【转】！Dynamics 365 Online通过OAuth 2 Client Credential授权(Server-to-Server Authentication)后调用Web API

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本文很多内容来自 John Towgood 撰写的Dynamics 365 Online Authenticate with Client Credentials ，也着重参考了官方的 Use Single-Tenant server-to-server authentication ，我根据新的Azure Portal界面做了一些操作上的变化，并且改了一些代码，还使用ADAL来简化代码。

输入一个合适的名称，Supported account types保持默认的 Accounts in this organizational directory only (Orgname) 不变，点击【Register】按钮。因为Redirect URI用不上所以不输入。

注册成功后会产生 Application (client) ID，记录下来备用，同时也记录下 Directory (tenant) ID。

再点击左边的【API Permissions】，再点击右边的【+ Add a permission】按钮。

选择【Dynamics CRM】 (也可以选择使用 PowerApps Runtime Serive 这个权限)，

选择【Delegated permissions】 > 【user_impersonation】后点击【Add permissions】按钮。

然后点击【Grant admin consent for Orgname】，

在弹出的提示中选择【Yes】。

然后点击【Certificates & secrets】 > 【+ New client secret】，输入合适的Description，在点击【Add】按钮。

会自动生成Client secrets，这里需要点击生成的secret旁边的【copy to clipboard】图标将其复制下来，记得在这个步骤复制下来，因为离开这个页面后就看不到这个secret了。

然后需要创建一个Azure AD 用户，点击左侧的【Azure Active Directory】> 【Users】。

然后点击【New user】。

为用户输入Name，User Name，然后点击【Create】按钮。

最后还需要到Dynamics 365 Customer Engagement中创建一个Application User。导航到 Settings > Security > Users，切换到【Application Users】，点击命令栏的【NEW】按钮。

记得要切换到 APPLICATION USER这个窗体，输入的内容如下，Application ID就是前面步骤记录的Application (client) ID，其余的就是前面步骤创建的Azure AD user信息。

保存后会自动填充 Application ID URI 和 Azure AD Object ID 字段的值。

当然还需要给这个用户授予至少一个角色才行，官方建议不要授予系统标准角色，我这里复制了一个标准角色授予给他。

如果用Postman来获取access token的话，如下图：

下面就是用代码如何做了，不多说，看代码：

using Newtonsoft.Json;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Net.Http.Headers;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace UsingWebAPI
{
public class AuthenticationResponse
{
public string access_token { get; set; }
public int expires_in { get; set; }
public int expires_on { get; set; }
public int ext_expires_in { get; set; }
public int not_before { get; set; }
public string resource { get; set; }
public string token_type { get; set; }
}
class Program
{
static string resourceUrl = "https://crm219270.crm5.dynamics.com/";
static string clientId = "de8dd947-a3e3-48ec-8602-c3063f11dc29";
static string clientSecret = "5FsXh2*oNyLRm]Go1a9hD.[]=k54GNOZ";
static string tenantId = "3e28b187-1c5c-42f5-a1be-3f47570da35d";
static void Main(string[] args)
{
GetAuthenticationResponse();
Console.ReadKey();
}
private static async void GetAuthenticationResponse()
{
List<KeyValuePair<string, string>> vals = new List<KeyValuePair<string, string>>();
vals.Add(new KeyValuePair<string, string>("client_id", clientId));
vals.Add(new KeyValuePair<string, string>("resource", resourceUrl));
vals.Add(new KeyValuePair<string, string>("grant_type", "client_credentials"));
vals.Add(new KeyValuePair<string, string>("client_secret", clientSecret));
string tokenUrl = string.Format("https://login.windows.net/{0}/oauth2/token", tenantId);
using (HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient())
{
httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
HttpContent content = new FormUrlEncodedContent(vals);
HttpResponseMessage hrm = httpClient.PostAsync(tokenUrl, content).Result;
AuthenticationResponse authenticationResponse = null;
if (hrm.IsSuccessStatusCode)
{
string data = await hrm.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
authenticationResponse = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<AuthenticationResponse>(data);
await DataOperations(authenticationResponse);
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("Error." + hrm.ReasonPhrase);
}
}
}
private static async Task DataOperations(AuthenticationResponse authResult)
{
using (HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient())
{
httpClient.BaseAddress = new Uri(resourceUrl);
httpClient.Timeout = new TimeSpan(, , ); //2 minutes
httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("OData-MaxVersion", "4.0");
httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("OData-Version", "4.0");
httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Add(new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("application/json"));
httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Authorization = new AuthenticationHeaderValue("Bearer", authResult.access_token);
string content = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new { name = "A Account", telephone1 = ""});
HttpRequestMessage request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Post, "api/data/v9.1/accounts");
request.Content = new StringContent(content);
request.Content.Headers.ContentType = MediaTypeHeaderValue.Parse("application/json");
HttpResponseMessage response = await httpClient.SendAsync(request);
if (response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
{
Console.WriteLine("Account created.");
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine(String.Format("Failed to create account, reason is '{0}'.", response.ReasonPhrase));
}
}
}
}
}

当然，如果使用ADAL的话，代码会更加简单点：

using Microsoft.IdentityModel.Clients.ActiveDirectory;
using Newtonsoft.Json;
using System;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Net.Http.Headers;
namespace UsingWebAPI
{
class Program
{
static string resourceUrl = "https://crm219270.crm5.dynamics.com/";
static string clientId = "de8dd947-a3e3-48ec-8602-c3063f11dc29";
static string clientSecret = "5FsXh2*oNyLRm]Go1a9hD.[]=k54GNOZ";
static string tenantId = "3e28b187-1c5c-42f5-a1be-3f47570da35d";
static void Main(string[] args)
{
AuthAndInvoke();
Console.ReadKey();
}
private static async void AuthAndInvoke()
{
var credentials = new ClientCredential(clientId, clientSecret);
var authContext = new AuthenticationContext("https://login.microsoftonline.com/" + tenantId);
var result = await authContext.AcquireTokenAsync(resourceUrl, credentials);
using (HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient())
{
httpClient.BaseAddress = new Uri(resourceUrl);
httpClient.Timeout = new TimeSpan(, , ); //2 minutes
httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("OData-MaxVersion", "4.0");
httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("OData-Version", "4.0");
httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Add(new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("application/json"));
httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Authorization = new AuthenticationHeaderValue("Bearer", result.AccessToken);
string content = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new { name = "A Account", telephone1 = "" });
HttpRequestMessage request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Post, "api/data/v9.1/accounts");
request.Content = new StringContent(content);
request.Content.Headers.ContentType = MediaTypeHeaderValue.Parse("application/json");
HttpResponseMessage response = await httpClient.SendAsync(request);
if (response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
{
Console.WriteLine("Account created.");
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine(String.Format("Failed to create account, reason is '{0}'.", response.ReasonPhrase));
}
}
}
}
}