前言:
博客系统中需要邮件服务的功能,以前写过类似的功能,不过功能太简单了,仅仅是发送文本内容,现在尝试一下发送内嵌图片邮件!
准备工作:
请参考:http://www.cnblogs.com/hujunzheng/p/4792831.html
整体效果:
发送端:网易邮箱;接收端:qq邮箱。
1.web前端
2.在网易邮箱“已发送”中可以看见通过java代码发送的邮件
3.同样在qq邮箱中也可以看到这样的效果
实现过程:
1.web前端(bootstrap布局)
<form action="mailAction!sendMail" method="post" name="mailForm" id="mailFormId"><ul class="list-group"><li class="list-group-item"><div class="input-group"><span class="input-group-addon" id="basic-addon1">姓名:</span><input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="your name" name="mailForm.name" aria-describedby="basic-addon1"></div></li><li class="list-group-item"><div class="input-group"><span class="input-group-addon" id="basic-addon2">电话:</span><input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="your phone" name="mailForm.phone" aria-describedby="basic-addon1"></div></li><li class="list-group-item"><div class="input-group"><span class="input-group-addon" id="basic-addon2">邮件:</span><input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="your e-mail" name="mailForm.e_mail" aria-describedby="basic-addon1"></div></li><li class="list-group-item" style="padding-top: 20px;"><span class="label label-default blog-label-1">消息:</span><br><br><textarea rows="10" style="width:100%" name="mailForm.content" placeholder="请输入消息(不要超过500个字符)"></textarea></li><li class="list-group-item"><center><button onclick="$('#mailFormId').submit();" type="button" class="btn btn-success">发送邮件</button></center></li></ul> </form>
2.首先准备一个XML的模板(<xml-body>包含的是邮件的html格式的文本)。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!-- 将空格换成全角的空格,就可以保证html不会将空格过滤掉 --> <xml-body><html><head></head><body style="margin: 0; padding: 0;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%"> <tbody><tr><td style="padding: 10px 0 30px 0;"><table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="600" style="border: 1px solid #cccccc; border-collapse: collapse;"><tbody><tr><td align="center" bgcolor="#70bbd9" style="padding: 40px 0 30px 0; color: #153643; font-size: 28px; font-weight: bold; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><img src="cid:{4}" alt="Creating Email Magic" width="300" height="230" style="display: block;"/></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding: 40px 30px 40px 30px;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%"><tbody><tr><td style="color: #153643; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px;"><b>发件人: {0}<br/>电话: {1}<br/>邮箱: {2}<br/>内容:<br/></b></td></tr><tr><td style="padding: 20px 0 30px 0; color: #153643; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 20px;">{3}</td></tr><tr><td><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%"><tbody><tr><td width="260" valign="top"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%"><tbody><tr><td><img src="cid:{5}" alt="" width="100%" height="140" style="display: block;"/></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td style="font-size: 0; line-height: 0;" width="20"></td><td width="260" valign="top"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%"><tbody><tr><td><img src="cid:{6}" alt="" width="100%" height="140" style="display: block;"/></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td bgcolor="#ee4c50" style="padding: 30px 30px 30px 30px;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%"><tbody><tr><td align="right" width="25%"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold;"><img src="cid:{7}" alt="Twitter" width="38" height="38" style="display: block;" border="0"/></td><td style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold;"><img src="cid:{8}" alt="Facebook" width="38" height="38" style="display: block;" border="0"/></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></body></html> </xml-body>
其中模板中会有一些标识符,如{i},表还是字符串的预留位置,然后通过MessageFormat格式化这样的消息,然后将格式化后的字符串插入到模式中的适当位置。
//得到XML的模板 String XML_path = ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getRealPath("/mailTemplate")+"/myMailTemplete.xml"; String str=new ReaderXML().read(XML_path); Object[] obj=new Object[]{mailForm.getName(), mailForm.getPhone(), mailForm.getE_mail(), mailForm.getContent(), "e_mail", "left", "right", "tw", "fb"}; //MessageFormat可以格式化这样的消息,然后将格式化后的字符串插入到模式中的适当位置 String tcontent = MessageFormat.format(str, obj);
最终XML模板中的{i}分别被obj[i]替换了。
3.写一个对XML模板的类ReaderXML
public class ReaderXML {public String read(String path){
String str=null;
str=reader(path); return str;} private String reader(String path){ SAXReader reader=new SAXReader();String str=null; try { Document d=reader.read(new File(path));Element e=d.getRootElement();Element htmle=e.element("html");str=htmle.asXML();} catch (DocumentException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return str;} }
4.最后就是我们的控制器类MailAction
在 HTML 格式的正文中内含图片是使用MimeBodyPart类的setContentID() 方法设置对应的资源文件的唯一标识符,即 MIME 协议对于邮件的结构组织格式中的 Content-ID 头字段,对应着XML模板中的cid:{i}标识, 如<img src="cid:{8}"/>(注:{i}会通过MessageFormat.format替换成对应的字符串)
public class MailAction extends ActionSupport{private MailForm mailForm;public MailForm getMailForm() {return mailForm;}public void setMailForm(MailForm mailForm) {this.mailForm = mailForm;}//添加内嵌图片private MimeBodyPart createImageMimeBodyPart(String imageName) throws MessagingException, UnsupportedEncodingException{FileDataSource fds=new FileDataSource(ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getRealPath("/image")+"/" + imageName + ".gif"); MimeBodyPart mbp=new MimeBodyPart(); DataHandler dh=new DataHandler(fds); mbp.setDataHandler(dh); //设置对应的资源文件的唯一标识符,即 MIME 协议对于邮件的结构组织格式中的 Content-ID 头字段;mbp.setHeader("Content-ID", imageName);mbp.setFileName(MimeUtility.encodeText(fds.getName())); return mbp;}public String sendMail(){try {HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();String pwd = "************";//发件人邮箱密码String mailfrom = "***********@163.com"; //网易的邮箱String wangyiFrom = mailfrom.substring(0, mailfrom.indexOf('@'));//网易邮箱的用户名String tu = "163.com"; //发件人邮箱的后缀域名String tto= "**********@qq.com"; //接收邮件的邮箱String ttitle= "有人联系你---来自胡峻峥的个人网站";//根据其物理路径,得到XML的模板String XML_path = ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getRealPath("/mailTemplate")+"/myMailTemplete.xml"; String str=new ReaderXML().read(XML_path); Object[] obj=new Object[]{mailForm.getName(), mailForm.getPhone(), mailForm.getE_mail(), mailForm.getContent(), "e_mail", "left", "right", "tw", "fb"}; //MessageFormat可以格式化这样的消息,然后将格式化后的字符串插入到模式中的适当位置String tcontent = MessageFormat.format(str, obj);Properties props=new Properties();props.put("mail.smtp.host","smtp."+tu);//邮箱SMTP服务器地址端口 props.put("mail.smtp.auth","true");//这样才能通过验证 Session s=Session.getInstance(props);s.setDebug(true);MimeMessage message=new MimeMessage(s);//给消息对象设置发件人/收件人/主题/发信时间 InternetAddress from;from = new InternetAddress(mailfrom);//发件人的qq邮箱 message.setFrom(from);InternetAddress to=new InternetAddress(tto);//收件人的邮箱 message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,to);message.setSubject(ttitle);message.setSentDate(new Date());//给消息对象设置内容BodyPart mbp=new MimeBodyPart();//新建一个存放信件内容的BodyPart对象mbp.setContent(tcontent,"text/html;charset=gb2312");//给BodyPart对象设置内容和格式/编码方式// 用于组合文本和图片,"related"型的MimeMultipart对象 Multipart mm=new MimeMultipart("related");//新建一个MimeMultipart对象用来存放BodyPart对象(事实上可以存放多个)mm.addBodyPart(mbp);//将BodyPart加入到MimeMultipart对象中(可以加入多个BodyPart)//添加图片mm.addBodyPart(createImageMimeBodyPart("e_mail"));mm.addBodyPart(createImageMimeBodyPart("left"));mm.addBodyPart(createImageMimeBodyPart("right"));mm.addBodyPart(createImageMimeBodyPart("tw"));mm.addBodyPart(createImageMimeBodyPart("fb"));message.setContent(mm);//把mm作为消息对象的内容 message.saveChanges();Transport transport=s.getTransport("smtp");transport.connect("smtp."+tu, wangyiFrom, pwd); //这里的wangyiFrom为发件人网易账号 transport.sendMessage(message,message.getAllRecipients());transport.close();ActionContext.getContext().getSession().put("operations", "邮件发送成功, 请耐心等待回复!");} catch (Exception e) {System.out.println(e.toString());ActionContext.getContext().getSession().put("errors", e.toString());return "errors";} return "sendMail";} }
最后附上前端图片:
参考Spring中邮件发送
Spring各种邮件发送