秒杀场景_同步秒杀分析和实战

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文章目录

- - - - 一、应用部署准备
      - 1. mysql安装部署
        2. redis安装部署
        3. nacos安装部署
      - 二、数据库准备
      - 2.1. 创建数据库
        2.2. 初始化表结构
        2.3. 搭建微服务父工程
      - 三、商品模块微服务
      - 3.1. 搭建product-serv模块
        3.2. 配置yml
        3.3. 实体
        3.4. 接口
        3.5. service
        3.6. controller
        3.7. 启动类
      - 四、秒杀模块微服务
      - 4.1. 搭建skill-serv模块
        4.2. 配置yml
        4.3. 实体
        4.4. 接口
        4.5. service
        4.6. controller
        4.7. 启动类

前言：为什么单独搭建秒杀微服务呢？
为什么不对订单微服务和库存为负进行复用呢？

与正常业务服务隔离避免因秒杀影响主营业务
可根据秒杀流量单独扩容和设置参数

一、应用部署准备

1. mysql安装部署

windows 环境
MySQL 8.0.26 简易配置安装教程 (windows 64位)

Linux 环境
Mysql 8.0 安装教程 Linux Centos7

2. redis安装部署

windows 环境
windows下载、安装运行redis

Linux 环境
(单机)Linux环境安装最新版Redis-6.2.0
linux环境下redis5.0的安装配置

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3. nacos安装部署

版本选择
毕业版本依赖关系(推荐使用)

Spring Cloud Version	Spring Cloud Alibaba Version	Spring Boot Version	Nacos Version
Spring Cloud Hoxton.SR9	2.2.6.RELEASE	2.3.2.RELEASE	1.4.2

nacos官网：
https://nacos.io/zh-cn/docs/quick-start.html

下载对用版本的nacos
https://github.com/alibaba/nacos/tags

启动nacos

# 启动命令(standalone代表着单机模式运行，非集群模式):
# linux
sh startup.sh -m standalone# Windows
startup.cmd -m standalone

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二、数据库准备

2.1. 创建数据库

创建一个名称为skill的数据库

2.2. 初始化表结构

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for skill_goods
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `skill_goods`;
CREATE TABLE `skill_goods`  (`id` bigint NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,`name` varchar(100) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '标题',`price` decimal(10, 2) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '原价格',`cost_price` decimal(10, 2) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '秒杀价格',`status` char(1) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '审核状态，0未审核，1审核通过，2审核不通过',`num` int NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '秒杀商品数',`stock_count` int NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '剩余库存数',`introduction` varchar(2000) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '描述',PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = DYNAMIC;-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for skill_order
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `skill_order`;
CREATE TABLE `skill_order`  (`id` bigint NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,`skill_id` bigint NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '秒杀商品ID',`money` decimal(10, 2) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '支付金额',`user_id` varchar(50) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户',`create_time` datetime NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '创建时间',`pay_time` datetime NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '支付时间',`status` char(1) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '状态0-未支付， 1-已支付',PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = DYNAMIC;

2.3. 搭建微服务父工程

由于很多依赖都是一样的，因此，搭建一个父工程引入依赖，子模块集成依赖即可
创建eshop-parent父工程
引入依赖

 <parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>2.3.2.RELEASE</version><relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --></parent><groupId>com.gblfy</groupId><artifactId>eshop-parent</artifactId><version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version><!--https://github.com/alibaba/spring-cloud-alibaba/wiki/%E7%89%88%E6%9C%AC%E8%AF%B4%E6%98%8E--><properties><java.version>1.8</java.version><spring.cloud-version>Hoxton.SR9</spring.cloud-version></properties><dependencies><!--redis--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId></dependency><!--Lombok引入--><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId></dependency><!--mysql--><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId></dependency><!-- Spring Boot JPA 依赖 --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId></dependency><!--mvc--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><!--服务注册发现--><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId></dependency><!--配置中心--><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config</artifactId></dependency></dependencies><dependencyManagement><dependencies><!--spring-cloud 版本控制--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId><version>${spring.cloud-version}</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency><!--spring-cloud-alibaba 版本控制--><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId><version>2.2.6.RELEASE</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency></dependencies></dependencyManagement>
</project>

三、商品模块微服务

3.1. 搭建product-serv模块

集成父工程

    <parent><artifactId>eshop-parent</artifactId><groupId>com.gblfy</groupId><version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version></parent><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><artifactId>product-serv</artifactId>

3.2. 配置yml

server:port: 9000
spring:cloud:nacos:discovery:service: product-servserver-addr: localhost:8848datasource:url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/skill?characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8username: rootpassword: 123456redis:host: localhostport: 6379

3.3. 实体

package com.gblfy.entity;import lombok.Data;import javax.persistence.*;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.math.BigDecimal;@Data
@Entity
@Table(name="skill_goods")
public class SkillGood implements Serializable {public SkillGood() {}@Id@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)private Long id;/*** 标题*/@Column(name = "name")private String name;/*** 原价格*/@Column(name = "price")private BigDecimal price;/*** 秒杀价格*/@Column(name = "cost_price")private BigDecimal costPrice;/*** 审核状态*/@Column(name = "status")private String status;/*** 秒杀商品数*/@Column(name = "num")private Integer num;/*** 剩余库存数*/@Column(name = "stock_count")private Integer stockCount;/*** 描述*/@Column(name = "introduction")private String introduction;private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;}

3.4. 接口

package com.gblfy.dao;import com.gblfy.entity.SkillGood;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;import java.util.List;@Repository
public interface SkillGoodRepository extends JpaRepository<SkillGood,Long> {@Query(value="select * from skill_goods where status=1 and num>0 and stock_count>0 and id not in (?1)",nativeQuery = true)List<SkillGood> findSkill(List<Long> ids);@Query(value="select * from skill_goods where status=1 and num>0 and stock_count>0",nativeQuery = true)List<SkillGood> findSkillAll();
}

3.5. service

package com.gblfy.service;import com.gblfy.dao.SkillGoodRepository;
import com.gblfy.entity.SkillGood;
import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.CollectionUtils;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;@Component
@RequiredArgsConstructor(onConstructor_ = @Autowired)
public class SkillGoodService {private final  RedisTemplate redisTemplate;private final  SkillGoodRepository skillGoodRepository;public static final String SKILL_GOODS_PHONE = "SKILL_GOODS_PHONE";/*** 每五秒执行一次 将需要参与秒杀的商品列表加载到内存*/@Scheduled(cron = "0/5 * * * * ?")public void prepareGood() {System.out.println("开始加载商品");//获取所有已经在内存当中的商品ID列表Set<Long> set = redisTemplate.boundHashOps(SKILL_GOODS_PHONE).keys();List<Long> ids = new ArrayList<>();for (Long id : set) {ids.add(id);}List<SkillGood> list = null;//只查询出不在内存当中的商品信息，并加载到内存if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(ids)) {list = skillGoodRepository.findSkillAll();} else {list = skillGoodRepository.findSkill(ids);}if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(list)) {for (SkillGood skillGood : list) {redisTemplate.boundHashOps(SKILL_GOODS_PHONE).put(skillGood.getId(), skillGood);}}// 查看当前缓存中所有的商品信息Set keys = redisTemplate.boundHashOps(SKILL_GOODS_PHONE).keys();for (Object s : keys) {SkillGood skillGood = (SkillGood) redisTemplate.boundHashOps(SKILL_GOODS_PHONE).get(s);System.out.println(skillGood.getName() + " 库存剩余：" + skillGood.getStockCount());}}// 提供查询商品信息的方法public SkillGood queryProduct(Long productId) {return (SkillGood) redisTemplate.boundHashOps(SKILL_GOODS_PHONE).get(productId);}public void update(SkillGood skillGood) {skillGoodRepository.save(skillGood);}
}

3.6. controller

package com.gblfy.controller;import com.gblfy.entity.SkillGood;
import com.gblfy.service.SkillGoodService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;@RestController
public class ProductController {@Autowiredprivate SkillGoodService skillGoodService;@GetMapping("/product/{productId}")@ResponseBodypublic SkillGood getProduct(@PathVariable  Long productId){System.out.println("调用商品服务");SkillGood skillGood=skillGoodService.queryProduct(productId);return skillGood;}@PostMapping("/product")public String update(@RequestBody SkillGood skillGood){System.out.println("更新库存");skillGoodService.update(skillGood);return "更新库存成功";}
}

3.7. 启动类

package com.gblfy;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;@SpringBootApplication
@EnableScheduling
public class ProductAplication {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(ProductAplication.class);}@Beanpublic RedisTemplate<Object, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory) {RedisTemplate<Object, Object> template = new RedisTemplate<>();template.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory);//采用普通的key 为 字符串template.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());return template;}
}

四、秒杀模块微服务

4.1. 搭建skill-serv模块

集成父工程

    <parent><artifactId>eshop-parent</artifactId><groupId>com.gblfy</groupId><version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version></parent><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><artifactId>skill-serv</artifactId>

4.2. 配置yml

server:port: 13000
spring:cloud:nacos:discovery:service: skill-servserver-addr: localhost:8848datasource:url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/skill?characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8username: rootpassword: 123456redis:host: localhostport: 6379

4.3. 实体

package com.gblfy.entity;import javax.persistence.*;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.math.BigDecimal;@Entity
@Table(name = "skill_goods")
@Data
public class SkillGood implements Serializable {public SkillGood() {}@Id@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)private Long id;/*** 标题*/@Column(name = "name")private String name;/*** 原价格*/@Column(name = "price")private BigDecimal price;/*** 秒杀价格*/@Column(name = "cost_price")private BigDecimal costPrice;/*** 审核状态*/@Column(name = "status")private String status;/*** 秒杀商品数*/@Column(name = "num")private Integer num;/*** 剩余库存数*/@Column(name = "stock_count")private Integer stockCount;/*** 描述*/@Column(name = "introduction")private String introduction;private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

package com.gblfy.entity;import javax.persistence.*;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.util.Date;@Entity
@Table(name = "skill_order")
@Data
public class SkillOrder implements Serializable {/*** 主键*/@Id@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)private Long id;/*** 秒杀商品ID*/@Column(name = "skill_id")private Long skillId;/*** 支付金额*/@Column(name = "money")private BigDecimal money;/*** 用户*/@Column(name = "user_id")private String userId;/*** 创建时间*/@Column(name = "create_time")private Date createTime;/*** 支付时间*/@Column(name = "pay_time")private Date payTime;/*** 状态*/@Column(name = "status")private String status;private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

4.4. 接口

package com.gblfy.dao;import com.gblfy.entity.SkillOrder;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;@Repository
public interface SkillOrderRepository extends JpaRepository<SkillOrder,Long> {
}

4.5. service

package com.gblfy.service;import com.gblfy.entity.SkillGood;
import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;@Service
@RequiredArgsConstructor(onConstructor_ = @Autowired)
public class ProductService {private final RestTemplate restTemplate;public SkillGood getGoodById(Long productId) {return restTemplate.getForObject("http://product-serv/product/" + productId, SkillGood.class);}public void update(SkillGood skillGood) {ResponseEntity<String> result= restTemplate.postForEntity("http://product-serv/product/",skillGood,String.class);System.out.println(result.getBody());}
}

package com.gblfy.service;import com.gblfy.dao.SkillOrderRepository;
import com.gblfy.entity.SkillGood;
import com.gblfy.entity.SkillOrder;
import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import javax.transaction.Transactional;
import java.util.Date;@Service
@RequiredArgsConstructor(onConstructor_ = @Autowired)
public class SkillGoodService {public static final String SKILL_GOODS_PHONE = "SKILL_GOODS_PHONE";private final RedisTemplate redisTemplate;private final SkillOrderRepository skillOrderRepository;private final ProductService productService;@Transactionalpublic void add(Long productId, String userId) throws Exception {SkillGood skillGood = productService.getGoodById(productId);if (skillGood == null) {throw new Exception("商品已经被抢光拉");}if (skillGood.getStockCount() > 0) {SkillOrder skillOrder = new SkillOrder();skillOrder.setMoney(skillGood.getCostPrice());skillOrder.setPayTime(new Date());skillOrder.setStatus("0");skillOrder.setUserId(userId);skillOrder.setCreateTime(new Date());skillOrder.setSkillId(productId);skillOrderRepository.save(skillOrder);skillGood.setStockCount(skillGood.getStockCount() - 1);redisTemplate.boundHashOps(SKILL_GOODS_PHONE).put(skillGood.getId(), skillGood);System.out.println("成功秒杀 剩余库存：" + skillGood.getStockCount());}if (skillGood.getStockCount() <= 0) {System.out.println("库存已经是负数了:" + skillGood.getStockCount());redisTemplate.boundHashOps(SKILL_GOODS_PHONE).delete(skillGood.getId());productService.update(skillGood);}}
}

4.6. controller

package com.gblfy.controller;import com.gblfy.service.SkillGoodService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;@RestController
public class SkillController {@Autowiredprivate SkillGoodService skillGoodService;@GetMapping("/skill")public String add(Long productId,String userId) {try{skillGoodService.add(productId,userId);return "抢单成功";}catch (Exception e){return "商品已经抢光";}}
}

4.7. 启动类

package com.gblfy;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class SkillServApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(SkillServApplication.class, args);}@Beanpublic RedisTemplate<Object, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory) {RedisTemplate<Object, Object> template = new RedisTemplate<>();template.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory);//采用普通的key 为 字符串template.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());return template;}@Bean@LoadBalancedpublic RestTemplate create() {return new RestTemplate();}
}