matlab 自适应噪声对消,基于Matlab的RLS自适应语音噪声对消系统的设计与实现

基于Matlab 的R LS 自适应语音噪声

对消系统的设计与实现

肖 哲

(湖南工业大学科技学院, 湖南株洲 412008)

摘 要:自适应信号处理的理论和技术经过40多年的发展和完善,已逐渐成为人们常用的语音去噪技术.而Matlab 的

出现又为其提供了更为方便快捷的方法来对语音信号进行消噪处理.介绍了自适应滤波器中常用的几种算法,并通过实例介绍了基于Matlab 的R LS 自适应语音噪声对消系统的设计与实现.

关键词:R LS 算法;自适应滤波器;Matlab ;语音去噪中图分类号:TP311 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1008-4681(2006)02-0083-04

The Design and Application of R LS Adaptive N oise C anceling System B ased On MAT LAB

XI AO Zhe

(C ollege of Science and T echnology ,Hunan University of T echnology ,Zhuzhou 412008,China )

Abstract :With 40years of development and refinement ,the theory and technology of adaptive signal processing have gradually become a comm on noise canceling technology.And the emergence of Matlab provides a m ore convenient way for canceling noise processing v oice signals.S ome alg orithms in adaptive filter are introduced in the paper.The de 2sign and application of R LS adaptive noise canceling system based on MAT LAB is illustrated by s ome exam ples.

K ey w ords :R LS alg orithm ;adaptive filter ;Matlab ;noise canceling

引言

语音识别以语音为研究对象,是语音信号处理的一个重要研究方向,是模式识别的一个分支.语音识别的研究工作迄今已近50年,但仍未有突破性进展,其主要原因如下[1

823538242c83ffa7730d2c0fd5590ce7.png

]:

(1)语音识别系统的适应性差;

(2)在强噪声干扰环境下语音识别难;(3)基元的选择问题;(4)端点检测问题等.

语音识别技术很难从实验室走向真正应用很大程度上受制于应用环境下的噪声.现场的噪声大多为以下情况[3]:

(1)周期性的噪声,如机器的轰鸣声(2)冲激噪声,如瞬时放电产生的噪声(3)宽带噪声,如高斯噪声或白噪声

(4)语音干扰,如在获取的信号中同时包含其他无关说话人的声音.

自适应信号处理的理论和技术经过40多年的发展和完善,已逐渐成为人们常用的语音去噪技术.

1 自适应滤波器及其常见算法

自适应滤波器是近30年来发展起来的关于信号处理方法和技术的滤波器,其设计方法对滤波器的性能影响很大.自适应滤波器能够得到比较好的滤波性能,当输入信号的统计特性未知,或者输入信号的统计特性变化时,自适应滤波器能够自动地迭代调节自身的滤波器参数,以满足某种准则的要求,从而实现最优滤波.

自适应滤波器一般包括滤波器结构和自适应算法两个部分,这两部分不同的变化与结合,可以导出许多种不同形式的自适应滤波器.

自适应滤波器的原理框图如图1所示.

图1 自适应滤波器的原理框图

自适应滤波器的算法很多,这里只对常用

第20卷 第2期2006年3月 长 沙 大 学 学 报J OURNA L OF CH AN GSH A UNI VERSITY

Vol.20 No.2

Mar.2006

收稿日期:2006-01-20;修回日期:2006-02-28.

作者简介:肖哲(1977-),女,湖南澧县人,湖南工业大学助理讲师,在读硕士,主要从事人机交互研究.

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