目录
前言
一、python+unittest框架实现登录功能
二、python+selenium实现登录功能
三、python+requests库实现登录功能
前言
今天主要想介绍python语言+不同的自动化测试框架的结合方式来模拟登录功能。想了解自动化测试框架的同学不要错过哦！
一、python+unittest框架实现登录功能
1.封装公共方法
在common目录下封装方法，具体代码如下：
import requests
class RequestHandler:def __init__(self):"""session管理器"""self.session = requests.session()def visit(self,method,url,params = None,data=None,json=None,headers=None):result = self.session.request(method,url,params=params,data=data,json=json,headers=headers,verify=False)try:#返回json结果print(result)return result.json()except Exception:return 'not json'def close_session(self):self.session.close()2.调用
创建文件：test_login.py，在文件中可结合allure报告实现登录的不同场景。具体代码如下：
import unittest
import allure
import os
import pytest
from common.requests_handler import RequestHandler@allure.epic("web自动化")
@allure.feature("登录功能")class TestLogin(unittest.TestCase):def setUp(self):#请求类实例化self.req = RequestHandler()def tearDown(self):self.req.close_session()@allure.severity("critical")@allure.title("正确的用户名、密码登录")def test_login_success(self):"""正确的用户名、密码"""with allure.step("step1:输入正确的用户名、密码"):print("输入正确的用户名、密码")with allure.step("step2:校验登录结果：登录成功"):print("登录成功")login_url = 'https://example.com/login'body = {"name":"test","password":"test1234"}res = self.req.visit('post',login_url,json=body)#根据请求结果中的code进行断言print(res)self.assertEqual(0,res['code'])@allure.title("错误的用户名、正确的密码登录")def test_login_wrong_name(self):"""错误的用户名、正确的密码"""with allure.step("step1:输入错误的用户名、正确的密码"):print("输入错误的用户名、正确的密码")with allure.step("step2:校验登录结果：登录失败，报错提示：用户不存在"):print("登录失败")login_url = 'https://example.com/login'body = {"name":"test1","password":"test1234"}res = self.req.visit('post', login_url, json=body)# 根据请求结果中的code进行断言self.assertEqual(16020, res['code'])#根据请求结果中的message进行断言self.assertEqual("用户不存在",res['message'])@allure.title("正确的用户名、错误的密码登录")def test_login_wrong_pwd(self):"""正确的用户名、错误的密码"""with allure.step("step1:输入正确的用户名、错误的密码"):print("输入正确的用户名、错误的密码")with allure.step("step2:校验登录结果：登录失败，报错提示：账号有误，登录失败"):print("登录失败")login_url = 'https://example.com/login'body = {"name":"test","password":"test12"}res = self.req.visit('post', login_url, json=body)# 根据请求结果中的code进行断言self.assertEqual(16002, res['code'])#根据请求结果中的message进行断言self.assertEqual("账号有误，登录失败",res['message'])if __name__ == '__main__':pytest.main(['-vs', 'test_login.py', '--clean-alluredir', '--alluredir=allure-results'])os.system(r"allure generate -c -o allure-report")二、python+selenium实现登录功能
1.selenium自动化
创建文件test_login.py文件，结合allure+selenium实现登录并获取cookies传递给后面的请求。具体代码如下：
import allure
import pytest
import os,time
import requests
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
timestamp = time.time()@allure.feature("web自动化测试")
@allure.title("登录")
def test_login():"""采用selenium框架登录获取cookie成功"""driver = webdriver.Chrome()# 窗口最大化driver.maximize_window()# 打开网页driver.get("https://example.com")time.sleep(2)#刷新页面driver.refresh()#截屏driver.get_screenshot_as_file("D:\\test\\1.jpg")# 实例化 By 类的对象by_xpath = By.XPATH# 元素获取及点击# 使用by_xpath 对象调用 xpath 方法driver.find_element(by=by_xpath, value="//input[@id = 'identifier']").send_keys("填具体的用户名")driver.find_element(by=by_xpath, value="//input[@id = 'password']").send_keys("填密码")driver.find_element(by=by_xpath, value=("//button[@class = 'ant-btn ant-btn-primary sc-htpNat guSfSS']")).click()time.sleep(5)#获取cookiescookies = driver.get_cookies()for cookie in cookies:print("%s -> %s" %(cookie['name'],cookie['value']))#cookies做拼接cookies_list = [cookie["name"] + "=" + cookie["value"] for cookie in driver.get_cookies()]cookies = ';'.join(it for it in cookies_list)print(cookies)"""新建文件夹"""createDir_url = '具体新建文件url'body = {"bucket": "common","project_id": project_id,"path": "test-mkdir","zone": zone}headers = {'Cookie': f'{cookies}','X-Box-Fe-Token': Token}res = requests.post(createDir_url, headers=headers, json=body)resp = res.json()print(resp)assert (0,resp['code'])"""删除文件夹"""deleteDir_url = '具体删除url'body = {"bucket": "common","project_id": project_id,"path": "test-mkdir","zone": zone}headers = {'Cookie': f'{cookies}','X-Box-Fe-Token': Token}res = requests.delete(deleteDir_url, headers=headers, json=body)data = res.json()print(data)assert (0,data['code'])#关闭浏览器driver.quit()if __name__ == '__main__':pytest.main(['-vs', 'test_login.py', '--clean-alluredir', '--alluredir=allure-results'])os.system(r"allure generate -c -o allure-report")三、python+requests库实现登录功能
1.封装公共方法
首先在common文件夹下封装公共方法，具体代码如下：
#!/usr/bin/env python
# _*_coding:utf-8_*_
import requestsfrom log.log_record import log_printdef post_main(url, data, header):"""post请求:param url::param data::param header::return:"""try:res = requests.post(url=url, json=data, headers=header)return res.json()except Exception as e:log_print().error(f"接口请求错误，请求参数：{data}，请求Url：{url}，请求结果：{res.json()}")def get_main(url, header):"""get请求:param url::param header::param param::return:"""try:res = requests.get(url=url, headers=header)return res.json()except Exception as e:log_print().info(f"接口请求错误，请求Url：{url}，请求结果：{res.json()}")def run_main(method, url, header, data=None):"""被调用主request:param method::param url::param header::param data::param file::return:"""try:res = Noneif method == 'post' or method == 'POST' or method == 'Post':res = post_main(url, data, header)elif method == 'get' or method == 'GET' or method == 'Get':res = get_main(url, header)else:log_print().error(f"请求方法：{method}格式错误")return resexcept Exception as e:log_print().error(f"请求方法报错{e}")if __name__ == '__main__':pass
2.调用
创建test_login.py文件，调用requests库方法实现登录。具体代码如下：
import requestsurl = 'https://example.com/login'
data = {'username': 'admin','password': '123456',
}response = requests.post(url, data=data)
print(response.content.decode("utf-8"))
headers = response.headers
print(headers.get('Set-Cookie'))介绍了上述内容，你学废了吗？
