mvp最小可行产品_最低可行产品–如何为您的项目建立MVP以及为什么要这样做

mvp最小可行产品

具有足够功能的产品可以收集全面的定性反馈 (A product with just enough features to gather comprehensive qualitative feedback)

Proof of concept, prototypes, wireframes, mockups… what actually constitutes a Minimum Viable Product (MVP)?

概念验证，原型，线框，模型……什么真正构成了最低可行产品(MVP)？

In practice, it's as easy to understand the concept of an MVP is as it is to ride a bicycle. So should we compare MVPs to a bicycle then?

在实践中，理解MVP的概念就像骑自行车一样容易。那么我们应该将MVP与自行车相比较吗？

Let's do it. In this article, I will shed light upon:

我们开始做吧。在本文中，我将阐明：

What is an MVP?
什么是MVP？
How is an MVP developed?
MVP如何开发？
How would an MVP be developed if it was a bicycle?
如果是自行车，如何发展MVP？
Why is it important to build an MVP?
为什么建立MVP很重要？

Every customer wants to be heard and understood. The software world offers an excessive number of apps and websites, but only some of them receive users’ attention and love. To find out whether your idea can find a place in this competitive environment, create a minimum viable product first.

每个客户都希望听到和理解。软件界提供了过多的应用程序和网站，但只有其中一些受到用户的关注和喜爱。若要确定您的想法是否可以在竞争激烈的环境中找到一席之地，请首先创建最低限度的可行产品。

什么是MVP？ (What Is an MVP?)

A Minimum Viable Product represents one of the major stages in the software product discovery process. Essentially, it is the set of minimum necessary features which can be used by the end user. The concept of minimum viable product became widely known in 2009 when Eric Ries coined it in his book The Lean Startup.

最低可行产品代表软件产品发现过程中的主要阶段之一。本质上，这是最终用户可以使用的一组最低限度必需的功能。最低可行产品的概念在2009年广为人知，当埃里克•里斯(Eric Ries)在他的“精益创业”一书中提出时。

The minimum viable product is a perfect opportunity to let potential users voice their opinions and test out a product before its final launch.

最低可行的产品是让潜在用户发表意见并在产品最终发布之前对其进行测试的绝佳机会。

Gathering and analyzing qualitative feedback is a primary task of MVP development. Based on these findings, you can modify your MVP and test it again.

收集和分析定性反馈是MVP开发的主要任务。根据这些发现，您可以修改MVP并再次进行测试。

This process turns into a cycle of MVP product development which takes place over and over again until the ultimate customer satisfaction is reached.

这个过程变成了MVP产品开发的一个循环，反复进行直到达到最终的客户满意度。

MVP软件开发如何进行 (How MVP Software Development Is Conducted)

Each and every product is different, and so is the process of its development. Before we jump into the details as to how an MVP is created, I want to point out that it is an individual and iterative process.

每个产品都是不同的，其开发过程也不同。在详细介绍如何创建MVP之前，我想指出一下，这是一个独立且反复的过程。

理念 (Idea)

At first, you have an idea. Even if you feel that it is revolutionary and genius it might still be rather vague.

首先，您有一个主意。即使您认为它是革命性的和天才的，它可能仍然相当模糊。

产品发现 (Product Discovery)

Your first task is to make your idea come to life. You can start by conducting product discovery. You need to study the needs, interests, and demographic characteristics of the target audience. Also, analyze the strengths and weaknesses of competitors.

您的首要任务是使您的想法变为现实。您可以从进行产品发现开始。您需要研究目标受众的需求，兴趣和人口统计特征。另外，分析竞争对手的优势和劣势。

Then you need to review all the features that can be implemented and select the essential ones. Organize and present this information during workshops with the help of graphs, charts, tables, or any other visuals you think best represents the data.

然后，您需要检查所有可以实现的功能并选择必要的功能。在研讨会期间，借助图形，图表，表格或您认为最能代表数据的任何其他视觉效果来组织和呈现此信息。

Now, your idea seems clearer but it still not presentable.

现在，您的想法似乎更清晰了，但仍然不可行 。

概念证明 (Proof of Concept)

Next you need to create a Proof of Concept. Basically, it is aimed at summarizing the discovery stage and verifying that your innovative idea can be implemented in real life.

接下来，您需要创建概念证明。基本上，它旨在总结发现阶段并验证您的创新想法可以在现实生活中实现。

Ok, you know that your idea is feasible and comprehensive. You know that it can be done – but how?

好的，您知道您的想法是可行且全面的 。 您知道这是可以做到的，但是怎么做呢？

用户旅程 (User Journey)

Now you need to understand what the user wants to see once they open the application. You want to know which actions they are most likely to take, and what goals they are trying to achieve.

现在，您需要了解用户打开应用程序后想要看到的内容。您想知道他们最有可能采取的行动，以及他们试图实现的目标。

For this purpose, you need to map a user journey. User journeys are a visual representation of a hypothetical user and their experience with the app. They cover everything from the minute the user realizes they need that service through the moment they first find and click through to your app and up until they make a decision whether to make this service a part of their lifestyle.

为此，您需要映射用户旅程。用户旅程是假设用户及其对应用程序的体验的直观表示。从用户意识到他们需要该服务的那一刻起，到他们首次找到并单击进入您的应用的那一刻，直到他们决定是否将此服务作为其生活方式的一部分，它们都涵盖了一切。

User journeys resemble a set of statements, which look as follows:

用户旅程类似于一组语句，如下所示：

As a [user role], I want to do [functions] so that [goal].

作为[用户角色]，我想做[功能]，以便[目标]。

For instance, “As a website admin, I want to be able to add or remove users so that the app is free of spammers”. Or “As an unregistered user, I want to be able to open a menu so that I understand what the app offers before I sign up”.

例如，“作为网站管理员，我希望能够添加或删除用户，以使该应用程序免受垃圾邮件发送者的侵害”。或“作为未注册用户，我希望能够打开菜单，以便在注册之前了解应用程序提供的内容”。

原型 (Prototype)

After that, it's time to start prototyping. A prototype is a simplified version of the product. It demonstrates the final product design and navigation. Basically, it is a set of pictures of the interface of your future app. If it is clickable, you can navigate between screens by clicking buttons in order to understand user flows.

之后，是时候开始制作原型了。原型是产品的简化版本。它演示了最终产品的设计和导航。基本上，这是您未来应用程序界面的一组图片。如果可单击，则可以通过单击按钮在屏幕之间导航，以了解用户流。

Prototypes may even look like a very basic version of your platform or mobile app. But it is not a final product and not an MVP because you cannot show it to actual users.

原型甚至看起来像是您的平台或移动应用程序的非常基本的版本。但这不是最终产品，也不是MVP，因为您无法将其展示给实际用户。

Here, you have your idea implemented. Kind of. It can be shown to all the stakeholders but not to the end user as long as it is just a rough draft.

在这里，您实现了您的想法。 有点儿。 可以将其显示给所有利益相关者，但不能显示给最终用户，只要它只是草稿即可 。

最低可行产品开发 (Minimum Viable Product Development)

At this stage, you need to make ultimate decisions about the UI/UX and finalize the visual design. After that, it's time to start coding the minimum viable product.

在此阶段，您需要对UI / UX做出最终决定并最终确定视觉设计。之后，是时候开始编写最小可行产品的代码了。

The Minimum Viable Product looks like a final app and feels like a final app. However, it has fewer features, the design or performance is not necessarily product quality, and the code quality may be lower.

最低可行产品看起来像最终应用，而感觉就像最终应用。但是，它具有较少的功能，设计或性能不一定是产品质量，并且代码质量可能会较低。

Your idea is illustrated, you've put in the code, and it's partially implemented – it's now ready to meet its first user.

您的想法已得到说明，您已将其放入代码中，并且已部分实现-现在可以满足第一个用户的需求 。

最低可行产品发布和测试 (Minimum Viable Product Launch and Testing)

After you finish development and launch the MVP, you should present it to a sample of actual users. Throughout the new few days or weeks, you gather customers’ feedback, analyze the results, and modify your MVP accordingly.

完成开发并启动MVP后，应将其呈现给实际用户示例。在新的几天或几周内，您会收集客户的反馈，分析结果并相应地修改MVP。

Once you see that your customers are fully satisfied, you can start implementing the final product.

一旦看到客户完全满意，就可以开始实施最终产品了 。

一个例子怎么样？ (How About an Example?)

Let’s imagine that you want to create a bicycle. A cool, sturdy, and eco-friendly bicycle. What if the potential clients do not like it and your effort goes in vain? Or what if you are on a shoestring budget and you need to persuade investors first?

假设您要创建一辆自行车。一款凉爽，坚固且环保的自行车。如果潜在客户不喜欢它，而您的努力却白费了怎么办？或者，如果您的预算有限，又需要先说服投资者怎么办？

The development process will be pretty similar to what I described earlier.

开发过程将与我之前描述的非常相似。

产品发现： (Product Discovery:)

You conduct a discovery stage: you learn about what a bike is, what parts it consists of, what bikes people like, and what riders complain about. After that, you answer the most important question: what you can do to make your bicycle stand out among the others.

您进行发现阶段：了解自行车是什么，自行车的组成部分，人们喜欢的自行车以及车手抱怨的东西。之后，您将回答最重要的问题：如何使自行车脱颖而出。

概念证明： (Proof of Concept:)

Let’s say you found out how to create a bicycle chain that never falls out of the chain ring. Once you have a clear idea, you create your mechanism: a chain, with a chain ring and pedals – your proof of concept.

假设您发现了如何创建永远不会掉入链环的自行车链条。一旦有了明确的想法，就可以创建自己的机制：带有链环和踏板的链条–概念的证明。

You show it to your investors, tell them more about your idea, and receive their approval and support to keep going with the project.

您将其展示给您的投资者，向他们介绍更多有关您的想法，并获得他们的批准和支持以继续进行该项目。

原型： (Prototype:)

Yet, it is not the time for the final bicycle as you have not seen it yet in actual size. You create a full-scale copy of the bicycle, carefully choose all the colors and materials, make it resemble a real product.

但是，由于您还没有看到实际尺寸的自行车，现在还不是最后一辆自行车的时间。您创建了自行车的完整副本，仔细选择所有颜色和材料，使其类似于真实产品。

However, the pedals won’t spin yet, and the steering wheel won’t turn. This is your prototype – looks pretty impressive but does not work yet.

但是，踏板不会旋转，方向盘也不会旋转。这是您的原型-看起来令人印象深刻，但尚无法使用。

MVP开发： (MVP Development:)

Your investors again review the idea and approve your design, but now they need to see the functionality. You again create a full-scale bicycle, but now, it has a working wheel, pedals, brakes, gears, and a seat. That is going to be your MVP.

您的投资者再次审查了想法并批准了您的设计，但现在他们需要查看功能。您再次创建了一个全尺寸自行车，但是现在，它具有一个工作轮，踏板，制动器，齿轮和一个座椅。那将是您的MVP。

At this point, you can actually let your users try it out. They get on a bike, test it, and share their opinion with you. The more people try it, the more comprehensive your feedback is. However, be sure not to show your bicycle to the people you do not trust, or they might leak your idea to a next-door producer who also makes bikes for a living.

在这一点上，您实际上可以让您的用户尝试一下。他们骑自行车，进行测试并与您分享他们的观点。尝试的人越多，您的反馈就越全面。但是，请确保不要将自行车展示给您不信任的人，否则他们可能会将您的想法泄露给隔壁的生产者，他们也以生产自行车为生。

MVP测试： (MVP Testing:)

Finally, you modify your product in accordance with what your customers had to say until you are sure that you've got it.

最后，您可以根据客户的要求修改产品，直到确定您已经购买为止。

最终产品开发： (Final Product Development:)

Only after all these steps, when you have received financial support from your investors and approval of your customers, you are ready to launch manufacturing.

仅在完成所有这些步骤之后，当您从投资者那里获得财务支持并获得客户的批准时，您便可以开始生产了。

You change the wooden seat with a cushioned one, install safety lights on your bicycle, lubricate the bicycle chain, put on stickers and a bell, develop a marketing campaign, and start selling your product.

您可以用软垫换一个木制座椅，在自行车上安装安全灯，润滑自行车链条，贴上贴纸和铃铛，开展营销活动，然后开始销售产品。

为什么MVP很重要？ (Why Is an MVP Important?)

A Minimum Viable Product has only one real advantage - but it's a very important one. It gives you an opportunity to test your future product in real-life settings with actual users.

最低可行产品只有一个真正的优势-但这是非常重要的优势。它使您有机会与实际用户一起在现实环境中测试您的未来产品。

This simple benefit has a lot of positive consequences:

这种简单的好处有很多积极的后果：

An MVP lets you adjust your product development plan before it is too late.
MVP可让您在为时已晚之前调整产品开发计划。
It serves as a warning about any mistakes you are bound to make or as confirmation for good business decisions.
它可以警告您一定会犯的任何错误，也可以作为对良好业务决策的确认。
This approach saves you a great deal of time, effort, and money by optimizing the planning process and reducing risks.
通过优化计划流程并降低风险，此方法可节省大量时间，精力和金钱。
A Minimum Viable Product boosts motivation because the team knows that what they do matters.
最低可行产品会激发动力，因为团队知道他们所做的事情很重要。
MVP development offers a unique experience of testing the product idea, which will definitely come in handy in your professional life in the future.
MVP开发提供了测试产品创意的独特体验，这肯定会在将来的专业生活中派上用场。

The MVP approach can and should be used within industries of all sorts. While for manufacturers of traditional goods, it is a long and strenuous process, for the software developers, it is rather simple and accessible.

MVP方法可以并且应该在各种行业中使用。对于传统商品的制造商而言，这是一个漫长而艰苦的过程，对于软件开发人员而言，这是相当简单且易于访问的。

Some business may choose to disregard the minimum viable product stage when creating something innovative, but this is somewhat understandable and can be justified. But for a software development company, it is unforgivable.

一些企业在创建创新产品时可能会选择忽略最低可行产品阶段，但这是可以理解的并且可以证明是合理的。但是对于软件开发公司来说，这是不可原谅的。

Eventually, if you decide to run a risk and implement your idea before checking in with your target audience, you're laying money, time, effort, energy, inspiration, and supporters on the line.

最终，如果您决定冒风险并在与目标受众进行交流之前实施您的想法，那么您将在金钱，时间，精力，精力，灵感和支持者上线 。

您对MVP有什么想法吗？ (Do you have an idea for an MVP?)

My company KeenEthics is experienced in developing Minimum Viable Products. In case you need a free estimate for a similar project, feel free to get in touch.

我公司KeenEthics在开发最低限度可行产品方面经验丰富。如果您需要对类似项目的免费估算，请随时与我们联系。

If you have enjoyed the article, you should continue with What Is Prototyping and Why Do We Need It and What Is a Mockup and Why Do We Need It.

如果您喜欢这篇文章，则应该继续阅读“ 什么是原型”，“我们为什么需要它”以及“ 什么是模型以及为什么我们需要它” 。