SpringBoot整合JWT+Spring Security+Redis实现登录拦截（二）权限认证

上篇博文中我们已经实现了登录拦截，接下来我们继续补充代码，实现权限的认证

一、RBAC权限模型

什么事RBAC权限模型？

RBAC权限模型（Role-Based Access Control）即：基于角色的权限访问控制。在RBAC中，权限与角色关联，用户通过赋予角色而获得相应角色的权限。故我们需要如下几张表：

用户表：系统接口及访问的操作者

权限表：能够访问某接口或者做某操作的授权资格

角色表：具有一类相同操作权限的用户的总称

用户角色表：用户角色相关联的表

角色权限表：角色与权限相关联的表

二、创建对应的数据库表

可根据项目需要增加或删减、修改对应的表字段

sys_user

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_user`;
CREATE TABLE `sys_user`  (`id` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT 'ID',`nick_name` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '昵称',`user_name` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户名',`gender` varchar(2) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '性别',`phone` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '手机号码',`email` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '邮箱',`role_id` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '角色ID',`is_admin` bit(1) NULL DEFAULT b'0' COMMENT '是否为admin账号',`password` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '密码',`enabled` bit(1) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '是否启用',`create_by` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '创建者',`update_by` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '更新者',`create_time` datetime(0) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '创建日期',`update_time` datetime(0) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '更新时间',PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci COMMENT = '系统用户' ROW_FORMAT = Compact;SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;

sys_role

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_role`;
CREATE TABLE `sys_role`  (`id` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT 'ID',`name` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '名称',`level` int(0) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '角色级别',`description` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '描述',`create_by` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '创建者',`update_by` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '更新者',`create_time` datetime(0) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '创建日期',`update_time` datetime(0) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '更新时间',PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci COMMENT = '角色表' ROW_FORMAT = Compact;SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;

sys_menu

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_menu`;
CREATE TABLE `sys_menu`  (`id` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT 'ID',`pid` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '上级菜单ID',`sub_count` int(0) NULL DEFAULT 0 COMMENT '子菜单数目',`type` int(0) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '菜单类型',`title` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '菜单标题',`menu_sort` int(0) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '排序',`icon` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '图标',`path` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '链接地址',`cache` bit(1) NULL DEFAULT b'0' COMMENT '缓存',`hidden` bit(1) NULL DEFAULT b'0' COMMENT '隐藏',`permission` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '权限',`create_by` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '创建者',`update_by` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '更新者',`create_time` datetime(0) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '创建日期',`update_time` datetime(0) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '更新时间',PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 118 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci COMMENT = '系统菜单' ROW_FORMAT = Compact;SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;

sys_user_role

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_users_roles`;
CREATE TABLE `sys_users_roles`  (`user_id` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '用户ID',`role_id` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '角色ID',PRIMARY KEY (`user_id`, `role_id`) USING BTREE,INDEX `user_id`(`user_id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci COMMENT = '用户角色关联' ROW_FORMAT = Compact;SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;

sys_role_menu

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sys_roles_menus`;
CREATE TABLE `sys_roles_menus`  (`role_id` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '角色ID',`menu_id` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '菜单ID',PRIMARY KEY (`role_id`, `menu_id`) USING BTREE,INDEX `FKcngg2qadojhi3a651a5adkvbq`(`role_id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci COMMENT = '角色菜单关联' ROW_FORMAT = Compact;SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;

三、生成5张基础表对应的Java代码

可自行书写或使用mybatis工具进行生成，也可参考之前的博文

mybatis-plus自动生成代码（整理版）_mybatisplus代码自动生成-CSDN博客文章浏览阅读111次。整理版，添加了注释模版，常用基础方法。也可直接替换成公共的或自己代码中自定义的。仅提供基础方法，可根据具体需求自行改造。仅提供基础方法，可根据具体需求自行改造。仅提供基础方法，可根据具体需求自行改造。_mybatisplus代码自动生成https://blog.csdn.net/shaogaiyue9745602/article/details/134525030?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502

四、鉴权实现

1.创建PermissionMapper.xml

变现sql根据用户ID查询角色对应的权限

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.hng.mapper.PermissionMapper"><select id="selectPermsByUserId" resultType="java.lang.String">SELECTDISTINCT m.permissionFROMsys_users_roles urLEFT JOIN sys_role r ON ur.role_id = r.idLEFT JOIN sys_roles_menus	rm ON ur.role_id = rm.role_idLEFT JOIN sys_menu m ON m.id = rm.menu_idWHEREuser_id = #{userId}</select>
</mapper>

2.创建PermissionMapper

package com.hng.mapper;import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.mapper.BaseMapper;
import com.hng.entity.SysMenu;import java.util.List;/*** <p>* 系统菜单 Mapper 接口* </p>** @author 郝南过* @since 2023-12-19*/
public interface PermissionMapper extends BaseMapper<SysMenu> {List<String> selectPermsByUserId(String userId);
}

3.改造SecurityUser

（1）改造构造函数增加权限集合

    private List<String> permissions;public SecurityUser(SysUser user, List<String> permissions) {this.user = user;this.permissions = permissions;}

（2）改造getAuthorities

    @Overridepublic Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities() {//将permissions中的String类型的权限信息封装成SimpleGrantedAuthority对象if(authorities!=null){return authorities;}authorities = permissions.stream().map(SimpleGrantedAuthority::new).collect(Collectors.toList());return authorities;}

4.改造UserDetailsServiceImpl

修改loadUserByUsername方法，使用Permission增加权限查询

package com.hng.config.security;import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.conditions.query.LambdaQueryWrapper;
import com.hng.config.exception.customize.EntityNotFoundException;
import com.hng.modules.system.entity.SysUser;
import com.hng.modules.system.mapper.PermissionMapper;
import com.hng.modules.system.mapper.SysMenuMapper;
import com.hng.modules.system.service.SysUserService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.security.access.AccessDeniedException;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.lang.reflect.Array;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Objects;/*** @Author: 郝南过* @Description: 将Security拦截的用户名密码改为数据库中已有的用户名密码,Security自己校验密码，默认使用PasswordEncoder,格式为{id}password（id代表加密方式），* 一般不采用此方式，SpringSecurity提供了BcryptPasswordEncoder,只需将此注入到spring容器中。SpringSecurity就会使用它进行替换校验* @Date: 2023/12/11 11:29* @Version: 1.0*/
@Service
@Slf4j
public class UserDetailsServiceImpl implements UserDetailsService {@Resourceprivate SysUserService sysUserService;@Resourceprivate PermissionMapper permissionMapper;@Overridepublic UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {//查询用户信息LambdaQueryWrapper<SysUser> queryWrapper = new LambdaQueryWrapper();queryWrapper.eq(SysUser::getUserName,username);SysUser user = sysUserService.getOne(queryWrapper);if(Objects.isNull(user)){throw new RuntimeException("用户名或密码错误");}//查询授权信息List<String> permissions = permissionMapper.selectPermsByUserId(user.getId());//判断用户是否是管理员，如果是管理员添加admin权限if(user.getIsAdmin()){permissions.add("admin");}return new SecurityUser(user,permissions);}
}

5.自定义权限检测

可直接使用已有的权限检测@PreAuthorize(“hasAuthority('自定义字符串')”)，hasAuthority是系统提供的，可直接使用，也可以自定义。以下为自定义，为方便直接判断admin用户，并给admin用户授予所有权限。

PermissionConfig

package com.hng.config.security;import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolder;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;/*** 自定义权限检测*/
@Component(value = "ex")
public class PermissionConfig {public Boolean check(String... permissions) {// 获取当前用户的所有权限Authentication authentication = SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication();SecurityUser securityUser = (SecurityUser) authentication.getPrincipal();List<String> exPermissions = securityUser.getPermissions();// 判断当前用户的所有权限是否包含接口上定义的权限return exPermissions.contains("admin") || Arrays.stream(permissions).anyMatch(exPermissions::contains);}
}

6.在SecurityConfig中添加注解

@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true)//开启权限权限认证

7.在Cotroller中添加对应的权限字符

如果未自定义权限检测使用注解@PreAuthorize(“hasAuthority('自定义字符串')”)，本篇博文中的例子已经自定义为@PreAuthorize("@ex.check('自定义字符串')")

SysUserController 示例

package com.hng.controller;import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation;
import com.hng.config.response.ResponseResult;
import org.springframework.validation.annotation.Validated;
import org.springframework.security.access.prepost.PreAuthorize;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import io.swagger.annotations.Api;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import java.util.List;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiParam;import com.hng.entity.SysUser;
import com.hng.service.SysUserService;/*** <p>* 系统用户 前端控制器* </p>*/
@Slf4j
@Api(value = "SysUser", tags = "SysUser")
@RestController
@RequiredArgsConstructor //Lombok的一个注解，简化@Autowired
@RequestMapping("/sys-user")
public class SysUserController {private final SysUserService sysUserService;@PostMapping("/getList")@ApiOperation("sysUser列表查询")@PreAuthorize("@ex.check('SysUser:list')")public ResponseResult queryAllSysUser(@Validated @RequestBody SysUser sysUser){List<SysUser> list = sysUserService.queryAll(sysUser);return ResponseResult.success(list);}@PostMapping("/add")@ApiOperation("新增SysUser")@PreAuthorize("@ex.check('SysUser:add')")public ResponseResult addSysUser(@Validated @RequestBody SysUser sysUser){sysUserService.addSysUser(sysUser);return ResponseResult.success();}/*** 根据ID查询数据* @param id ID*/@GetMapping("getById/{id}")@ApiOperation("sysUser根据Id查询")@ResponseBody@PreAuthorize("@ex.check('SysUser:getById')")public ResponseResult getById(@PathVariable Integer id) {return ResponseResult.success(sysUserService.getSysUserById(id));}/*** 更新数据* @param sysUser 实体对象*/@PutMapping("update")@ApiOperation("sysUser更新")@ResponseBody@PreAuthorize("@ex.check('SysUser:edit')")public ResponseResult update(@Validated @RequestBody SysUser sysUser) {sysUserService.updateSysUser(sysUser);return ResponseResult.success();}/*** 删除数据* @param id ID*/@DeleteMapping("delete/{id}")@ApiOperation("sysUser根据Id删除")@ResponseBody@PreAuthorize("@ex.check('SysUser:del')")public ResponseResult delete(@PathVariable Integer id) {sysUserService.deleteSysUser(id);return ResponseResult.success();}}