Foundations of Python Network Programing，Third Edition 《python网络编程》，本书中的代码可在Github上搜索fopnp下载
本书的第一章中使用到了google地图的api来获取一个地址的经度和纬度，因为众所周知的原因会出现无法访问，我们需要使用代理访问
因此书上的代码需要根据实际情况来修改，我的电脑的代理地址为127.0.0.1:1080，下面放我的代码吧，可根据自己电脑的代理设置进行修改。
运行环境：Windows 10,Anaconda3,python3.6.3,Pycharm Edu 2017.3
调用库：
#search1.py
from pygeocoder importGeocoderif __name__ == '__main__':
a=Geocoder()
a.proxy= "127.0.0.1:1080"address= '207 N. Definace St,Archbold,OH'
print(a.geocode(address)[0].coordinates)
这里使用的是Geocoder中的proxy参数设置代理(需要先使用pip安装pygeocoder)，因此必须先实例化，不能像书中一样直接print
应用层：
#search2.pyimportrequests
proxies= {"http": "http://127.0.0.1:1080", "https": "http://127.0.0.1:1080", }defgeocode(address):
parameters= {'address': address, 'sensor': 'falise'}
base= 'http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json'response= requests.get(base, params=parameters, proxies=proxies)
answer=response.json()print(answer['results'][0]['geometry']['location'])if __name__ == '__main__':
geocode('207 N. Defiance St,Archbold, OH')
这里使用了requests中的proxies参数设置代理
使用HTTP协议：
#search3.py
importhttp.clientimportjsonfrom urllib.parse importquote_plus
base= '/maps/api/geocode/json'
defgeocode(address):
path= '{}?address={}&sensor=false'.format(base, quote_plus(address))
connection= http.client.HTTPSConnection('127.0.0.1', 1080)
connection.set_tunnel('map.google.com')
connection.request('GET', path)
rawreply=connection.getresponse().read()
reply= json.loads(rawreply.decode('utf-8'))print(reply['results'][0]['geometry']['location'])if __name__ == '__main__':
geocode('207 N. Defiance St,Archbold, OH')
这里会提示
Traceback (most recent call last):
File"E:/Learn Python/Python网络编程/search3.py", line 21, in geocode('207 N. Defiance St,Archbold, OH')
File"E:/Learn Python/Python网络编程/search3.py", line 16, ingeocode
reply= json.loads(rawreply.decode('utf-8'))
File"D:\Anaconda3\lib\json\__init__.py", line 354, inloadsreturn_default_decoder.decode(s)
File"D:\Anaconda3\lib\json\decoder.py", line 339, indecode
obj, end= self.raw_decode(s, idx=_w(s, 0).end())
File"D:\Anaconda3\lib\json\decoder.py", line 357, inraw_decoderaise JSONDecodeError("Expecting value", s, err.value) fromNone
json.decoder.JSONDecodeError: Expecting value: line1 column 1 (char 0)
Process finished with exit code 1
很明显报了一个json.decoder.JSONDecodeError的错误 说明没有能够正确访问，json decode失败
print(rawreply)发现rawreply返回的是这样的html文件
b'
\n301 Moved\n301 Moved
\nThe document has moved\n
here.\r\n
\r\n'
返回了一个301错误，说明需要重定向这里我们使用的是HTTPS协议因此不会像浏览器一样直接重定向，感觉应该是google反爬虫的一种行为
因此我们使用正则表达式提取字符串(方法来自https://www.cnblogs.com/rj81/p/5933838.html)，更改后代码如下
#search3.py
importhttp.clientimportjsonfrom urllib.parse importquote_plusimportre
base= '/maps/api/geocode/json'
defgeocode(address):
path= '{}?address={}&sensor=false'.format(base, quote_plus(address))
connection= http.client.HTTPSConnection('127.0.0.1', 1080)
connection.set_tunnel('map.google.com')
connection.request('GET', path)
rawreply=connection.getresponse().read().decode()
newweb= re.findall(r"HREF=\"(.+?)\"", string=rawreply)#print(newweb)
connection.request('GET', newweb[0])
rawreply=connection.getresponse().read()#print(path)
#print(rawreply)
reply = json.loads(rawreply.decode('utf-8'))print(reply['results'][0]['geometry']['location'])if __name__ == '__main__':
geocode('207 N. Defiance St, Archbold, OH')
即可正确输出结果
{'lat': 41.5219645, 'lng': -84.3066496}
Process finished with exit code 0
这里需要注意的是 我一开始以为newweb是一个str，直接使用了connection.request('GET', newweb)
结果发现AttributeError: 'list' object has no attribute 'startswith'的错误，更改之后即可正常输出
直接使用Socket与谷歌地图通信：
设置代理的方法(转自http://www.jb51.net/article/50510.htm)
urllib2：
proxy_handler = urllib2.ProxyHandler({'http' : 'http://地址:端口'})
opener=urllib2.build_opener(proxy_handler, urllib2.HTTPHandler)
urllib2.install_opener(opener)
socket：
importsocks, socket
socks.setdefaultproxy(socks.PROXY_TYPE_SOCKS5,"地址", 端口)
socket.socket= socks.socksocket
代码如下：
#search4.py#!/usr/bin/env python3
importsocketimportsocksfrom urllib.parse importquote_plus
request_text= """\
GET /maps/api/geocode/json?address={}&sensor=false HTTP/1.1\r\n\
Host: maps.google.com:80\r\n\
User-Agent: search4.py (Foundations of Python Network Programming)\r\n\
Connection: close\r\n\
\r\n\"""
defgeocode(address):
socks.set_default_proxy(socks.PROXY_TYPE_SOCKS5,"127.0.0.1", 1080)
socket.socket=socks.socksocket
sock=socket.socket()
sock.connect(('maps.google.com', 80))
request=request_text.format(quote_plus(address))
sock.sendall(request.encode('ascii'))
raw_reply= b''
whileTrue:
more= sock.recv(4096)if notmore:breakraw_reply+=moreprint(raw_reply.decode('utf-8'))if __name__ == '__main__':
geocode('207 N. Defiance St, Archbold, OH')
运行输出：
HTTP/1.1 200OK
Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8Date: Fri,12 Jan 2018 07:21:20GMT
Expires: Sat,13 Jan 2018 07:21:20GMT
Cache-Control: public, max-age=86400Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *Server: mafe
X-XSS-Protection: 1; mode=block
X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
Accept-Ranges: none
Vary: Accept-Language,Accept-Encoding
Connection: close
{"results": [
{"address_components": [
{"long_name" : "207","short_name" : "207","types" : [ "street_number"]
},
{"long_name" : "North Defiance Street","short_name" : "N Defiance St","types" : [ "route"]
},
{"long_name" : "Archbold","short_name" : "Archbold","types" : [ "locality", "political"]
},
{"long_name" : "German Township","short_name" : "German Township","types" : [ "administrative_area_level_3", "political"]
},
{"long_name" : "Fulton County","short_name" : "Fulton County","types" : [ "administrative_area_level_2", "political"]
},
{"long_name" : "Ohio","short_name" : "OH","types" : [ "administrative_area_level_1", "political"]
},
{"long_name" : "United States","short_name" : "US","types" : [ "country", "political"]
},
{"long_name" : "43502","short_name" : "43502","types" : [ "postal_code"]
},
{"long_name" : "1160","short_name" : "1160","types" : [ "postal_code_suffix"]
}
],"formatted_address" : "207 N Defiance St, Archbold, OH 43502, USA","geometry": {"bounds": {"northeast": {"lat" : 41.521994,"lng" : -84.30646179999999},"southwest": {"lat" : 41.521935,"lng" : -84.30683739999999}
},"location": {"lat" : 41.5219645,"lng" : -84.3066496},"location_type" : "ROOFTOP","viewport": {"northeast": {"lat" : 41.5233134802915,"lng" : -84.30530061970849},"southwest": {"lat" : 41.5206155197085,"lng" : -84.3079985802915}
}
},"place_id" : "ChIJk4BHnIy0PYgRXbKj5GjFe_U","types" : [ "premise"]
}
],"status" : "OK"}
Process finished with exit code0
