预备知识: 学习Identity Server 4的预备知识

第一部分: 使用Identity Server 4建立Authorization Server (1)

第二部分: 使用Identity Server 4建立Authorization Server (2)

第三部分: 使用Identity Server 4建立Authorization Server (3)

第四部分: 使用Identity Server 4建立Authorization Server (4)

之前的配置都是在内存中, 下面将如何把这些数据存储到Sql Server数据库, 这样更适合生产环境.

这部分基本完全参考官方文档:

https://identityserver4.readthedocs.io/en/release/quickstarts/8_entity_framework.html

安装Entity Framework相关的库

为Authorization Server 添加 IdentityServer4.EntityFramework:

还需要安装Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServer:

最后是Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools:

使用它可以进行迁移等操作.

然后使用命令行进入Auth Server项目的目录, 试一下dotnet ef命令:

很不幸, 没找到dotnet ef命令. 这里需要手动修改AuthServer的项目文件, 右键点击项目, 点击Edit AuthServer.csproj.

这部分操作的官方文档在这: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/ef/core/miscellaneous/cli/dotnet

我们需要添加这部分代码:

  <ItemGroup><DotNetCliToolReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools.DotNet" Version="2.0.0" /></ItemGroup>

然后回到命令行, 再执行 dotnet ef:

这次好用了. 接下来就是add migrations了.

幸运的是, 之前装的库里面有封装好的model, 它们可以自动创建migration文件.

这里一共有两个命令(migrations), 一个是为了IdentityServer的配置, 另一个是为了持久化授权.

dotnet ef migrations add InitialIdentityServerPersistedGrantDbMigration -c PersistedGrantDbContext -o Data/Migrations/IdentityServer/PersistedGrantDb
dotnet ef migrations add InitialIdentityServerConfigurationDbMigration -c ConfigurationDbContext -o Data/Migrations/IdentityServer/ConfigurationDb

运行发现了问题, 这是因为我们还没有配置AuthServer来使用数据库.

添加appSettings.json, 并指定连接字符串:

{  "ConnectionStrings": {    "DefaultConnection": "Server=(localdb)\\mssqllocaldb;Database=AuthServer;Trusted_Connection=True;MultipleActiveResultSets=true"},  "Logging": {    "IncludeScopes": false,    "Debug": {      "LogLevel": {        "Default": "Warning"}},    "Console": {      "LogLevel": {        "Default": "Warning"}}}
}

修改Startup.cs:

public class Startup{        public Startup(IConfiguration configuration){Configuration = configuration;}public IConfiguration Configuration { get; } 
       public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services){            var connectionString = Configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection");var migrationsAssembly = typeof(Startup).GetTypeInfo().Assembly.GetName().Name;services.AddIdentityServer()                // .AddDeveloperSigningCredential().AddSigningCredential(new X509Certificate2(@"D:\Projects\test\socialnetwork.pfx", "Bx@steel")).AddTestUsers(InMemoryConfiguration.Users().ToList())                .AddConfigurationStore(options =>{options.ConfigureDbContext = builder =>builder.UseSqlServer(connectionString,sql => sql.MigrationsAssembly(migrationsAssembly));})// this adds the operational data from DB (codes, tokens, consents).AddOperationalStore(options =>{options.ConfigureDbContext = builder =>builder.UseSqlServer(connectionString,sql => sql.MigrationsAssembly(migrationsAssembly));// this enables automatic token cleanup. this is optional.options.EnableTokenCleanup = true;options.TokenCleanupInterval = 30;});services.AddMvc();}

首先获取数据库连接字符串, 然后添加两部分配置, 一个是配置数据(clients, resources), 一个是操作数据(tokens, codes, consents同意).

再次运行命令行:

dotnet ef migrations add InitialIdentityServerPersistedGrantDbMigration -c PersistedGrantDbContext -o Data/Migrations/IdentityServer/PersistedGrantDb
dotnet ef migrations add InitialIdentityServerConfigurationDbMigration -c ConfigurationDbContext -o Data/Migrations/IdentityServer/ConfigurationDb

好用了.

看看生成的文件, 是有这两部分:

看一下文件的内容, 会发现有很多的Table.

下一步就是添加自动迁移, 暂且在StartUp里面找个位置新建个方法吧:

        private void InitializeDatabase(IApplicationBuilder app){          
   using (var serviceScope = app.ApplicationServices.GetService<IServiceScopeFactory>().CreateScope()){serviceScope.ServiceProvider.GetRequiredService<PersistedGrantDbContext>().Database.Migrate();        
        var context = serviceScope.ServiceProvider.GetRequiredService<ConfigurationDbContext>();context.Database.Migrate();                if (!context.Clients.Any()){                 
   foreach (var client in InMemoryConfiguration.Clients()){context.Clients.Add(client.ToEntity());}context.SaveChanges();}               
  if (!context.IdentityResources.Any()){                
    foreach (var resource in InMemoryConfiguration.IdentityResources()){context.IdentityResources.Add(resource.ToEntity());}context.SaveChanges();}               
  if (!context.ApiResources.Any()){                
    foreach (var resource in InMemoryConfiguration.ApiResources()){context.ApiResources.Add(resource.ToEntity());}context.SaveChanges();}}}

首先是分别对两个context进行迁移, 然后判断是否这些表里是空的, 如果没有数据, 就把配置的内存数据添加到数据库里面.

别忘了在Configure方法调用:

public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env){            InitializeDatabase(app);app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();app.UseIdentityServer();app.UseStaticFiles();app.UseMvcWithDefaultRoute();}

运行项目, 重新操作一下登陆, 同意的过程, 依然好用.

看一下数据库:

确实生成了很多表.

查看Clients表, 里面有三条数据.

PersistedGrants里面也有一条数据. 登陆时当你同意请求许可的时候, 就会在这个表里面添加一条数据.

把用户存储到数据库

可以使用自定义的用户表来存储用户数据, 但是我要用的是asp.net core identity, 所以我就不讲别的方式了.

不过首先, 需要重建个项目, 并且把之前讲的所有内容都操作一遍, 因为这里要使用asp.net core mvc 模板并使用Individual User Account的验证方式:

建立好项目后, 需要把之前讲的所有步骤操作一下, 然后安装: IdentityServer4.AspNetIdentity:

修改Startup, 大约成为这个样子, 只看红色部分即可:

namespace AuthorizationServer
{   
  public class Startup{       
 
  public Startup(IConfiguration configuration){Configuration = configuration;}        public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services){          
   var connectionString = Configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection");           
 var migrationsAssembly = typeof(Startup).GetTypeInfo().Assembly.GetName().Name;services.AddDbContext<ApplicationDbContext>(options =>options.UseSqlServer(connectionString));services.AddIdentity<ApplicationUser, IdentityRole>(options =>{                // Password settingsoptions.Password.RequireDigit = false;options.Password.RequiredLength = 6;options.Password.RequireNonAlphanumeric = false;options.Password.RequireUppercase = false;options.Password.RequireLowercase = false;options.Password.RequiredUniqueChars = 2;                // Lockout settingsoptions.Lockout.DefaultLockoutTimeSpan = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5);options.Lockout.MaxFailedAccessAttempts = 5;options.Lockout.AllowedForNewUsers = true;                // Signin settingsoptions.SignIn.RequireConfirmedEmail = false;options.SignIn.RequireConfirmedPhoneNumber = false;                // User settingsoptions.User.RequireUniqueEmail = false;                }).AddEntityFrameworkStores<ApplicationDbContext>().AddDefaultTokenProviders();services.AddTransient<IEmailSender, EmailSender>();services.AddMvc();services.AddIdentityServer().AddDeveloperSigningCredential()                // .AddSigningCredential(new X509Certificate2(@"D:\Projects\test\socialnetwork.pfx", "password")).AddConfigurationStore(options =>{options.ConfigureDbContext = builder =>builder.UseSqlServer(connectionString,sql => sql.MigrationsAssembly(migrationsAssembly));}).AddOperationalStore(options =>{options.ConfigureDbContext = builder =>builder.UseSqlServer(connectionString,sql => sql.MigrationsAssembly(migrationsAssembly));options.EnableTokenCleanup = true;options.TokenCleanupInterval = 30;})                .AddAspNetIdentity<ApplicationUser>();}        
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env){app.InitializeDatabase();           
  if (env.IsDevelopment()){app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();app.UseBrowserLink();app.UseDatabaseErrorPage();}         
    else{app.UseExceptionHandler("/Home/Error");}app.UseStaticFiles();            app.UseIdentityServer();app.UseMvc(routes =>{routes.MapRoute(name: "default",template: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}");});}}
}