centos安装rabbitmq_【SpringBoot MQ系列教程】RabbitMq 初体验

SpringBoot 系列教程之 RabbitMq 初体验mp.weixin.qq.com

mq 在异步解耦削峰的优势非常突出，现在很多的项目都会用到，掌握 mq 的知识点，了解如何顺畅的使用 mq，可以说是一个必备的职业技能点了

接下来我们进入 rabbitmq 的学习过程

I. 环境准备

在测试之前，需要安装 rabbitmq，下面分别给出 mac + centos 的安装教程

1. mac 安装

安装命令

brew install rabbitmq## 进入安装目录
cd /usr/local/Cellar/rabbitmq/3.7.5# 启动
brew services start rabbitmq
# 当前窗口启动
rabbitmq-server

启动控制台之前需要先开启插件

./rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management

进入控制台: http://localhost:15672/

用户名和密码：guest,guest

2. centos 安装

安装命令

yum install erlang
wget http://www.rabbitmq.com/releases/rabbitmq-server/v3.6.15/rabbitmq-server-3.6.15-1.el6.noarch.rpm
yum install rabbitmq-server-3.6.15-1.el6.noarch.rpm

插件开启

rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
# 启动
rabbitmq-server -detached

3. 配置

添加账号，设置权限

## 添加账号
./rabbitmqctl add_user admin admin
## 添加访问权限
./rabbitmqctl set_permissions -p "/" admin ".*" ".*" ".*"
## 设置超级权限
./rabbitmqctl set_user_tags admin administrator

4. 项目环境

接下我们创建一个 SpringBoot 项目，用于简单的体验一下 rabbitmq 的发布和消费消息

springboot 版本为2.2.1.RELEASE
rabbitmq 版本为 3.7.5

依赖配置文件 pom.xml

<parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>2.2.1.RELEASE</version><relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent><properties><project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding><project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding><java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency>
</dependencies><build><pluginManagement><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId></plugin></plugins></pluginManagement>
</build>
<repositories><repository><id>spring-snapshots</id><name>Spring Snapshots</name><url>https://repo.spring.io/libs-snapshot-local</url><snapshots><enabled>true</enabled></snapshots></repository><repository><id>spring-milestones</id><name>Spring Milestones</name><url>https://repo.spring.io/libs-milestone-local</url><snapshots><enabled>false</enabled></snapshots></repository><repository><id>spring-releases</id><name>Spring Releases</name><url>https://repo.spring.io/libs-release-local</url><snapshots><enabled>false</enabled></snapshots></repository>
</repositories>

在application.yml配置文件中，添加 rabbitmq 的相关属性

spring:rabbitmq:virtual-host: /username: adminpassword: adminport: 5672

II. 实例演示

接下来我们看一个hello world版本的 rabbitmq 的使用姿势，一个简单发布消息、消费消息

1. 发布消息

消息发布，我们主要借助AmqpTemplate来实现

@Component
public class PublishDemo {@Autowiredprivate AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;public String publish2mq(String ans) {String msg = "hello world = " + ans;System.out.println("publish: " + msg);amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(Pkg.exchange, Pkg.routing, msg);return msg;}
}

上面的 case 中，主要方法在于amqpTemplate#convertAndSend，第一个参数为 exchangeName, 第二个为 routingKey

常量配置如下

class Pkg {final static String exchange = "topic.e";final static String routing = "r";final static String queue = "topic.a";
}

2. 消费消息

消费消息，需要指定 Queue，通过 routingKey 绑定 exchange，如下

@Service
public class ConsumerDemo {@RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(value = @Queue(value = Pkg.queue, durable = "false", autoDelete = "true"),exchange = @Exchange(value = Pkg.exchange, ignoreDeclarationExceptions = "true",type = ExchangeTypes.TOPIC), key = Pkg.routing))public void consumer(String msg) {System.out.println("consumer msg: " + msg);}
}

3. 测试 demo

写一个简单的 rest 接口，用于接收参数，发布消息到 mq，并被ConsumerDemo消费

@RestController
public class PubRest {@Autowiredprivate PublishDemo publishDemo;@GetMapping(path = {"", "/", "/publish"})public String publish(String name) {return publishDemo.publish2mq(name);}
}