C#操作静态路由表(增、删、改、查、遍历)

C#操作静态路由表，通过Windows原生API进行操作（效率比通过CMD操作的高很多），支持增、删、改、查、遍历使用的是Iphlpapi.dll库，这个库里面还有很多很好用的API，有兴趣的童鞋自行研究吧，这里只用了路由表相关的API这个，那个，好像没啥好说了，接下来直接看代码吧等等，差点忘了，如果有童鞋需要需要Demo，那么请下载“C#通过DotRas实现完美控制VPN和PPPoE(ADSL)”这篇博文里的Demo(里面也使用了路由表操作)好了，下面看代码using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Net;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;namespace RBTI.Toolbox.RasConnect.Network
{static class RouteTableManager{public enum MIB_IPFORWARD_TYPE : uint{/// <summary>/// Some other type not specified in RFC 1354./// </summary>MIB_IPROUTE_TYPE_OTHER = 1,/// <summary>/// An invalid route. This value can result from a route added by an ICMP redirect./// </summary>MIB_IPROUTE_TYPE_INVALID = 2,/// <summary>/// A local route where the next hop is the final destination (a local interface)./// </summary>MIB_IPROUTE_TYPE_DIRECT = 3,/// <summary>/// The remote route where the next hop is not the final destination (a remote destination)./// </summary>MIB_IPROUTE_TYPE_INDIRECT = 4}public enum MIB_IPPROTO : uint{/// <summary>/// Some other protocol not specified in RFC 1354./// </summary>MIB_IPPROTO_OTHER = 1,/// <summary>/// A local interface./// </summary>MIB_IPPROTO_LOCAL = 2,/// <summary>/// A static route. /// This value is used to identify route information for IP routing/// set through network management such as the Dynamic Host Configuration/// Protocol (DCHP), the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP),/// or by calls to the CreateIpForwardEntry, DeleteIpForwardEntry,/// or SetIpForwardEntry functions./// </summary>MIB_IPPROTO_NETMGMT = 3,/// <summary>/// The result of ICMP redirect./// </summary>MIB_IPPROTO_ICMP = 4,/// <summary>/// The Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP), a dynamic routing protocol./// </summary>MIB_IPPROTO_EGP = 5,/// <summary>/// The Gateway-to-Gateway Protocol (GGP), a dynamic routing protocol./// </summary>MIB_IPPROTO_GGP = 6,/// <summary>/// The Hellospeak protocol, a dynamic routing protocol. This is a/// historical entry no longer in use and was an early routing protocol/// used by the original ARPANET routers that ran special software/// called the Fuzzball routing protocol, sometimes called Hellospeak,/// as described in RFC 891 and RFC 1305. For more information,/// see http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc891.txt and http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1305.txt./// </summary>MIB_IPPROTO_HELLO = 7,/// <summary>/// The Berkeley Routing Information Protocol (RIP) or RIP-II, a dynamic routing protocol./// </summary>MIB_IPPROTO_RIP = 8,/// <summary>/// The Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System (IS-IS) protocol,/// a dynamic routing protocol. The IS-IS protocol was developed for/// use in the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) protocol suite./// </summary>MIB_IPPROTO_IS_IS = 9,/// <summary>/// The End System-to-Intermediate System (ES-IS) protocol, a dynamic/// routing protocol. The ES-IS protocol was developed for use in the/// Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) protocol suite./// </summary>MIB_IPPROTO_ES_IS = 10,/// <summary>/// The Cisco Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP), a dynamic routing protocol./// </summary>MIB_IPPROTO_CISCO = 11,/// <summary>/// The Bolt, Beranek, and Newman (BBN) Interior Gateway Protocol/// (IGP) that used the Shortest Path First (SPF) algorithm. This/// was an early dynamic routing protocol./// </summary>MIB_IPPROTO_BBN = 12,/// <summary>/// The Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol, a dynamic routing protocol./// </summary>MIB_IPPROTO_OSPF = 13,/// <summary>/// The Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), a dynamic routing protocol./// </summary>MIB_IPPROTO_BGP = 14,/// <summary>/// A Windows specific entry added originally by a routing protocol, but which is now static./// </summary>MIB_IPPROTO_NT_AUTOSTATIC = 10002,/// <summary>/// A Windows specific entry added as a static route from the routing user interface or a routing command./// </summary>MIB_IPPROTO_NT_STATIC = 10006,/// <summary>/// A Windows specific entry added as a static route from the routing/// user interface or a routing command, except these routes do not cause Dial On Demand (DOD)./// </summary>MIB_IPPROTO_NT_STATIC_NON_DOD = 10007}[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]public struct MIB_IPFORWARDROW{public uint dwForwardDest;        //destination IP address.public uint dwForwardMask;        //Subnet maskpublic uint dwForwardPolicy;      //conditions for multi-path route. Unused, specify 0.public uint dwForwardNextHop;     //IP address of the next hop. Own address?public uint dwForwardIfIndex;     //index of interfacepublic MIB_IPFORWARD_TYPE dwForwardType;        //route typepublic MIB_IPPROTO dwForwardProto;       //routing protocol.public uint dwForwardAge;         //age of route.public uint dwForwardNextHopAS;   //autonomous system number. 0 if not relevantpublic int dwForwardMetric1;     //-1 if not used (goes for all metrics)public int dwForwardMetric2;public int dwForwardMetric3;public int dwForwardMetric4;public int dwForwardMetric5;}[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]public struct MIB_IPINTERFACE_ROW{public uint Family;public ulong InterfaceLuid;public uint InterfaceIndex;public uint MaxReassemblySize;public ulong InterfaceIdentifier;public uint MinRouterAdvertisementInterval;public uint MaxRouterAdvertisementInterval;public byte AdvertisingEnabled;public byte ForwardingEnabled;public byte WeakHostSend;public byte WeakHostReceive;public byte UseAutomaticMetric;public byte UseNeighborUnreachabilityDetection;public byte ManagedAddressConfigurationSupported;public byte OtherStatefulConfigurationSupported;public byte AdvertiseDefaultRoute;public uint RouterDiscoveryBehavior;public uint DadTransmits;public uint BaseReachableTime;public uint RetransmitTime;public uint PathMtuDiscoveryTimeout;public uint LinkLocalAddressBehavior;public uint LinkLocalAddressTimeout;public uint ZoneIndice0, ZoneIndice1, ZoneIndice2, ZoneIndice3, ZoneIndice4, ZoneIndice5, ZoneIndice6, ZoneIndice7,ZoneIndice8, ZoneIndice9, ZoneIndice10, ZoneIndice11, ZoneIndice12, ZoneIndice13, ZoneIndice14, ZoneIndice15;public uint SitePrefixLength;public uint Metric;public uint NlMtu;public byte Connected;public byte SupportsWakeUpPatterns;public byte SupportsNeighborDiscovery;public byte SupportsRouterDiscovery;public uint ReachableTime;public byte TransmitOffload;public byte ReceiveOffload;public byte DisableDefaultRoutes;}[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]private unsafe struct MIB_IPFORWARDTABLE{/// <summary>/// number of route entriesin the table./// </summary>public int dwNumEntries;public MIB_IPFORWARDROW table;}[DllImport("Iphlpapi.dll")][return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)]private static extern int CreateIpForwardEntry(MIB_IPFORWARDROW pRoute);[DllImport("Iphlpapi.dll")][return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)]private static extern int DeleteIpForwardEntry(MIB_IPFORWARDROW pRoute);[DllImport("Iphlpapi.dll")][return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)]private static extern int SetIpForwardEntry(MIB_IPFORWARDROW pRoute);[DllImport("Iphlpapi.dll")]private static extern int GetIpInterfaceEntry(ref MIB_IPINTERFACE_ROW row);[DllImport("iphlpapi.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]private static extern int GetBestInterface(uint DestAddr, out uint BestIfIndex);[DllImport("Iphlpapi.dll")]private static extern int GetBestRoute(uint dwDestAddr, uint dwSourceAddr, out MIB_IPFORWARDROW pBestRoute);[DllImport("Iphlpapi.dll")][return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)]private unsafe static extern int GetIpForwardTable(MIB_IPFORWARDTABLE* pIpForwardTable, ref int pdwSize, bool bOrder);[DllImport("Kernel32.dll")]private extern static int FormatMessage(int flag, ref IntPtr source, int msgid, int langid, ref string buf, int size, ref IntPtr args);/// <summary>/// 获取错误信息/// </summary>/// <param name="errCode"></param>/// <returns></returns>public static string GetErrMsg(int errCode){IntPtr tempptr = IntPtr.Zero;string msg = null;FormatMessage(0x1300, ref tempptr, errCode, 0, ref msg, 255, ref tempptr);return msg;}/// <summary>/// 获取路由表/// </summary>/// <param name="ipForwardTable"></param>/// <returns></returns>public unsafe static int GetIpForwardTable(out IPForwardRow[] ipForwardTable){int res = 0, size = 0;size = Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(MIB_IPFORWARDROW));MIB_IPFORWARDTABLE* table = (MIB_IPFORWARDTABLE*)Marshal.AllocHGlobal(size);res = GetIpForwardTable(table, ref size, true);if (res == 0x7A){table = (MIB_IPFORWARDTABLE*)Marshal.ReAllocHGlobal((IntPtr)table, (IntPtr)size);res = GetIpForwardTable(table, ref size, true);}if (res == 0){ipForwardTable = new IPForwardRow[(*table).dwNumEntries];for (int i = 0; i < ipForwardTable.Length; i++){ipForwardTable[i] = new IPForwardRow((&(*table).table)[i]);}}elseipForwardTable = null;Marshal.FreeHGlobal((IntPtr)table);return res;}/// <summary>/// 获取基础路由/// </summary>/// <param name="destAddr"></param>/// <param name="sourceAddr"></param>/// <param name="bestRoute"></param>/// <returns></returns>public static int GetBestRoute(IPAddress destAddr, IPAddress sourceAddr, out IPForwardRow bestRoute){MIB_IPFORWARDROW pBestRoute;var res = GetBestRoute(IpToUint(destAddr), IpToUint(sourceAddr), out pBestRoute);bestRoute = new IPForwardRow(pBestRoute);return res;}/// <summary>/// 获取基础接口/// </summary>/// <param name="destAddr"></param>/// <param name="bestIfIndex"></param>/// <returns></returns>public static int GetBestInterface(IPAddress destAddr, out uint bestIfIndex){return GetBestInterface(IpToUint(destAddr), out bestIfIndex);}/// <summary>/// 获取IP接口信息/// </summary>/// <param name="interfaceIndex"></param>/// <param name="row"></param>/// <returns></returns>public static int GetIpInterfaceEntry(uint interfaceIndex, out MIB_IPINTERFACE_ROW row){row = new MIB_IPINTERFACE_ROW();row.Family = 2;//row.InterfaceLuid = 0;row.InterfaceIndex = interfaceIndex;return GetIpInterfaceEntry(ref row);}/// <summary>/// 获取单条路由信息/// </summary>/// <param name="destAddr"></param>/// <param name="nextHop"></param>/// <param name="route"></param>/// <returns></returns>public unsafe static int GetIpForwardEntry(IPAddress destAddr, IPAddress nextHop, out IPForwardRow route){route = null;IPForwardRow[] ipForwardTable;var res = GetIpForwardTable(out ipForwardTable);if (res == 0){for (int i = 0; i < ipForwardTable.Length; i++){if (ipForwardTable[i].Dest.Equals(destAddr) && ipForwardTable[i].NextHop.Equals(nextHop)){route = ipForwardTable[i];break;}}}return res;}/// <summary>/// 获取单条路由信息/// </summary>/// <param name="destAddr"></param>/// <param name="route"></param>/// <returns></returns>public unsafe static int GetIpForwardEntry(IPAddress destAddr, out IPForwardRow route){route = null;IPForwardRow[] ipForwardTable;var res = GetIpForwardTable(out ipForwardTable);if (res == 0){for (int i = 0; i < ipForwardTable.Length; i++){if (ipForwardTable[i].Dest.Equals(destAddr)){route = ipForwardTable[i];break;}}}return res;}/// <summary>/// 创建路由/// </summary>/// <param name="route"></param>/// <returns></returns>public static int CreateIpForwardEntry(IPForwardRow route){return CreateIpForwardEntry(route.GetBaseStruct());}/// <summary>/// 创建路由/// </summary>/// <param name="dest"></param>/// <param name="mask"></param>/// <param name="nextHop"></param>/// <param name="ifIndex"></param>/// <param name="metric"></param>/// <returns></returns>public static int CreateIpForwardEntry(IPAddress dest, IPAddress mask, IPAddress nextHop, uint ifIndex, int metric = 1){IPForwardRow route = new IPForwardRow(){Dest = dest,Mask = mask,NextHop = nextHop,IfIndex = ifIndex,Metric = metric,Policy = 0,Type = MIB_IPFORWARD_TYPE.MIB_IPROUTE_TYPE_DIRECT,Proto = MIB_IPPROTO.MIB_IPPROTO_NETMGMT,Age = 0,NextHopAS = 0};OperatingSystem os = Environment.OSVersion;if (os.Platform == PlatformID.Win32NT && os.Version.Major >= 6){MIB_IPINTERFACE_ROW row;int res = GetIpInterfaceEntry(ifIndex, out row);if (res != 0)return res;route.Metric = (int)row.Metric;}return CreateIpForwardEntry(route);}/// <summary>/// 创建路由/// </summary>/// <param name="dest"></param>/// <param name="mask"></param>/// <param name="nextHop"></param>/// <param name="metric"></param>/// <returns></returns>public static int CreateIpForwardEntry(IPAddress dest, IPAddress mask, IPAddress nextHop, int metric = 1){uint bestIfIndex;int res = GetBestInterface(nextHop, out bestIfIndex);if (res != 0)return res;return CreateIpForwardEntry(dest, mask, nextHop, bestIfIndex, metric);}/// <summary>/// 创建路由/// </summary>/// <param name="dest"></param>/// <param name="nextHop"></param>/// <param name="metric"></param>/// <returns></returns>public static int CreateIpForwardEntry(IPAddress dest, IPAddress nextHop, int metric = 1){return CreateIpForwardEntry(dest, IPAddress.Parse("255.255.255.255"), nextHop, metric);}/// <summary>/// [不推荐使用]修改路由/// 仅用于修改网关和跃点数/// </summary>/// <param name="route"></param>/// <returns></returns>public static int SetIpForwardEntry(IPForwardRow route){return SetIpForwardEntry(route.GetBaseStruct());}/// <summary>/// 删除路由/// </summary>/// <param name="route"></param>/// <returns></returns>public static int DeleteIpForwardEntry(IPForwardRow route){return DeleteIpForwardEntry(route.GetBaseStruct());}/// <summary>/// 删除路由/// </summary>/// <param name="destAddr"></param>/// <param name="nextHop"></param>/// <returns></returns>public static int DeleteIpForwardEntry(IPAddress destAddr, IPAddress nextHop){IPForwardRow route;int res = GetIpForwardEntry(destAddr, nextHop, out route);if (res != 0)return res;return DeleteIpForwardEntry(route);}/// <summary>/// 删除路由/// </summary>/// <param name="destAddr"></param>/// <returns></returns>public static int DeleteIpForwardEntry(IPAddress destAddr){IPForwardRow route;int res = GetIpForwardEntry(destAddr, out route);if (res != 0)return res;return DeleteIpForwardEntry(route);}/// <summary>/// IPAdderss转uint/// </summary>/// <param name="ipAddress"></param>/// <returns></returns>public static uint IpToUint(IPAddress ipAddress){string[] startIP = ipAddress.ToString().Split('.');uint U = uint.Parse(startIP[3]) << 24;U += uint.Parse(startIP[2]) << 16;U += uint.Parse(startIP[1]) << 8;U += uint.Parse(startIP[0]);return U;}/// <summary>/// uint转IPAddress/// </summary>/// <param name="ip"></param>/// <returns></returns>public static IPAddress UintToIp(uint ip){string ipStr = $"{ip & 0xff}.{(ip >> 8) & 0xff}.{(ip >> 16) & 0xff}.{(ip >> 24) & 0xff}";return IPAddress.Parse(ipStr);}}
}using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Net;namespace RBTI.Toolbox.RasConnect.Network
{class IPForwardRow{/// <summary>/// destination IP address./// </summary>public IPAddress Dest { get; set; }/// <summary>/// Subnet mask/// </summary>public IPAddress Mask { get; set; }/// <summary>/// conditions for multi-path route. Unused, specify 0./// </summary>public uint Policy { get; set; }/// <summary>/// IP address of the next hop. Own address?/// </summary>public IPAddress NextHop { get; set; }/// <summary>/// index of interface/// </summary>public uint IfIndex { get; set; }/// <summary>/// route type/// </summary>public RouteTableManager.MIB_IPFORWARD_TYPE Type { get; set; }/// <summary>/// routing protocol./// </summary>public RouteTableManager.MIB_IPPROTO Proto { get; set; }/// <summary>/// age of route./// </summary>public uint Age { get; set; }/// <summary>/// autonomous system number. 0 if not relevant/// </summary>public uint NextHopAS { get; set; }/// <summary>/// -1 if not used (goes for all metrics)/// </summary>public int Metric { get; set; }public IPForwardRow(){}public IPForwardRow(RouteTableManager.MIB_IPFORWARDROW baseStruct){Dest = RouteTableManager.UintToIp(baseStruct.dwForwardDest);Mask = RouteTableManager.UintToIp(baseStruct.dwForwardMask);Policy = baseStruct.dwForwardPolicy;NextHop = RouteTableManager.UintToIp(baseStruct.dwForwardNextHop);IfIndex = baseStruct.dwForwardIfIndex;Type = baseStruct.dwForwardType;Proto = baseStruct.dwForwardProto;Age = baseStruct.dwForwardAge;NextHopAS = baseStruct.dwForwardNextHopAS;Metric = baseStruct.dwForwardMetric1;}public RouteTableManager.MIB_IPFORWARDROW GetBaseStruct(){return new RouteTableManager.MIB_IPFORWARDROW(){dwForwardDest = RouteTableManager.IpToUint(Dest),dwForwardMask = RouteTableManager.IpToUint(Mask),dwForwardPolicy = Policy,dwForwardNextHop = RouteTableManager.IpToUint(NextHop),dwForwardIfIndex = IfIndex,dwForwardType = Type,dwForwardProto = Proto,dwForwardAge = Age,dwForwardNextHopAS = NextHopAS,dwForwardMetric1 = Metric,dwForwardMetric2 = -1,dwForwardMetric3 = -1,dwForwardMetric4 = -1,dwForwardMetric5 = -1};}}
}

 

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