| 一、环境准备 |
1、下载安装低版本的libaio包；libaio版本太高，会造成编译错误
查看libaio1库版本不能大于0.3.109
[oracle@s3 install]$ rpm -qa libaio
libaio-0.3.110-12.el8.x86_64# 查看欧拉操作系统版本
[oracle@localhost bin]$ cat /etc/os-release
NAME="openEuler"
VERSION="22.03 (LTS-SP1)"
ID="openEuler"
VERSION_ID="22.03"
PRETTY_NAME="openEuler 22.03 (LTS-SP1)"
ANSI_COLOR="0;31"
# 下载
wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/7.9.2009/os/x86_64/Packages/libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64.rpm# 备份原来的libaio.so.1
mv /usr/lib64/libaio.so.1.0.1 /usr/lib64/libaio.so.1.0.120240103# 解压
rpm2cpio libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64.rpm |cpio -idmv# 把解压后的文件拷贝到/usr/lib64下
cp -r /root/lib64/libaio.so.1 /usr/lib64
mv /root/lib64/libaio.so.1.0.1 /usr/lib64
2、修改系统时间
[root@localhost ~]# date -s “2022-05-09 09:11:40”[root@localhost ~]# hwclock -w
3、修改host，绑定主机名
修改 vim /etc/hosts文件
[root@localhost ~]# hostname
localhost.localdomain
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/hosts
192.168.9.138 localhost.localdomain
4、关闭selinux，设置SELINUX= enforcing 为SELINUX=disabled
setenforce 0
vim /etc/selinux/config
命令方式：sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
5、关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
| 二、安装配置 |
2.1、安装依赖
在线安装
yum install -y binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libXi libXtst make sysstat elfutils-libelf-devel unixODBC unixODBC-devel numactl-devel elfutils-libelf-devel-static pcre-devel离线安装：先找台公网机器下载
yum -y install binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libXi libXtst make sysstat elfutils-libelf-devel unixODBC unixODBC-devel numactl-devel elfutils-libelf-devel-static pcre-devel --downloadonly --downloaddir /root/rpm
2.2、添加oinstall 、dba 组，新建oracle用户并加入oinstall、dba组中
groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
passwd oracle
[root@localhost ~]# id oracle
2.3、修改内核参数
[root@localhost db]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf（在文件末尾添加）内容如下：fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576让参数生效：
/sbin/sysctl -p
2.4、配置Oracle用户参数
[root@localhost /]# vim /etc/security/limits.conf（在文件末尾添加）内容如下：
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
2.5、修改/etc/pam.d/login 文件
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/pam.d/login（在文件末尾添加）内容如下：
session required /lib64/security/pam_limits.so
session required pam_limits.so
2.6、修改/etc/profile 文件
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/profile
在如下位置添加：
……
unset i
unset -f pathmungeif [ $USER = "oracle" ]; thenif [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; thenulimit -p 16384ulimit -n 65536elseulimit -u 16384 -n 65536fifi
使之生效：
source /etc/profile
2.7、创建安装目录app&&静默安装目录etc
[root@localhost home]# mkdir -p /apps/oracle/app/
[root@localhost home]# mkdir -p /apps/oracle/etc/
[root@localhost home]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /apps/oracle
[root@localhost home]# chmod 775 /apps/oracle
2.8、上传oracle安装包到：/apps/oracle/app/下，并解压，会生成一个database目录
unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
拷贝/apps/oracle/app/database/response的.rsp文件到/apps/oracle/etc/目录下
2.9、添加环境变量
# 切换oracle用户
su oracle编辑环境变量，并生效
[oracle@localhost ~]$ vim /home/oracle/.bash_profile
[oracle@localhost ~]$ source .bash_profile内容如下：
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin
# oracle安装目录
export ORACLE_BASE=/apps/oracle/app
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0
# oracle实例SID名称
export ORACLE_SID=xwtechdb
# 同SID
export ORACLE_TERM=xwtechdb
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/sbin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export LANG=C
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8
# 同SID
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=xwtechdb
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export PATH
export SQLPATH=/apps/oracle/labs
| 三、部署 |
3.1、编辑/apps/oracle/etc/目录下db_install.rsp（根据实际编写）
oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=localhost
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/apps/oracle/app/oraInventory
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN,zh_TW
ORACLE_HOME=/apps/oracle/app/product/11.2.0
ORACLE_BASE=/apps/oracle/app
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
oracle.install.db.EEOptionsSelection=false
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=AL32UTF8
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=true
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableSecuritySettings=true
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
3.2、安装数据库
3.2.1、在路径：/apps/oracle/app/database下执行命令
./runInstaller -silent -force -responseFile /apps/oracle/etc/db_install.rsp -ignorePrereq
3.2.2、切换root用户，执行root.sh
[root@localhost database]$ sh /apps/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/root.sh
3.3、配置监听文件，并执行安装
3.3.1、编辑/apps/oracle/etc/目录下netca.rsp
[oracle@localhost database]$ vim /apps/oracle/etc/netca.rsp（文件末尾添加）
Parsing command line arguments:
Parameter "silent" = true
Parameter "responsefile" = /apps/oracle/etc/netca.rsp
Done parsing command line arguments.
Oracle Net Services Configuration:
Profile configuration complete.
Oracle Net Listener Startup:
Running Listener Control:
/apps/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER # 实际安装目录
Listener Control complete.
Listener started successfully.
Listener configuration complete.
Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0
3.3.2、安装：
cd /apps/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/bin
netca /silent /responsefile /apps/oracle/etc/netca.rsp
3.4、启动监听
先查看lsnrctl文件大小是否为0，如果为0，考虑lib64.so.1文件是否安装低版本
[oracle@localhost bin]$ ls -l lsnrctl
-rwxr-x--x 1 oracle oinstall 158440 Jan 3 13:53 lsnrctl
[oracle@localhost bin]$# 启动监听
[oracle@localhost bin]$ lsnrctl startLSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 03-JAN-2024 14:15:03Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.TNS-01106: Listener using listener name LISTENER has already been started
3.5、静默建库
3.5.1、编辑文件：vim /apps/oracle/etc/dbca.rsp
[GENERAL]
RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "11.2.0"
OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase"
[CREATEDATABASE]
GDBNAME = "xwtechdb" #数据库的名字,与环境变量配置保持一致
SID = "xwtechdb" #对应的实例名字,与环境变量配置保持一致
SYSPASSWORD = "sysdba" #SYS管理员密码
SYSTEMPASSWORD = "sysdba" #SYSTEM管理员密码
SYSMANPASSWORD = "sysdba"
DBSNMPPASSWORD = "sysdba"
CHARACTERSET = "ZHS16GBK"
3.5.2、执行建库命令：
cd /apps/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/bin
dbca -silent -responseFile /apps/oracle/etc/dbca.rsp
3.6、启动
# 复制启动文件：$oracle_base的pfile下的init.ora文件到$oracle_home的dbs下为init(数据库名).ora
cp /apps/oracle/app/admin/orcl11g/pfile/init.ora.032024142145 /apps/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbs/initxwtechdb.ora# 启动
[oracle@localhost bin]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.Total System Global Area 534462464 bytes
Fixed Size 2254952 bytes
Variable Size 218105752 bytes
Database Buffers 306184192 bytes
Redo Buffers 7917568 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL>
| 遇到错误： |
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.Total System Global Area 534462464 bytes
Fixed Size 2254952 bytes
Variable Size 218105752 bytes
Database Buffers 306184192 bytes
Redo Buffers 7917568 bytes
ORA-01102: cannot mount database in EXCLUSIVE mode
启动失败参考文档
https://blog.csdn.net/lzwgood/article/details/26368323
)
 -后端架构搭建)
