java实现思维导图_Java并发（思维导图）

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1，线程状态转换

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无限期等待：

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限期等待：

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线程生命流程：

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2，实现方式

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代码实现样例【三种方式】：

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packagecom.cnblogs.mufasa.demo2;importjava.util.concurrent.Callable;public class test1_Runnable implementsRunnable{

@Overridepublic voidrun() {for(int i=0;i<50;i++){

System.out.println("当前线程："+i);

}

}

}class test2_Callable implements Callable{private intnum;publictest2_Callable(){}public test2_Callable(intnum){this.num=num;

}

@Overridepublic String call() throwsException {for(int i=0;i<50;i++){

System.out.println(this.num+"线程:"+i);

}return num+"线程已完成";

}

}class test3_Thread extendsThread {private intnum;publictest3_Thread(){}public test3_Thread(intnum){this.num=num;

}

@Overridepublic voidrun() {for(int i=0;i<50;i++){

System.out.println(this.num+"线程:"+i);

}

}

}

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packagecom.cnblogs.mufasa.demo2;importjava.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;importjava.util.concurrent.FutureTask;public classClient {public static void main(String[] args) throwsExecutionException, InterruptedException {//实现 Runnable 接口//test1_Runnable instance=new test1_Runnable();//Thread thread=new Thread(instance);//Thread thread1=new Thread(instance);//thread.start();//thread1.start();//实现 Callable 接口//test2_Callable instance=new test2_Callable(1);//FutureTask ft=new FutureTask<>(instance);//Thread thread = new Thread(ft);//test2_Callable instance1=new test2_Callable(2);//FutureTask ft2=new FutureTask<>(instance1);//Thread thread1 = new Thread(ft2);//

//thread.start();//thread1.start();//System.out.println(ft.get());//System.out.println(ft2.get());//继承 Thread 类

test3_Thread thread1=new test3_Thread(1);

test3_Thread thread2=new test3_Thread(2);

thread1.start();

thread2.start();

}

}

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3，基础线程机制

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代码实现样例：

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package com.cnblogs.mufasa.demo3;public classClient1 {public static voidmain(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {//设置守护线程 setDaemon 伴随线程而运行//Thread thread1 = new Thread(new test1_Runnable(1));//Thread thread2 = new Thread(new test3_Thread(2));//thread1.setDaemon(true);//thread1.start();//thread2.start();//sleep Thread.sleep(millisec) 方法会休眠当前正在执行的线程，millisec 单位为毫秒//sleep() 可能会抛出 InterruptedException，因为异常不能跨线程传播回 main() 中，因此必须在本地进行处理//Thread thread1 = new Thread(()->{//try {//System.out.println("延迟2s");//Thread.sleep(2000);//System.out.println("延迟结束");//} catch (InterruptedException e) {//e.printStackTrace();//}//});//thread1.start();//new Thread(new Runnable() {//@Override//public void run() {//System.out.println("延迟2s");//try {//Thread.sleep(2000);//System.out.println("延迟结束");//Thread.yield();//可以让出资源//Thread.sleep(2000);//} catch (InterruptedException e) {//e.printStackTrace();//}finally {//System.out.println("线程1运行结束");//}//}//}).start();//

//new Thread(()->{//try {//Thread.sleep(2000);//} catch (InterruptedException e) {//e.printStackTrace();//}finally {//System.out.println("线程2延迟结束");//}//}).start();

Thread t= new Thread(newRunnable(){public voidrun(){

System.out.println("First task started");

System.out.println("Sleeping for 2 seconds");try{

Thread.sleep(2000);

}catch(InterruptedException e){

e.printStackTrace();

}

System.out.println("First task completed");

}

});

Thread t1= new Thread(newRunnable(){public voidrun(){

System.out.println("Second task completed");

}

});//在t执行完毕后t1执行

t.start(); //Line 15

t.join(); //Line 16

t1.start();

}

}

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4，中断

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packagecom.cnblogs.mufasa.demo4;importjava.util.concurrent.Executor;importjava.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;importjava.util.concurrent.Executors;importjava.util.concurrent.Future;import staticjava.lang.Thread.interrupted;class InterruptExample extendsThread {

@Overridepublic voidrun() {

System.out.println("sleep 2s");try{

Thread.sleep(2000);

System.out.println("Thread run");

}catch(InterruptedException e) {

System.out.println("休眠中断");

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}class InterruptExample1 extendsThread {

@Overridepublic voidrun() {while (!interrupted()) {//..

}

System.out.println("Thread end");

}

}public classClient {public static voidmain(String[] args) {//InterruptExample thread1 = new InterruptExample();//thread1.start();//thread1.interrupt();//System.out.println("Main run");//InterruptExample1 thread2 = new InterruptExample1();//thread2.start();//thread2.interrupt();//ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();//executorService.execute(() -> {//try {//Thread.sleep(2000);//System.out.println("Thread run");//} catch (InterruptedException e) {//System.out.println("线程程序池全体中断");//e.printStackTrace();//}//});//executorService.shutdownNow();//System.out.println("Main run");

ExecutorService executorService=Executors.newCachedThreadPool();

Future> future=executorService.submit(()->{

System.out.println("3");while (!interrupted()){

System.out.println("2");

}

System.out.println("1");

});

future.cancel(true);//强制中断

}

}

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5，互斥同步

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代码实现：

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packagecom.cnblogs.mufasa.demo5;importjava.util.concurrent.Executor;importjava.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;importjava.util.concurrent.Executors;importjava.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;importjava.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;class SynchronizedExample {//同步代码块，作用于同一个对象

public voidfunc1() {synchronized (this) {for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {

System.out.print(i+ " ");

}

}

}

}class SynchronizedExample1 {//同步方法，作用于同一个对象

public synchronized voidfunc1() {for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {

System.out.print(i+ " ");

}

}

}class SynchronizedExample2 {//同步类，作用于整个类。

public voidfunc1() {synchronized(SynchronizedExample2.class){for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {

System.out.print(i+ " ");

}

}

}

}class SynchronizedExample3 {//同步静态方法，作用于整个类。

public static synchronized voidfunc1() {for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {

System.out.print(i+ " ");

}

}

}class LockExample {//ReentrantLock 是 java.util.concurrent(J.U.C)包中的锁。

private Lock lock=newReentrantLock();public voidfunc() {

lock.lock();try{for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {

System.out.print(i+ " ");

}

}finally{

lock.unlock();//确保解锁，防止死锁

}

}

}public classClient {public static voidmain(String[] args) {//synchronized-代码块 相同对象-同步代码块//SynchronizedExample e1=new SynchronizedExample();//ExecutorService executorService= Executors.newCachedThreadPool();//executorService.execute(()->e1.func1());//executorService.execute(()->e1.func1());//synchronized-代码块 不同对象-同步代码块,没有同步！！！//SynchronizedExample e1 = new SynchronizedExample();//SynchronizedExample e2 = new SynchronizedExample();//ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();//executorService.execute(()->e1.func1());//executorService.execute(()->e2.func1());//synchronized-方法 不同对象,没有同步！！！//SynchronizedExample1 e1 = new SynchronizedExample1();//SynchronizedExample1 e2 = new SynchronizedExample1();//ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();//executorService.execute(()->e1.func1());//executorService.execute(()->e2.func1());//synchronized-类 不同对象,有同步//SynchronizedExample2 e1 = new SynchronizedExample2();//SynchronizedExample2 e2 = new SynchronizedExample2();//ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();//executorService.execute(()->e1.func1());//executorService.execute(()->e2.func1());//synchronized-静态方法 不同对象,有同步//SynchronizedExample3 e1 = new SynchronizedExample3();//SynchronizedExample3 e2 = new SynchronizedExample3();//ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();//executorService.execute(()->e1.func1());//executorService.execute(()->e2.func1());//JDK实现的锁，作用一个对象

LockExample lockExample = newLockExample();

LockExample lockExample1= newLockExample();

ExecutorService executorService=Executors.newCachedThreadPool();

executorService.execute(()->lockExample.func());//executorService.execute(() -> lockExample1.func());

executorService.execute(() ->lockExample.func());

}

}

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6,线程协作

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样例代码：

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packagecom.cnblogs.mufasa.demo6;importjava.util.concurrent.Executor;importjava.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;importjava.util.concurrent.Executors;importjava.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;importjava.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;importjava.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;classJoinExample{private class A extendsThread{

@Overridepublic voidrun(){for(int i=0;i<10;i++){

System.out.println("A:"+i);

}

}

}private class B extendsThread {privateA a;

B(A a) {this.a =a;

}

@Overridepublic voidrun() {try{

a.join();//先完成A线程，继续B线程

} catch(InterruptedException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

System.out.println("B");

}

}public voidtest() {

A a= newA();

B b= newB(a);

b.start();

a.start();

}

}classWaitNotifyExample{public synchronized voidbefore(){

System.out.println("before");

notifyAll();//通知等待的线程

}public synchronized voidafter(){try{

wait();//先进行等待

} catch(InterruptedException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}for(int i=0;i<10;i++){

System.out.print(i);

}

System.out.println("after");

}

}classAwaitSingalExample{private Lock lock=newReentrantLock();private Condition condition=lock.newCondition();public voidbefore(){

lock.lock();try{

System.out.println("before");

condition.signalAll();

}finally{

lock.unlock();

}

}public voidafter(){

lock.lock();try{

condition.await();

System.out.println("after");

}catch(InterruptedException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}finally{

lock.unlock();

}

}

}public classClient {public static voidmain(String[] args) {//JoinExample example=new JoinExample();//example.test();//ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();//WaitNotifyExample example = new WaitNotifyExample();//WaitNotifyExample example1 = new WaitNotifyExample();//executorService.execute(() -> example.after());//executorService.execute(() -> example1.after());//executorService.execute(() -> example.before());//executorService.execute(() -> example1.before());

ExecutorService executorService=Executors.newCachedThreadPool();

AwaitSingalExample example=newAwaitSingalExample();

executorService.execute(()->example.after());

executorService.execute(()->example.before());

}

}

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7，J.U.C-AQS【java.util.concurrent】

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样例代码：

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packagecom.cnblogs.mufasa.demo7;import java.util.concurrent.*;classCyclicBarrier {private intparties;private intcount;privateRunnable barrierCommand;public CyclicBarrier(intparties,Runnable barrierAction){if (parties <= 0) throw newIllegalArgumentException();this.parties =parties;this.count =parties;this.barrierCommand =barrierAction;

}public CyclicBarrier(intparties) {this(parties, null);

}

}public classClient {public static void main(String[] args) throwsInterruptedException {final int clientCount=5;final int totalRequestCount=10;

Semaphore semaphore=newSemaphore(clientCount);

ExecutorService executorService=Executors.newCachedThreadPool();for(int i=0;i

executorService.execute(()->{try{

semaphore.acquire();

System.out.print(semaphore.availablePermits()+" ");

}catch(InterruptedException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}finally{

semaphore.release();

}

});

}

executorService.shutdown();//Semaphore//final int totalThread =10;//CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier=new CyclicBarrier(totalThread);//ExecutorService executorService=Executors.newCachedThreadPool();//for(int i=0;i{//System.out.println("before...");//try{//cyclicBarrier.wait();//源程序是await，这里只能使用wait//} catch (InterruptedException e) {//e.printStackTrace();//}//System.out.print("after..");//});//executorService.shutdown();//}//CountDownLatch实例//final int totalThread=10;//CountDownLatch countDownLatch=new CountDownLatch(3);//ExecutorService executorService= Executors.newCachedThreadPool();//for(int i=0;i<6;i++){//int finalI = i;//Thread.sleep(1000);//executorService.execute(()->{//System.out.print(finalI +"run-");//countDownLatch.countDown();//});//}//new Thread(()->{//try {//countDownLatch.await();//} catch (InterruptedException e) {//e.printStackTrace();//}//System.out.println("await等待线程");//}).start();//

//System.out.println("end");//executorService.shutdown();

}

}

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packagecom.cnblogs.mufasa.demo7;importjava.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;importjava.util.concurrent.Executors;importjava.util.concurrent.Semaphore;public classSemaphoreExample {public static voidmain(String[] args) {final int clientCount = 3;final int totalRequestCount = 10;

Semaphore semaphore= newSemaphore(clientCount);

ExecutorService executorService=Executors.newCachedThreadPool();for (int i = 0; i < totalRequestCount; i++) {

executorService.execute(()->{try{

semaphore.acquire();

System.out.print(semaphore.availablePermits()+ " ");

}catch(InterruptedException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}finally{

semaphore.release();

}

});

}

executorService.shutdown();

}

}

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8.J.U.C-其他组件

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样例代码：

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packagecom.cnblogs.mufasa.demo8;importjava.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;importjava.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool;importjava.util.concurrent.Future;importjava.util.concurrent.RecursiveTask;public class ForkJoinExample extends RecursiveTask{private final int threshold=5;private intfirst;private intlast;public ForkJoinExample(int first,intlast){this.first=first;this.last=last;

}

@OverrideprotectedInteger compute() {int result=0;if(last-first<=threshold){//运算量足够小直接计算

for(int i=first;i<=last;i++){

result+=i;

}

}else{//拆分成小任务

int middle=first+(last-first)/2;

ForkJoinExample leftTask=newForkJoinExample(first,middle);

ForkJoinExample rightTask=new ForkJoinExample(middle+1,last);

leftTask.fork();

rightTask.fork();

result=leftTask.join()+rightTask.join();

}returnresult;

}public static int sum(int first,intlast){int sum=0;for(int i=first;i<=last;i++){

sum+=i;

}returnsum;

}public static void main(String[] args) throwsExecutionException, InterruptedException {//普通方法计算//System.out.println(sum(1, 1000000000));//并行计算方法//ForkJoinExample example = new ForkJoinExample(1, 1000000000);//ForkJoinPool forkJoinPool = new ForkJoinPool();//Future result=forkJoinPool.submit(example);//System.out.println(result.get());

}

}

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packagecom.cnblogs.mufasa.demo8;importjava.util.concurrent.Callable;importjava.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;importjava.util.concurrent.Future;importjava.util.concurrent.FutureTask;public classFutureTaskExample{public static void main(String[] args) throwsExecutionException, InterruptedException {

FutureTask futureTask=new FutureTask<>(new Callable() {

@Overridepublic Integer call() throwsException {int result=0;for(int i=0;i<10;i++){

Thread.sleep(500);

System.out.println("thread-A:"+i);

result+=i;

}returnresult;

}

});

Thread computeThread=newThread(futureTask);

computeThread.start();

Thread otherThread=new Thread(()->{

System.out.println("other task is running...");try{

Thread.sleep(1000);

}catch(InterruptedException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

});

otherThread.start();

System.out.println("运行正常");

System.out.println(futureTask.get());

}

}

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packagecom.cnblogs.mufasa.demo8;importjava.util.concurrent.ArrayBlockingQueue;importjava.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;public classProducerConsumer {private static BlockingQueue queue=new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(5);private static class Producer extendsThread{

@Overridepublic voidrun() {try{

queue.put("product");

}catch(InterruptedException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

System.out.println(queue.size()+"produce..");

}

}private static class Consumer extendsThread{

@Overridepublic voidrun() {try{

String product=queue.take();

}catch(InterruptedException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

System.out.println(queue.size()+"consume..");

}

}public static void main(String[] args) {//类似缓存，协调速率

for(int i=0;i<2;i++){

Producer producer=newProducer();

producer.start();

}for(int i=0;i<5;i++){

Consumer consumer=newConsumer();

consumer.start();

}for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {

Producer producer= newProducer();

producer.start();

}

}

}

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9.线程不安全

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packagecom.cnblogs.mufasa.demo9;importjava.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;importjava.util.concurrent.Executor;importjava.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;importjava.util.concurrent.Executors;classThreadUnsafeExample{private int cnt=0;//public synchronized void add(){//输出为1000，同步后输出正常

public void add(){//不同步后，输出不正常

cnt++;

}public intget(){returncnt;

}

}public classClient {public static void main(String[] args) throwsInterruptedException {final int threadSize=1000;

ThreadUnsafeExample example=newThreadUnsafeExample();final CountDownLatch countDownLatch=newCountDownLatch(threadSize);

ExecutorService executorService=Executors.newCachedThreadPool();for(int i=0;i

executorService.execute(()->{

example.add();

countDownLatch.countDown();

});

}

countDownLatch.await();

executorService.shutdown();

System.out.println(example.get());

}

}

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10.Java内存模式

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packagecom.cnblogs.mufasa.demo10;importjava.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;importjava.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;importjava.util.concurrent.Executors;importjava.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;public classAtomicExample {private AtomicInteger cnt=newAtomicInteger();public voidadd(){

cnt.incrementAndGet();//原子自增

}public intget(){returncnt.get();

}public static void main(String[] args) throwsInterruptedException {final int threadSize=1000;

AtomicExample example=newAtomicExample();final CountDownLatch countDownLatch=newCountDownLatch(threadSize);

ExecutorService excutorService=Executors.newCachedThreadPool();for(int i=0;i

excutorService.execute(()->{

example.add();

countDownLatch.countDown();

});

}

countDownLatch.await();

excutorService.shutdown();

System.out.println(example.get());

}

}

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packagecom.cnblogs.mufasa.demo10;importjava.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;importjava.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;importjava.util.concurrent.Executors;public classAtomicSynchronizedExample {private int cnt=0;public synchronized voidadd(){

cnt++;

}public synchronized intget(){returncnt;

}public static void main(String[] args) throwsInterruptedException {final int threadSize = 1000;

AtomicSynchronizedExample example=newAtomicSynchronizedExample();final CountDownLatch countDownLatch = newCountDownLatch(threadSize);

ExecutorService executorService=Executors.newCachedThreadPool();for(int i=0;i

executorService.execute(()->{

example.add();

countDownLatch.countDown();

});

}

countDownLatch.await();

executorService.shutdown();

System.out.println(example.get());

}

}

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11.线程安全

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packagecom.cnblogs.mufasa.demo11;importjava.util.concurrent.Executor;importjava.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;importjava.util.concurrent.Executors;importjava.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;public classAtomicIntegerExample {private AtomicInteger cnt=newAtomicInteger();public voidadd(){

cnt.incrementAndGet();

}public intget(){returncnt.get();

}public static void main(String[] args) throwsInterruptedException {

AtomicIntegerExample example=newAtomicIntegerExample();

ExecutorService executorService=Executors.newCachedThreadPool();for(int i=0;i<10;i++){

executorService.execute(()->example.add());

}

Thread.sleep(100);

example.add();

System.out.println(example.get());

executorService.shutdown();

}

}

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packagecom.cnblogs.mufasa.demo11;importjava.util.Collections;importjava.util.HashMap;importjava.util.Map;public classImmutableExample {public static voidmain(String[] args) {

Map map=new HashMap<>();

map.put("b",2);

System.out.println(map.get("b"));

Map unmodifiableMap= Collections.unmodifiableMap(map);//相当于设置一下

System.out.println(unmodifiableMap.get("b"));

unmodifiableMap.put("a",1);

}

}

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packagecom.cnblogs.mufasa.demo11;importjava.util.concurrent.Executor;importjava.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;importjava.util.concurrent.Executors;public classStack_closedExample {public voidadd100() {int cnt=0;for(int i=0;i<100;i++){

cnt++;

}

System.out.println(cnt);

}public static voidmain(String[] args) {

Stack_closedExample example=newStack_closedExample();

ExecutorService executorService=Executors.newCachedThreadPool();

executorService.execute(()->example.add100());

executorService.execute(()->example.add100());

executorService.shutdown();

}

}

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packagecom.cnblogs.mufasa.demo11;public classThreadLocalExample {public static voidmain(String[] args) {

ThreadLocal threadLocal=newThreadLocal();

Thread thread1=new Thread(()->{

threadLocal.set(1);try{

Thread.sleep(1000);

}catch(InterruptedException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

System.out.println(threadLocal.get());

threadLocal.remove();

});

Thread thread2=new Thread(()->{

threadLocal.set(2);

threadLocal.remove();

});

thread1.start();

thread2.start();

}

}

View Code

8f900a89c6347c561fdf2122f13be562.png

961ddebeb323a10fe0623af514929fc1.png

packagecom.cnblogs.mufasa.demo11;public classThreadLocalExample1 {public static voidmain(String[] args) {

ThreadLocal threadLocal1=newThreadLocal();

ThreadLocal threadLocal2=newThreadLocal();

Thread thread1= new Thread(() ->{

threadLocal1.set(1);

threadLocal2.set(1);

});

Thread thread2= new Thread(() ->{

threadLocal1.set(2);

threadLocal2.set(2);

});

thread1.start();

thread2.start();

}

}

View Code

12.锁优化

3336ea9490802b74e5ef79ad72a12e87.png

8f900a89c6347c561fdf2122f13be562.png

961ddebeb323a10fe0623af514929fc1.png

packagecom.cnblogs.mufasa.demo12;public classStringExample {public staticString concatString(String s1, String s2, String s3) {return s1 + s2 +s3;

}public staticString concatString1(String s1, String s2, String s3) {

StringBuilder sb= newStringBuilder ();

sb.append(s1);

sb.append(s2);

sb.append(s3);returnsb.toString();

}public static voidmain(String[] args) {

System.out.println(concatString("12","34","56"));

System.out.println(concatString1("12","34","56"));

}

}

View Code

13.多线程开发良好的实践

2a04489e353bded9042b9d65d8650b52.png

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