Webpack5入门到原理5：处理样式资源

处理样式资源

我们学习使用 Webpack 如何处理 Css、Less、Sass、Scss、Styl 样式资源

介绍

Webpack 本身是不能识别样式资源的，所以我们需要借助 Loader 来帮助 Webpack 解析样式资源

我们找 Loader 都应该去官方文档中找到对应的 Loader，然后使用

官方文档找不到的话，可以从社区 Github 中搜索查询

Webpack 官方 Loader 文档

处理 Css 资源

1. 下载包

npm i css-loader style-loader -D

注意：需要下载两个 loader

2. 功能介绍

css-loader：负责将 Css 文件编译成 Webpack 能识别的模块
style-loader：会动态创建一个 Style 标签，里面放置 Webpack 中 Css 模块内容

此时样式就会以 Style 标签的形式在页面上生效

3. 配置

const path = require("path");module.exports = {entry: "./src/main.js",output: {path: path.resolve(__dirname, "dist"),filename: "main.js",},module: {rules: [{// 用来匹配 .css 结尾的文件test: /\.css$/,// use 数组里面 Loader 执行顺序是从右到左use: ["style-loader", "css-loader"],},],},plugins: [],mode: "development",
};

4. 添加 Css 资源

src/css/index.css

.box1 {width: 100px;height: 100px;background-color: pink;
}

src/main.js

import count from "./js/count";
import sum from "./js/sum";
// 引入 Css 资源，Webpack才会对其打包
import "./css/index.css";console.log(count(2, 1));
console.log(sum(1, 2, 3, 4));

public/index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en"><head><meta charset="UTF-8" /><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /><title>webpack5</title></head><body><h1>Hello Webpack5</h1><!-- 准备一个使用样式的 DOM 容器 --><div class="box1"></div><!-- 引入打包后的js文件，才能看到效果 --><script src="../dist/main.js"></script></body>
</html>

5. 运行指令

npx webpack

打开 index.html 页面查看效果

处理 Less 资源

1. 下载包

npm i less-loader -D

2. 功能介绍

less-loader：负责将 Less 文件编译成 Css 文件

3. 配置

const path = require("path");module.exports = {entry: "./src/main.js",output: {path: path.resolve(__dirname, "dist"),filename: "main.js",},module: {rules: [{// 用来匹配 .css 结尾的文件test: /\.css$/,// use 数组里面 Loader 执行顺序是从右到左use: ["style-loader", "css-loader"],},{test: /\.less$/,use: ["style-loader", "css-loader", "less-loader"],},],},plugins: [],mode: "development",
};

4. 添加 Less 资源

src/less/index.less

.box2 {width: 100px;height: 100px;background-color: deeppink;
}

src/main.js

import count from "./js/count";
import sum from "./js/sum";
// 引入资源，Webpack才会对其打包
import "./css/index.css";
import "./less/index.less";console.log(count(2, 1));
console.log(sum(1, 2, 3, 4));

public/index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en"><head><meta charset="UTF-8" /><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /><title>webpack5</title></head><body><h1>Hello Webpack5</h1><div class="box1"></div><div class="box2"></div><script src="../dist/main.js"></script></body>
</html>

5. 运行指令

npx webpack

打开 index.html 页面查看效果

处理 Sass 和 Scss 资源

1. 下载包

npm i sass-loader sass -D

注意：需要下载两个

2. 功能介绍

sass-loader：负责将 Sass 文件编译成 css 文件
sass：sass-loader 依赖 sass 进行编译

3. 配置

const path = require("path");module.exports = {entry: "./src/main.js",output: {path: path.resolve(__dirname, "dist"),filename: "main.js",},module: {rules: [{// 用来匹配 .css 结尾的文件test: /\.css$/,// use 数组里面 Loader 执行顺序是从右到左use: ["style-loader", "css-loader"],},{test: /\.less$/,use: ["style-loader", "css-loader", "less-loader"],},{test: /\.s[ac]ss$/,use: ["style-loader", "css-loader", "sass-loader"],},],},plugins: [],mode: "development",
};

4. 添加 Sass 资源

src/sass/index.sass

/* 可以省略大括号和分号 */
.box3width: 100pxheight: 100pxbackground-color: hotpink

src/sass/index.scss

.box4 {width: 100px;height: 100px;background-color: lightpink;
}

src/main.js

import count from "./js/count";
import sum from "./js/sum";
// 引入资源，Webpack才会对其打包
import "./css/index.css";
import "./less/index.less";
import "./sass/index.sass";
import "./sass/index.scss";console.log(count(2, 1));
console.log(sum(1, 2, 3, 4));

public/index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en"><head><meta charset="UTF-8" /><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /><title>webpack5</title></head><body><h1>Hello Webpack5</h1><div class="box1"></div><div class="box2"></div><div class="box3"></div><div class="box4"></div><script src="../dist/main.js"></script></body>
</html>

5. 运行指令

npx webpack

打开 index.html 页面查看效果

处理 Styl 资源

1. 下载包

npm i stylus-loader -D

2. 功能介绍

stylus-loader：负责将 Styl 文件编译成 Css 文件

3. 配置

const path = require("path");module.exports = {entry: "./src/main.js",output: {path: path.resolve(__dirname, "dist"),filename: "main.js",},module: {rules: [{// 用来匹配 .css 结尾的文件test: /\.css$/,// use 数组里面 Loader 执行顺序是从右到左use: ["style-loader", "css-loader"],},{test: /\.less$/,use: ["style-loader", "css-loader", "less-loader"],},{test: /\.s[ac]ss$/,use: ["style-loader", "css-loader", "sass-loader"],},{test: /\.styl$/,use: ["style-loader", "css-loader", "stylus-loader"],},],},plugins: [],mode: "development",
};

4. 添加 Styl 资源

src/styl/index.styl

/* 可以省略大括号、分号、冒号 */
.box width 100px height 100px background-color pink

src/main.js

import { add } from "./math";
import count from "./js/count";
import sum from "./js/sum";
// 引入资源，Webpack才会对其打包
import "./css/index.css";
import "./less/index.less";
import "./sass/index.sass";
import "./sass/index.scss";
import "./styl/index.styl";console.log(count(2, 1));
console.log(sum(1, 2, 3, 4));

public/index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en"><head><meta charset="UTF-8" /><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /><title>webpack5</title></head><body><h1>Hello Webpack5</h1><!-- 准备一个使用样式的 DOM 容器 --><div class="box1"></div><div class="box2"></div><div class="box3"></div><div class="box4"></div><div class="box5"></div><script src="../dist/main.js"></script></body>
</html>