centos7磁盘逻辑分区命令_CentOS7 磁盘分区（主分区、扩展分区和逻辑分区）的创建、挂载与删除...

创建磁盘分区

查看磁盘分区情况：fdisk -l

[root@model ~]# fdisk -l //查看系统中所有磁盘的分区列表

Disk/dev/sda: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200sectors

Units= sectors of 1 * 512 = 512bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512bytes

Disk label type: dos

Disk identifier:0x000da34bDevice Boot Start End Blocks Id System/dev/sda1 * 2048 591871 294912 83Linux/dev/sda2 591872 189335551 94371840 83Linux/dev/sda3 189335552 209715199 101898248e Linux LVM

Disk/dev/sdb: 1099.5 GB, 1099511627776 bytes, 2147483648sectors //sdb磁盘未分区，1099.5GB

Units= sectors of 1 * 512 = 512bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512bytes

Disk label type: dos

Disk identifier:0x3238f946Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

Disk/dev/mapper/centos-swap: 8334 MB, 8334082048 bytes, 16277504sectors

Units= sectors of 1 * 512 = 512bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 65536 bytes / 65536 bytes

创建主分区

[root@model ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remaininmemory only, until you decide to write them.

Be careful beforeusingthe write command.

Command (mforhelp): m //查看菜单信息

Command action

a toggle a bootable flag

b edit bsd disklabel

c toggle the dos compatibility flag

d delete a partition

g create anewempty GPT partition table

G create an IRIX (SGI) partition table

l list known partition types

m printthismenu

n add anewpartition

o create anewempty DOS partition table

p print the partition table

q quit without saving changes

s create anewempty Sun disklabel

t change a partition's system id

u change display/entry units

v verify the partition table

w write table to disk and exit

x extra functionality (experts only)

Command (mforhelp): n //新增分区

Partition type:

p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4free) //主分区

e extended //扩展分区

Select (defaultp): p

Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1 //选择分区号，范围为1~4(主分区和扩展分区加起来最多只能建立 4 个，而扩展分区最多只能建立 1 个)，这里选择1

First sector (2048-2147483647, default 2048): 2048 //分区的起始扇面，默认从2048开始Last sector,+sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-2147483647, default 2147483647): +10G //指定该磁盘分区的大小，默认占用整个磁盘；这里用 +size{K,M,G} 命令指定 10G

Partition1 of type Linux and of size 10 GiB is setCommand (mforhelp): p //打印当前磁盘的分区列表

Disk/dev/sdb: 1099.5 GB, 1099511627776 bytes, 2147483648sectors

Units= sectors of 1 * 512 = 512bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512bytes

Disk label type: dos

Disk identifier:0x3238f946Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System/dev/sdb1 2048 20973567 10485760 83Linux

Command (mforhelp): w //将本次配置写入硬盘

The partition table has been altered!Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.

[root@model ~]# lsblk //lsblk 列表查看block分区

NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT

fd0 2:0 1 4K 0 disk

sda 8:0 0 100G 0 disk

├─sda1 8:1 0 288M 0 part /boot

├─sda2 8:2 0 90G 0 part /

└─sda3 8:3 0 9.7G 0 part

├─centos-pool00_tmeta 253:0 0 8M 0 lvm

│ └─centos-pool00-tpool 253:2 0 7.8G 0 lvm

│ ├─centos-swap 253:3 0 7.8G 0 lvm [SWAP]

│ └─centos-pool00 253:4 0 7.8G 1 lvm

└─centos-pool00_tdata 253:1 0 7.8G 0 lvm

└─centos-pool00-tpool 253:2 0 7.8G 0 lvm

├─centos-swap 253:3 0 7.8G 0 lvm [SWAP]

└─centos-pool00 253:4 0 7.8G 1 lvm

sdb 8:16 0 1T 0 disk

└─sdb1 8:17 0 10G 0 part //找到新建的分区/dev/sdb1

sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom

新建的分区还没有格式化和挂载，所以还不能使用。用上述方法依次创建2、3号主分区，并预留4号分区作为扩展分区。

创建扩展分区

[root@model ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.

Be careful before using the write command.

Command (m for help): n //新建分区

Partition type:

p primary (3 primary, 0 extended, 1 free)

e extended

Select (default e): e //选择扩展分区

Selected partition 4

First sector (62916608-2147483647, default 62916608): //默认起始扇面

Using default value 62916608

Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (62916608-2147483647, default 2147483647): //默认将剩余全部空间分配给该扩展分区

Using default value 2147483647

Partition 4 of type Extended and of size 994 GiB is set

Command (m for help): w //将本次设置写入磁盘

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.

这里把 /dev/sdb 硬盘的所有剩余空间都建立为扩展分区，也就是建立 3 个主分区，剩余空间都建立成扩展分区，再于扩展分区中建立逻辑分区。扩展分区是不能被格式化和直接使用的，所以还要在扩展分区内部再建立逻辑分区。

创建逻辑分区

[root@model ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remaininmemory only, until you decide to write them.

Be careful beforeusingthe write command.

Command (mforhelp): n //新建分区

All primary partitions areinuse

Adding logical partition5 //所有主分区已分配完，默认新建逻辑分区，从分区号从 5 开始First sector (62918656-2147483647, default 62918656): //起始扇面

Usingdefault value 62918656Last sector,+sectors or +size{K,M,G} (62918656-2147483647, default 2147483647): +5G //指定逻辑分区的大小为 5G

Partition5 of type Linux and of size 5 GiB is setCommand (mforhelp): w //保存设置

The partition table has been altered!Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.

所有分区过程中如果不保存并退出是不会生效的，所以建立错了也没有关系，使用 q 命令不保存退出即可。如果使用了 w 命令，就会保存退出。有时因为系统的分区表正忙，所以需要重新启动系统才能使新的分区表生效。

格式化分区

[root@model ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/sdb1 //将分区/dev/sdb1的文件类型格式化为xfs

mke2fs1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)

Filesystem label=OS type: Linux

Block size=4096 (log=2)

Fragment size=4096 (log=2)

Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0blocks655360 inodes, 2621440blocks131072 blocks (5.00%) reserved forthe super user

First data block=0Maximum filesystem blocks=2151677952

80block groups32768 blocks per group, 32768fragments per group8192inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks:32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632Allocating group tables: done

Writing inode tables: done

Creating journal (32768blocks): done

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done------------- 修改磁盘分区的文件类型 -----------------[root@model~]# blkid /dev/sdb6 //查看 /dev/sdb6 的 UUID 和文件类型/dev/sdb6: UUID="89f4f8e4-0592-4e91-9064-7388152fec32" TYPE="xfs"[root@model~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb6 //将逻辑分区的文件类型从 xfs 修改为 ext4, 如果是从 ext4 修改为 xfs 需要在命令后加 ‘-f’ 强制修改

mke2fs1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)

Filesystem label=OS type: Linux

Block size=4096 (log=2)

Fragment size=4096 (log=2)

Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0blocks327680 inodes, 1310720blocks65536 blocks (5.00%) reserved forthe super user

First data block=0Maximum filesystem blocks=1342177280

40block groups32768 blocks per group, 32768fragments per group8192inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks:32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736Allocating group tables: done

Writing inode tables: done

Creating journal (32768blocks): done

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

[root@model~]# blkid /dev/sdb6/dev/sdb6: UUID="846373a4-35b0-4988-9574-a508da3906f2" TYPE="ext4"

挂载磁盘分区

[root@model ~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /usr/exdata1 //将 /dev/sdb1 磁盘分区挂载到新建的挂载点 /usr/exdata1 上

[root@model~]# df -T -h | grep /dev/sdb1 //查看该分区是否已挂载

Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use%Mounted on

/dev/sdb1 ext4 9.8G 37M 9.2G 1% /usr/exdata1

[root@model~]# vim /etc/fstab //修改fstab配置文件，将该磁盘分区设置为开机自动挂载

# Add command by Kay.sunin 2020/9/29 16:58 //在配置文件中添加一行命令

/dev/sdb1 /usr/exdata1 xfs defaults 1 2 ///dev/sdb1 选择一个分区；xfs 是当前分区的格式; defaults = rw, suid, dev, exec, auto, nouser, and async; 1 需要 dump；0 不需要 dump; 2 开机时检查顺序，非 boot 文件系统为 1，其它文件系统都为 2

[root@model~]# df -h | grep /dev/sdb1//重启后再次查看分区挂载情况，发现已经自动挂载~]# umount /usr/

删除磁盘分区

[root@model ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remaininmemory only, until you decide to write them.

Be careful beforeusingthe write command.

Command (mforhelp): d //删除分区

Partition number (1-6, default 6): 6 //选择待删除的分区号Partition6 isdeletedCommand (mforhelp): w //保存设置

The partition table has been altered!Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.