一、Master配置
1、my.cnf配置
# vim /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/50-server.cnf
[mysqld]
log-bin=mysql-bin //[必须]启用二进制日志
server-id=140 //[必须]服务器唯一ID，默认是1，一般取IP最后一段
2、重启mysql
sudo service mysql restart
3、在主服务器上建立帐户并授权slave
# mysql -u root -p sD9854fals87s34GB98s
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* to 'mysync'@'%' identified by 'sD9854fals87s34GB98s';
一般不用root帐号，%表示所有客户端都可能连，只要帐号，密码正确，此处可用具体客户端IP代替，如192.168.245.139，加强安全。
4、登录mysql，查询master的状态
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000014 | 318 | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
注：执行完此步骤后不要再操作主服务器MYSQL，防止主服务器状态值变化。
上面的Position需要记住用于下方使用
二、Slave配置
1、my.cnf配置
# vim /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/50-server.cnf
[mysqld]
log-bin=mysql-bin //[必须]启用二进制日志
server-id=139 //[必须]服务器唯一ID，默认是1，一般取IP最后一段
2、重启mysql
sudo service mysql restart
3、配置从服务器Slave：
master_log_pos是上面Position的值
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.245.140',master_user='mysync',master_password='sD9854fals87s34GB98s',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000014',master_log_pos=318;
# 注意不要断开，"318"无单引号。
mysql>start slave;
# 启动从服务器复制功能
4、检查从服务器复制功能状态：
复制代码
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.245.140
Master_User: root
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 5669
Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 5482
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 5669
Relay_Log_Space: 5639
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 140
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
注：Slave_IO及Slave_SQL进程必须正常运行，即YES状态，否则都是错误的状态。
三、主从服务器测试
主服务器Mysql，建立数据库，并在这个库中建表插入一条数据，观看从库是否也增加了相应的数据库、数据表、数据。
四、清除Slave的配置信息
有时候我们的有许多台Slave库,根据业务需要一台甚至几台不在使用需要下线了.这时候就不在需要从Master同步数据了.那么我们如何清理Slave:
reset slave all;
四、常见错误
可以从Last_IO_Error和Last_SQL_Error配置。
1、
service mysql status
如果出现如下错误需要配置skip-name-resolve参数,作用是不再进行反解析(ip不反解成域名)，这样可以加快数据库的反应时间。：
Nov 16 19:26:28 iZ2zedt5e7ronlirnw6vl3Z mysqld[22185]: 181116 19:26:28 [Warning] IP address '180.76.0.0' could not be resolved: Name or service not known
修改配置文件添加如下代码并重启：
[mysqld]
skip-name-resolve
2、在没有停止slave进程的情况下change master
mysql> change master to master_host='IP', master_user='USER', master_password='PASSWD', master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=106;
ERROR 1198 (HY000): This operation cannot be performed with a running slave; run STOP SLAVE first
首先需要执行STOP SLAVE停止
3、slave没有启动
执行start slave启动从服务器复制功能:
# show slave status\G
----------
Slave_IO_Running: No
Slave_SQL_Running: No
4、Got fatal error 1236 from master when reading data from binary log
5、Got fatal error 1236 from master when reading data from binary log: 'binlog truncated in the middle of event; consider out of disk space on master; the first event 'mysql-bin.000017' at 1367, the last event read from 'mysql-bin.000017' at 1367, the last byte read from 'mysql-bin.000017' at 1368.'
解决方案：
stop slave;
下方的master_log_file ，master_log_pos是前方让记住的文件位置，一定不能错
MariaDB [test1]> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE='master-bin.000001',MASTER_LOG_POS=329;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.072 sec)
6、Got fatal error 1236 from master when reading data from binary log: 'binlog truncated in the middle of event; consider out of disk space on master; the first event 'mysql-bin.000017' at 1367, the last event read from 'mysql-bin.000017' at 1367, the last byte read from 'mysql-bin.000017' at 1368.'
使用如下代码刷新master的配置，然后根据上方更新一下Slave
flush logs;
show master status;
