1、MySQL安装

A)MySQL安装： sudo apt-get install mysql-server mysql-client

B)启动/停止MySQL服务：

MySQL 在安装以后，MySQL 就已经启动；如果需要手动启动或停止则如下操作：

手动启动服务： sudo start mysql

手动停止服务： sudo stop mysql

当修改mysql相关配置的时候，需要手动重启MySQL服务，就需要如上操作。

查看mysql进程是否已经启动：

ps

-aux | grep mysql

#ps -aux 显示当前所有进程(包括 mysql , 和 name 用户 )， grep mysql 用来查找 mysql

进程 ；具体使用可以查看 ps, grep 用法

#man ps ; man grep

或者使用：

sudo

netstat -tap | grep mysql

两种命令的结果：

name@ThinkPad:~$ ps -aux | grep mysql

Warning: bad ps syntax, perhaps a bogus

'-'

mysql 25994

0.0 0.9 137800

18400 ?

Ssl 10:18 0:10 /usr/sbin/mysqld

name 26543

0.0 0.1 8544

2320 pts/2

S+ 11:06

0:00

mysql -u root -p

name 27068

0.0 0.1 8388

2064 pts/1

S+ 18:21

0:00

mysql -u root -p

name 27917

0.0 0.0 5412

788 pts/3

S+ 21:45

0:00

grep --color=auto mysql

name@ThinkPad:~$ sudo netstat -tap | grep

mysql

tcp 0

0 localhost:mysql *:* LISTEN 25994/mysqld

C)MySQL 配置文件结构：

MySQL 配置文件为 my.cnf , 位置在 /etc/my.cnf 以及 /etc/mysql/my.cnf

#

# The

MySQL database server configuration file.

#

# You

can copy this to one of:

#

- "/etc/mysql/my.cnf"

to set global options,

#

- "~/.my.cnf" to set user-specific options.

#

# One

can use all long options that the program supports.

# Run

program with --help

to get a list of available options and

with

#

--print-defaults to see which it would actually understand and

use.

#

#

For explanations see

#

This will be passed to all

mysql clients

#

It has been reported that passwords should be enclosed with

ticks/quotes

#

escpecially if they contain "#" chars...

#

Remember to edit /etc/mysql/debian.cnf when changing the socket

location.

[client]

port = 3306

socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

#

Here is entries for some specific programs

#

The following values assume you have at least 32M ram

#

This was formally known as [safe_mysqld]. Both versions are

currently parsed.

[mysqld_safe]

socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

nice = 0

[mysqld]

#

# *

Basic Settings

#

#

# *

IMPORTANT

#

If you make changes to these settings and your system uses

apparmor, you may

#

also need to also adjust

/etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.mysqld.

#

user = mysql

socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

port = 3306

basedir = /usr

datadir = /var/lib/mysql

tmpdir = /tmp

skip-external-locking

#

#

Instead of skip-networking the default is now to listen

only on

#

localhost which is more compatible and is not less

secure.

bind-address = 127.0.0.1

#

# *

Fine Tuning

#

key_buffer = 16M

max_allowed_packet = 16M

thread_stack = 192K

thread_cache_size = 8

#

This replaces the startup script and checks MyISAM tables if

needed

#

the first time they are touched

myisam-recover = BACKUP

#max_connections = 100

#table_cache = 64

#thread_concurrency = 10

#

# *

Query Cache Configuration

#

query_cache_limit = 1M

query_cache_size = 16M

#

# *

Logging and Replication

#

#

Both location gets rotated by the cronjob.

#

Be aware that this log type is a performance killer.

#

As of 5.1 you can enable the log at runtime!

#general_log_file =

/var/log/mysql/mysql.log

#general_log = 1

log_error = /var/log/mysql/error.log

#

Here you can see queries with especially long duration

#log_slow_queries =

/var/log/mysql/mysql-slow.log

#long_query_time = 2

#log-queries-not-using-indexes

#

#

The following can be used as easy to replay backup logs or for

replication.

#

note: if you are setting up a replication slave, see README.Debian

about

#

other settings you may need to change.

#server-id = 1

#log_bin = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log

expire_logs_days = 10

max_binlog_size = 100M

#binlog_do_db = include_database_name

#binlog_ignore_db = include_database_name

#

# *

InnoDB

#

#

InnoDB is enabled by default

with a 10MB datafile in

/var/lib/mysql/.

#

Read the manual for more InnoDB related options. There are

many!

#

#

* Security Features

#

#

Read the manual, too, if you want chroot!

#

chroot = /var/lib/mysql/

#

#

For generating SSL certificates I recommend the OpenSSL GUI

"tinyca".

#

#

ssl-ca=/etc/mysql/cacert.pem

#

ssl-cert=/etc/mysql/server-cert.pem

#

ssl-key=/etc/mysql/server-key.pem

[mysqldump]

quick

quote-names

max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql]

#no-auto-rehash # faster start of mysql

but no tab completition

[isamchk]

key_buffer = 16M

#

#

* IMPORTANT: Additional settings that can override those from this

file!

#

The files must end with '.cnf', otherwise

they'll be ignored.

#

!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/

在启动MySQL的时候会通过读取配置文件my.cnf ，并根据这个文件的路径：

/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock 启动MySQL

datadir = /var/lib/mysql

#这句是数据库所在位置，比如如果创建一个数据库mysql_first，则数据库文件放置在该目录下。

log_error = /var/log/mysql/error.log #

mysql错误文件，如果在执行mysql出错了，可以查看该文件。

D)进入MySQL

进入MySQL一般需要密码， 除非使用 safe_mysql

如果不提供密码则会出现如下错误提示：

ERROR 1045

(28000): Access denied

for user 'name'@'localhost'

(using password: NO)

这是因为在安装MySQL输入了密码，需要提供密码；

具体：

name@ThinkPad:~$ sudo mysql -u root -p

Enter

password:

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or

\g.

Your

MySQL connection id is 40

Server version: 5.1.58-1ubuntu1

(Ubuntu)

Copyright (c) 2000,

2010, Oracle

and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

This

software comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. This is free

software,

and

you are welcome to modify and redistribute it under the GPL

v2 license

Type 'help;'

or '\h' for

help.

Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

sudo mysql -u root -p # 这里的几个参数: u 表示 user ,后面是参数； p 表示 password

,会在后面有 Enter password: 提示

也可以直接提供用户和密码(使用 -- )

sudo mysql --user=root --password=123456

C)退出MySQL

主要有三种方式：

mysql> exit

Bye

mysql> quit

Bye

mysql> #直接按Ctrl + D

2、卸载MySQL

A)卸载MySQL软件

sudo

apt-get autoremove --purge mysql-server-5.1

sudo

apt-get remove mysql-server

sudo

apt-get autoremove mysql-server

sudo

apt-get remove mysql-common

sudo apt-get autoremove --purge

mysql-server-5.1 # 中 mysql-server-5.1是系统安装的 mysql-server版本

B)清理其他数据

dpkg

-l |grep ^rc|awk '{print

$2}' |sudo xargs dpkg

-P