不同Page 间导航,实现页面跳转
AbilitySlice作为Page的内部单元,以Action的形式对外暴露,因此可以通过配置Intent的Action导航到目标AbilitySlice。Page间的导航可以使用startAbility()或startAbilityForResult()方法,获得返回结果的回调为onAbilityResult()。在Ability中调用setResult()可以设置返回结果。详细用法可参考根据Operation的其他属性启动应用中的示例。
根据Ability的全称启动应用
通过构造包含BundleName与AbilityName的Operation对象,可以启动一个Ability、并导航到该Ability。示例代码如下:
Intent intent = new Intent();// 通过Intent中的OperationBuilder类构造operation对象,指定设备标识(空串表示当前设备)、应用包名、Ability名称
Operation operation = new Intent.OperationBuilder().withDeviceId("").withBundleName("com.demoapp").withAbilityName("com.demoapp.FooAbility").build();// 把operation设置到intent中
intent.setOperation(operation);
startAbility(intent);
作为处理请求的对象,会在相应的回调方法中接收请求方传递的Intent对象。以导航到另一个Ability为例,导航的目标Ability可以在其onStart()回调的参数中获得Intent对象。
根据Operation的其他属性启动应用
有些场景下,开发者需要在应用中使用其他应用提供的某种能力,而不感知提供该能力的具体是哪一个应用。例如开发者需要通过浏览器打开一个链接,而不关心用户最终选择哪一个浏览器应用,则可以通过Operation的其他属性(除BundleName与AbilityName之外的属性)描述需要的能力。如果设备上存在多个应用提供同种能力,系统则弹出候选列表,由用户选择由哪个应用处理请求。以下示例展示使用Intent跨Ability查询天气信息。
请求方
在Ability中构造Intent以及包含Action的Operation对象,并调用startAbilityForResult()方法发起请求。然后重写onAbilityResult()回调方法,对请求结果进行处理。
private void queryWeather() {Intent intent = new Intent();Operation operation = new Intent.OperationBuilder().withAction(Intent.ACTION_QUERY_WEATHER).build();intent.setOperation(operation);startAbilityForResult(intent, REQ_CODE_QUERY_WEATHER);
}@Override
protected void onAbilityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent resultData) {switch (requestCode) {case REQ_CODE_QUERY_WEATHER:// Do something with result....return;default:...}
}
处理方
1.作为处理请求的对象,首先需要在配置文件中声明对外提供的能力,以便系统据此找到自身并作为候选的请求处理者。
{"module": {..."abilities": [{..."skills":[{"actions":["ability.intent.QUERY_WEATHER"]}]...}]...}...
}
2.在Ability中配置路由以便支持以此action导航到对应的AbilitySlice。
@Override
protected void onStart(Intent intent) {...addActionRoute(Intent.ACTION_QUERY_WEATHER, DemoSlice.class.getName());...
}
3.在Ability中处理请求,并调用setResult()方法暂存返回结果。
@Override
protected void onActive() {...Intent resultIntent = new Intent();setResult(0, resultIntent); //0为当前Ability销毁后返回的resultCode。...
}
//==========================================
实例测试:
1.首先创建Empty Ability(Java)的AbilityJump工程,运行出现如下界面:
2.在MainAbility.java同级别添加NewAbility.java文件,在slice文件夹下添加NewAbilitySlice.java文件,在layout文件夹下添加ability_new.xml文件。
NewAbility.java
package com.example.abilityjump;import com.example.abilityjump.slice.NewAbilitySlice;
import ohos.aafwk.ability.Ability;
import ohos.aafwk.content.Intent;public class NewAbility extends Ability {@Overridepublic void onStart(Intent intent) {super.onStart(intent);super.setMainRoute(NewAbilitySlice.class.getName());}
}
NewAbilitySlice.java
package com.example.abilityjump.slice;import com.example.abilityjump.ResourceTable;
import ohos.aafwk.ability.AbilitySlice;
import ohos.aafwk.content.Intent;public class NewAbilitySlice extends AbilitySlice {@Overridepublic void onStart(Intent intent) {super.onStart(intent);super.setUIContent(ResourceTable.Layout_ability_new);}@Overridepublic void onActive() {super.onActive();}@Overridepublic void onForeground(Intent intent) {super.onForeground(intent);}
}
ability_new.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<DirectionalLayoutxmlns:ohos="http://schemas.huawei.com/res/ohos"ohos:height="match_parent"ohos:width="match_parent"ohos:alignment="center"ohos:orientation="vertical"><Textohos:id="$+id:text_new"ohos:height="match_content"ohos:width="match_content"ohos:background_element="$graphic:background_ability_main"ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center"ohos:text="$string:mainability_new"ohos:text_size="40vp"/></DirectionalLayout>
3.在中文string.json添加
{
“name”: “mainability_new”,
“value”: “目标测试”
}
string.json
{"string": [{"name": "entry_MainAbility","value": "entry_MainAbility"},{"name": "mainability_description","value": "Java_Empty Ability"},{"name": "mainability_HelloWorld","value": "你好,世界"},{"name": "mainability_new","value": "目标测试"}]
}
4.在config.json中"abilities"注册NewAbility
config.json
{"app": {"bundleName": "com.example.abilityjump","vendor": "example","version": {"code": 1000000,"name": "1.0.0"}},"deviceConfig": {},"module": {"package": "com.example.abilityjump","name": ".MyApplication","mainAbility": "com.example.abilityjump.MainAbility","deviceType": ["phone"],"distro": {"deliveryWithInstall": true,"moduleName": "entry","moduleType": "entry","installationFree": true},"abilities": [{"skills": [{"entities": ["entity.system.home"],"actions": ["action.system.home"]}],"orientation": "unspecified","name": "com.example.abilityjump.MainAbility","icon": "$media:icon","description": "$string:mainability_description","label": "$string:entry_MainAbility","type": "page","launchType": "standard"},{"skills": [{"actions": ["action.new"]}],"orientation": "unspecified","name": "com.example.abilityjump.NewAbility","icon": "$media:icon","description": "$string:mainability_description","label": "$string:entry_MainAbility","type": "page","launchType": "standard"}]}
}
5.此时编译运行,应该没有错误,还是出现下面效果:
6.设置文本点击事件导航到另外一个Ability页面
参数发送端
MainAbilitySlice.java
package com.example.abilityjump.slice;import com.example.abilityjump.ResourceTable;
import ohos.aafwk.ability.AbilitySlice;
import ohos.aafwk.content.Intent;
import ohos.aafwk.content.Operation;
import ohos.agp.components.Text;public class MainAbilitySlice extends AbilitySlice {@Overridepublic void onStart(Intent intent) {super.onStart(intent);super.setUIContent(ResourceTable.Layout_ability_main);//获取文本对象Text text = (Text)findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_text_helloworld);//设置文本的点击事件text.setClickedListener(component -> {Intent intent1 = new Intent();intent1.setParam("data","新页面");Operation operation = new Intent.OperationBuilder().withAction("action.new").build();intent1.setOperation(operation);startAbility(intent1);});}@Overridepublic void onActive() {super.onActive();}@Overridepublic void onForeground(Intent intent) {super.onForeground(intent);}
}
参数接收端
NewAbilitySlice.java
package com.example.abilityjump.slice;import com.example.abilityjump.ResourceTable;
import ohos.aafwk.ability.AbilitySlice;
import ohos.aafwk.content.Intent;
import ohos.agp.components.Text;public class NewAbilitySlice extends AbilitySlice {Text text;String oldString;@Overridepublic void onStart(Intent intent) {super.onStart(intent);super.setUIContent(ResourceTable.Layout_ability_new);//获取文本对象Text text = (Text)findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_text_new);oldString = text.getText();//设置新文本text.setText(oldString + "," + intent.getStringParam("data"));}@Overridepublic void onActive() {super.onActive();}@Overridepublic void onForeground(Intent intent) {super.onForeground(intent);}
}
7.运行程序,效果如下:
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