {xmlnsOrder: "alphabetical",},},],},],],},},}),],splitChunks: {chunks: "all",},runtimeChunk: {name: (entrypoint) => `runtime~${entrypoint.name}`,},},resolve: {extensions: [".vue", ".js", ".json"],},mode: "production",devtool: "source-map",
};

其他配置

package.json

{"name": "vue-cli","version": "1.0.0","description": "","main": "main.js","scripts": {"start": "npm run dev","dev": "cross-env NODE_ENV=development webpack serve --config ./config/webpack.dev.js","build": "cross-env NODE_ENV=production webpack --config ./config/webpack.prod.js"},"keywords": [],"author": "","license": "ISC","devDependencies": {"@babel/core": "^7.17.10","@babel/eslint-parser": "^7.17.0","@vue/cli-plugin-babel": "^5.0.4","babel-loader": "^8.2.5","copy-webpack-plugin": "^10.2.4","cross-env": "^7.0.3","css-loader": "^6.7.1","css-minimizer-webpack-plugin": "^3.4.1","eslint-plugin-vue": "^8.7.1","eslint-webpack-plugin": "^3.1.1","html-webpack-plugin": "^5.5.0","image-minimizer-webpack-plugin": "^3.2.3","imagemin": "^8.0.1","imagemin-gifsicle": "^7.0.0","imagemin-jpegtran": "^7.0.0","imagemin-optipng": "^8.0.0","imagemin-svgo": "^10.0.1","less-loader": "^10.2.0","mini-css-extract-plugin": "^2.6.0","postcss-preset-env": "^7.5.0","sass-loader": "^12.6.0","stylus-loader": "^6.2.0","vue-loader": "^17.0.0","vue-style-loader": "^4.1.3","vue-template-compiler": "^2.6.14","webpack": "^5.72.0","webpack-cli": "^4.9.2","webpack-dev-server": "^4.9.0"},"dependencies": {"vue": "^3.2.33","vue-router": "^4.0.15"},"browserslist": ["last 2 version", "> 1%", "not dead"]
}

.eslintrc.js

module.exports = {root: true,env: {node: true,},extends: ["plugin:vue/vue3-essential", "eslint:recommended"],parserOptions: {parser: "@babel/eslint-parser",},
};

babel.config.js

module.exports = {presets: ["@vue/cli-plugin-babel/preset"],
};

合并开发和生产配置

// webpack.config.js
const path = require("path");
const ESLintWebpackPlugin = require("eslint-webpack-plugin");
const HtmlWebpackPlugin = require("html-webpack-plugin");
const MiniCssExtractPlugin = require("mini-css-extract-plugin");
const CssMinimizerPlugin = require("css-minimizer-webpack-plugin");
const TerserWebpackPlugin = require("terser-webpack-plugin");
const ImageMinimizerPlugin = require("image-minimizer-webpack-plugin");
const { VueLoaderPlugin } = require("vue-loader");
const { DefinePlugin } = require("webpack");
const CopyPlugin = require("copy-webpack-plugin");// 需要通过 cross-env 定义环境变量
const isProduction = process.env.NODE_ENV === "production";const getStyleLoaders = (preProcessor) => {return [isProduction ? MiniCssExtractPlugin.loader : "vue-style-loader","css-loader",{loader: "postcss-loader",options: {postcssOptions: {plugins: ["postcss-preset-env"],},},},preProcessor,].filter(Boolean);
};module.exports = {entry: "./src/main.js",output: {path: isProduction ? path.resolve(__dirname, "../dist") : undefined,filename: isProduction? "static/js/[name].[contenthash:10].js": "static/js/[name].js",chunkFilename: isProduction? "static/js/[name].[contenthash:10].chunk.js": "static/js/[name].chunk.js",assetModuleFilename: "static/js/[hash:10][ext][query]",clean: true,},module: {rules: [{// 用来匹配 .css 结尾的文件test: /\.css$/,// use 数组里面 Loader 执行顺序是从右到左use: getStyleLoaders(),},{test: /\.less$/,use: getStyleLoaders("less-loader"),},{test: /\.s[ac]ss$/,use: getStyleLoaders("sass-loader"),},{test: /\.styl$/,use: getStyleLoaders("stylus-loader"),},{test: /\.(png|jpe?g|gif|svg)$/,type: "asset",parser: {dataUrlCondition: {maxSize: 10 * 1024, // 小于10kb的图片会被base64处理},},},{test: /\.(ttf|woff2?)$/,type: "asset/resource",},{test: /\.(jsx|js)$/,include: path.resolve(__dirname, "../src"),loader: "babel-loader",options: {cacheDirectory: true,cacheCompression: false,plugins: [// "@babel/plugin-transform-runtime" // presets中包含了],},},// vue-loader不支持oneOf{test: /\.vue$/,loader: "vue-loader", // 内部会给vue文件注入HMR功能代码options: {// 开启缓存cacheDirectory: path.resolve(__dirname,"node_modules/.cache/vue-loader"),},},],},plugins: [new ESLintWebpackPlugin({context: path.resolve(__dirname, "../src"),exclude: "node_modules",cache: true,cacheLocation: path.resolve(__dirname,"../node_modules/.cache/.eslintcache"),}),new HtmlWebpackPlugin({template: path.resolve(__dirname, "../public/index.html"),}),new CopyPlugin({patterns: [{from: path.resolve(__dirname, "../public"),to: path.resolve(__dirname, "../dist"),toType: "dir",noErrorOnMissing: true,globOptions: {ignore: ["**/index.html"],},info: {minimized: true,},},],}),isProduction &&new MiniCssExtractPlugin({filename: "static/css/[name].[contenthash:10].css",chunkFilename: "static/css/[name].[contenthash:10].chunk.css",}),new VueLoaderPlugin(),new DefinePlugin({__VUE_OPTIONS_API__: "true",__VUE_PROD_DEVTOOLS__: "false",}),].filter(Boolean),optimization: {minimize: isProduction,// 压缩的操作minimizer: [new CssMinimizerPlugin(),new TerserWebpackPlugin(),new ImageMinimizerPlugin({minimizer: {implementation: ImageMinimizerPlugin.imageminGenerate,options: {plugins: [["gifsicle", { interlaced: true }],["jpegtran", { progressive: true }],["optipng", { optimizationLevel: 5 }],["svgo",{plugins: ["preset-default","prefixIds",{name: "sortAttrs",params: {xmlnsOrder: "alphabetical",},},],},],],},},}),],splitChunks: {chunks: "all",},runtimeChunk: {name: (entrypoint) => `runtime~${entrypoint.name}`,},},resolve: {extensions: [".vue", ".js", ".json"],},devServer: {open: true,host: "localhost",port: 3000,hot: true,compress: true,historyApiFallback: true, // 解决vue-router刷新404问题},mode: isProduction ? "production" : "development",devtool: isProduction ? "source-map" : "cheap-module-source-map",
};

优化配置

const path = require("path");
const ESLintWebpackPlugin = require("eslint-webpack-plugin");
const HtmlWebpackPlugin = require("html-webpack-plugin");
const MiniCssExtractPlugin = require("mini-css-extract-plugin");
const CssMinimizerPlugin = require("css-minimizer-webpack-plugin");
const ImageMinimizerPlugin = require("image-minimizer-webpack-plugin");
const TerserWebpackPlugin = require("terser-webpack-plugin");
const CopyPlugin = require("copy-webpack-plugin");
const { VueLoaderPlugin } = require("vue-loader");
const { DefinePlugin } = require("webpack");
const AutoImport = require("unplugin-auto-import/webpack");
const Components = require("unplugin-vue-components/webpack");
const { ElementPlusResolver } = require("unplugin-vue-components/resolvers");
// 需要通过 cross-env 定义环境变量
const isProduction = process.env.NODE_ENV === "production";const getStyleLoaders = (preProcessor) => {return [isProduction ? MiniCssExtractPlugin.loader : "vue-style-loader","css-loader",{loader: "postcss-loader",options: {postcssOptions: {plugins: ["postcss-preset-env"],},},},preProcessor && {loader: preProcessor,options:preProcessor === "sass-loader"? {// 自定义主题：自动引入我们定义的scss文件additionalData: `@use "@/styles/element/index.scss" as *;`,}: {},},].filter(Boolean);
};module.exports = {entry: "./src/main.js",output: {path: isProduction ? path.resolve(__dirname, "../dist") : undefined,filename: isProduction? "static/js/[name].[contenthash:10].js": "static/js/[name].js",chunkFilename: isProduction? "static/js/[name].[contenthash:10].chunk.js": "static/js/[name].chunk.js",assetModuleFilename: "static/js/[hash:10][ext][query]",clean: true,},module: {rules: [{test: /\.css$/,use: getStyleLoaders(),},{test: /\.less$/,use: getStyleLoaders("less-loader"),},{test: /\.s[ac]ss$/,use: getStyleLoaders("sass-loader"),},{test: /\.styl$/,use: getStyleLoaders("stylus-loader"),},{test: /\.(png|jpe?g|gif|svg)$/,type: "asset",parser: {dataUrlCondition: {maxSize: 10 * 1024,},},},{test: /\.(ttf|woff2?)$/,type: "asset/resource",},{test: /\.(jsx|js)$/,include: path.resolve(__dirname, "../src"),loader: "babel-loader",options: {cacheDirectory: true,cacheCompression: false,plugins: [// "@babel/plugin-transform-runtime" // presets中包含了],},},// vue-loader不支持oneOf{test: /\.vue$/,loader: "vue-loader", // 内部会给vue文件注入HMR功能代码options: {// 开启缓存cacheDirectory: path.resolve(__dirname,"node_modules/.cache/vue-loader"),},},],},plugins: [new ESLintWebpackPlugin({context: path.resolve(__dirname, "../src"),exclude: "node_modules",cache: true,cacheLocation: path.resolve(__dirname,"../node_modules/.cache/.eslintcache"),}),new HtmlWebpackPlugin({template: path.resolve(__dirname, "../public/index.html"),}),new CopyPlugin({patterns: [{from: path.resolve(__dirname, "../public"),to: path.resolve(__dirname, "../dist"),toType: "dir",noErrorOnMissing: true,globOptions: {ignore: ["**/index.html"],},info: {minimized: true,},},],}),isProduction &&new MiniCssExtractPlugin({filename: "static/css/[name].[contenthash:10].css",chunkFilename: "static/css/[name].[contenthash:10].chunk.css",}),new VueLoaderPlugin(),new DefinePlugin({__VUE_OPTIONS_API__: "true",__VUE_PROD_DEVTOOLS__: "false",}),// 按需加载element-plus组件样式AutoImport({resolvers: [ElementPlusResolver()],}),Components({resolvers: [ElementPlusResolver({importStyle: "sass", // 自定义主题}),],}),].filter(Boolean),optimization: {minimize: isProduction,// 压缩的操作minimizer: [new CssMinimizerPlugin(),new TerserWebpackPlugin(),new ImageMinimizerPlugin({minimizer: {implementation: ImageMinimizerPlugin.imageminGenerate,options: {plugins: [["gifsicle", { interlaced: true }],["jpegtran", { progressive: true }],["optipng", { optimizationLevel: 5 }],["svgo",{plugins: ["preset-default","prefixIds",{name: "sortAttrs",params: {xmlnsOrder: "alphabetical",},},],},],],},},}),],splitChunks: {chunks: "all",cacheGroups: {// layouts通常是admin项目的主体布局组件，所有路由组件都要使用的// 可以单独打包，从而复用// 如果项目中没有，请删除layouts: {name: "layouts",test: path.resolve(__dirname, "../src/layouts"),priority: 40,},// 如果项目中使用element-plus，此时将所有node_modules打包在一起，那么打包输出文件会比较大。// 所以我们将node_modules中比较大的模块单独打包，从而并行加载速度更好// 如果项目中没有，请删除elementUI: {name: "chunk-elementPlus",test: /[\\/]node_modules[\\/]_?element-plus(.*)/,priority: 30,},// 将vue相关的库单独打包，减少node_modules的chunk体积。vue: {name: "vue",test: /[\\/]node_modules[\\/]vue(.*)[\\/]/,chunks: "initial",priority: 20,},libs: {name: "chunk-libs",test: /[\\/]node_modules[\\/]/,priority: 10, // 权重最低，优先考虑前面内容chunks: "initial",},},},runtimeChunk: {name: (entrypoint) => `runtime~${entrypoint.name}`,},},resolve: {extensions: [".vue", ".js", ".json"],alias: {// 路径别名"@": path.resolve(__dirname, "../src"),},},devServer: {open: true,host: "localhost",port: 3000,hot: true,compress: true,historyApiFallback: true, // 解决vue-router刷新404问题},mode: isProduction ? "production" : "development",devtool: isProduction ? "source-map" : "cheap-module-source-map",performance: false,
};