JAVA实现AES 解密报错Input length must be multiple of 16 when decrypting with padded cipher

加密代码

        /*** 加密* * @param content 需要加密的内容* @param password  加密密码* @return*/public static byte[] encrypt(String content, String password) {try {           KeyGenerator kgen = KeyGenerator.getInstance("AES");kgen.init(128, new SecureRandom(password.getBytes()));SecretKey secretKey = kgen.generateKey();byte[] enCodeFormat = secretKey.getEncoded();SecretKeySpec key = new SecretKeySpec(enCodeFormat, "AES");Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES");// 创建密码器byte[] byteContent = content.getBytes("utf-8");cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, key);// 初始化byte[] result = cipher.doFinal(byteContent);return result; // 加密} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (InvalidKeyException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (BadPaddingException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return null;}

解密代码

        /**解密* 解密的时候要传入byte数组* @param content  待解密内容* @param password 解密密钥* @return*/public static byte[] decrypt(byte[] content, String password) {try {KeyGenerator kgen = KeyGenerator.getInstance("AES");kgen.init(128, new SecureRandom(password.getBytes()));SecretKey secretKey = kgen.generateKey();byte[] enCodeFormat = secretKey.getEncoded();SecretKeySpec key = new SecretKeySpec(enCodeFormat, "AES");            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES");// 创建密码器cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key);// 初始化byte[] result = cipher.doFinal(content);return result; // 加密} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (InvalidKeyException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (BadPaddingException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return null;}

测试代码

           String content = "test";String password = "12345678";//加密System.out.println("加密前：" + content);byte[] encryptResult = encrypt(content, password);//解密byte[] decryptResult = decrypt(encryptResult,password);System.out.println("解密后：" + new String(decryptResult));

输出结果如下：
加密前：test
解密后：test

容易出错的地方：
如果我们将测试代码修改一下，如下：

           String content = "test";String password = "12345678";//加密System.out.println("加密前：" + content);byte[] encryptResult = encrypt(content, password);try {String encryptResultStr = new String(encryptResult,"utf-8");//解密byte[] decryptResult = decrypt(encryptResultStr.getBytes("utf-8"),password);System.out.println("解密后：" + new String(decryptResult));} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {e.printStackTrace();}

则，系统会报出如下异常：

javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException: Input length must be multiple of 16 when decrypting with padded cipherat com.sun.crypto.provider.SunJCE_f.b(DashoA13*..)at com.sun.crypto.provider.SunJCE_f.b(DashoA13*..)at com.sun.crypto.provider.AESCipher.engineDoFinal(DashoA13*..)at javax.crypto.Cipher.doFinal(DashoA13*..)

这主要是因为加密后的byte数组是不能强制转换成字符串的，换言之：字符串和byte数组在这种情况下不是互逆的；要避免这种情况，我们需要做一些修订，可以考虑将二进制数据转换成十六进制表示，主要有如下两个方法：

二进制转换成16进制

        /**将二进制转换成16进制* @param buf* @return*/public static String parseByte2HexStr(byte buf[]) {StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();for (int i = 0; i < buf.length; i++) {String hex = Integer.toHexString(buf[i] & 0xFF);if (hex.length() == 1) {hex = '0' + hex;}sb.append(hex.toUpperCase());}return sb.toString();}

16进制转换为二进制

        /**将16进制转换为二进制* @param hexStr* @return*/public static byte[] parseHexStr2Byte(String hexStr) {if (hexStr.length() < 1)return null;byte[] result = new byte[hexStr.length()/2];for (int i = 0;i< hexStr.length()/2; i++) {int high = Integer.parseInt(hexStr.substring(i*2, i*2+1), 16);int low = Integer.parseInt(hexStr.substring(i*2+1, i*2+2), 16);result[i] = (byte) (high * 16 + low);}return result;}

然后，我们再修订以上测试代码，如下：

           String content = "test";String password = "12345678";//加密System.out.println("加密前：" + content);byte[] encryptResult = encrypt(content, password);String encryptResultStr = parseByte2HexStr(encryptResult);System.out.println("加密后：" + encryptResultStr);//解密byte[] decryptFrom = parseHexStr2Byte(encryptResultStr);byte[] decryptResult = decrypt(decryptFrom,password);System.out.println("解密后：" + new String(decryptResult));

测试结果如下：
加密前：test
加密后：73C58BAFE578C59366D8C995CD0B9D6D
解密后：test

另外一种加密方式

   /*** 加密** @param content 需要加密的内容* @param password  加密密码* @return*/public static byte[] encrypt2(String content, String password) {try {SecretKeySpec key = new SecretKeySpec(password.getBytes(), "AES");Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/ECB/NoPadding");byte[] byteContent = content.getBytes("utf-8");cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, key);// 初始化byte[] result = cipher.doFinal(byteContent);return result; // 加密} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (InvalidKeyException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (BadPaddingException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return null;}

这种加密方式有两种限制
密钥必须是16位的
待加密内容的长度必须是16的倍数，如果不是16的倍数，就会出如下异常：

javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException: Input length not multiple of 16 bytesat com.sun.crypto.provider.SunJCE_f.a(DashoA13*..)at com.sun.crypto.provider.SunJCE_f.b(DashoA13*..)at com.sun.crypto.provider.SunJCE_f.b(DashoA13*..)at com.sun.crypto.provider.AESCipher.engineDoFinal(DashoA13*..)at javax.crypto.Cipher.doFinal(DashoA13*..)