原理：http://my.oschina.net/u/1458120/blog/545224

bitmap包：https://github.com/Doist/bitmapist

要求redis>= 2.6.0 

bitmapist-master.zip  安装自己下载解压 python setup.py install

（由于包内默认连接本机redis 6379 端口 ，如果想要修改 把下载的包放到自己的项目中 修改__init__.py中

SYSTEMS = {'default': redis.Redis(host='192.168.1.3', port=6379)
}

）

不能运行在集群模式下，使用时最好keys *查看存过哪些key  设置过期时间
 

事件标记默认天周月

只标记天可修改__init__.py 中_mark()函数

# obj_classes = [MonthEvents, WeekEvents, DayEvents]

# obj_classes = [DayEvents]

推荐阅读：

http://www.zhihu.com/question/21581696 

（cohort analysis 同期群分析）感觉bitmapist的 cohort 讲的就是这 

声明：本文的测试大部分都是 开源中的原测试加上自己的一些理解，读者可以直接看源文

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# from builtins import range
import os
import traceback
import subprocess
import atexit
import socket
import time
import pytest
from bitmapist.cohort import get_dates_datafrom bitmapist import setup_redis, delete_all_eventsfrom datetime import datetime, timedeltafrom bitmapist import mark_event, unmark_event,\MonthEvents, WeekEvents, DayEvents, HourEvents,\BitOpAnd, BitOpOr, get_event_names
from bitmapist.cohort import get_dates_data
##################################################################
#下面是启动redis服务 如果已经启动可忽略def redis_server():"""Fixture starting the Redis server"""redis_host = '192.168.15.100'redis_port = 6379if is_socket_open(redis_host, redis_port):yield Noneelse:proc = start_redis_server(redis_port)wait_for_socket(redis_host, redis_port)yield procproc.terminate()
def setup_redis_for_bitmapist():setup_redis('default', '192.168.15.100', 6379)setup_redis('default_copy', 'l92.168.8.101', 6380)def start_redis_server(port):"""Helper function starting Redis server"""devzero = open(os.devnull, 'r')devnull = open(os.devnull, 'w')#查看自己的redis-serverm命令proc = subprocess.Popen(['/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server', '--port', str(port)],stdin=devzero, stdout=devnull, stderr=devnull,close_fds=True)#close_fds关闭子进程atexit.register(lambda: proc.terminate())return procdef is_socket_open(host, port):"""Helper function which tests is the socket open"""sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)sock.settimeout(0.1)return sock.connect_ex((host, port)) == 0def wait_for_socket(host, port, seconds=3):"""Check if socket is up for :param:`seconds` sec, raise an error otherwise"""polling_interval = 0.1iterations = int(seconds / polling_interval)sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)sock.settimeout(0.1)for _ in range(iterations):result = sock.connect_ex((host, port))if result == 0:sock.close()breaktime.sleep(polling_interval)else:raise RuntimeError('Service at %s:%d is unreachable' % (host, port))########################################################################################
def base_test():try:setup_redis_for_bitmapist()redis_server()#mark_event的两个重要参数now=None, track_hourly=None,# track_hourly =True标记用户小时活跃  默认只标记到月周天#now=None时指现在时间   否则 指定到特定的用户活跃时间mark_event('active', 123, track_hourly=True)now = datetime.utcnow()unmark_event('active', 124, track_hourly=True)#取消标记print MonthEvents('active', now.year, now.month).has_events_marked()print set(get_event_names(batch=2))#获取所有的事件名称set(["active"])print set(get_event_names(prefix='b', batch=2))#获取所有以b开头的事件名称set（）set([])# Monthassert 123 in MonthEvents('active', now.year, now.month)assert 124 not in MonthEvents('active', now.year, now.month)# Weekassert 123 in WeekEvents('active', now.year, now.isocalendar()[1])assert 124 not in WeekEvents('active', now.year, now.isocalendar()[1])# Dayassert 123 in DayEvents('active', now.year, now.month, now.day)assert 124 not in DayEvents('active', now.year, now.month, now.day)# Hourassert 123 in HourEvents('active', now.year, now.month, now.day, now.hour)assert 124 not in HourEvents('active', now.year, now.month, now.day, now.hour)assert 124 not in HourEvents('active', now.year, now.month, now.day, now.hour-1)mark_event("active",124)#标记用户125本月活跃mark_event('active', 125)assert 125 in MonthEvents('active', now.year, now.month)#取消用户125本月活跃unmark_event('active', 125)assert 125 not in MonthEvents('active', now.year, now.month)yesterday = now - timedelta(days=1)mark_event('active', 126, now=now)mark_event('active', 127, now=yesterday)#把用户活跃标记到昨天的月周天上#获取活跃的用户数 提示错误没有bitcount命令 要求redis>= 2.6.0  info查看redis版本print MonthEvents('active', now.year, now.month).get_count()#4print list(WeekEvents('active', now.year, now.isocalendar()[1]))# [123, 124, 126, 127]print list(MonthEvents('active', now.year, now.month))#[123, 124, 126, 127]ev = DayEvents('active', now.year, now.month,now.day) # [123, 124, 126]print list(ev)#3print len(ev)#3print list(DayEvents('active',yesterday.year,yesterday.month,yesterday.day))#[127]last_month = datetime.utcnow() - timedelta(days=30)ago3_month = datetime.utcnow() - timedelta(days=60)# 123，127 128上月活跃，127 上上月活跃mark_event('active', 127, now=ago3_month)mark_event('active', 123, now=last_month)mark_event('active', 127, now=last_month)mark_event('active', 128, now=last_month)# 近三个月都活跃的用户(交集)active_3_months = BitOpAnd(MonthEvents('active', ago3_month.year, ago3_month.month),MonthEvents('active', last_month.year, last_month.month),MonthEvents('active', now.year, now.month))print list(active_3_months)#[127]active_3_months.delete()#嵌套查询active_3_months = BitOpAnd(MonthEvents('active', ago3_month.year, ago3_month.month),MonthEvents('active', last_month.year, last_month.month),BitOpAnd(MonthEvents('active', now.year, now.month)))print list(active_3_months)#[127]# 近三个月活跃过的用户（并集)print list(BitOpOr(MonthEvents('active', ago3_month.year, ago3_month.month),MonthEvents('active', last_month.year, last_month.month),MonthEvents('active', now.year, now.month)))#[123, 124, 126, 127, 128]#用备份redis查询active_2_months = BitOpAnd('default_copy',MonthEvents('active', last_month.year, last_month.month),MonthEvents('active', now.year, now.month))print list(active_2_months)active_2_months.delete()delete_all_events()#清理所有的bitmapexcept:traceback.print_exc()def test_bit_operations_complex():now = datetime.utcnow()tom = now + timedelta(days=1)mark_event('task1', 111, now=now)mark_event('task1', 111, now=tom)mark_event('task2', 111, now=now)mark_event('task2', 111, now=tom)mark_event('task1', 222, now=now)mark_event('task1', 222, now=tom)mark_event('task2', 222, now=now)mark_event('task2', 222, now=tom)now_events = BitOpAnd(DayEvents('task1', now.year, now.month, now.day),DayEvents('task2', now.year, now.month, now.day))tom_events = BitOpAnd(DayEvents('task1', tom.year, tom.month, tom.day),DayEvents('task2', tom.year, tom.month, tom.day))both_events = BitOpAnd(now_events, tom_events)print list(both_events)def test_bitop_key_sharing():#测试key共享today = datetime.utcnow()#假设task1为唱歌 task2为跳舞mark_event('task1', 111, now=today)mark_event('task2', 111, now=today)mark_event('task1', 222, now=today)mark_event('task2', 222, now=today)ev1_task1 = DayEvents('task1', today.year, today.month, today.day)ev1_task2 = DayEvents('task2', today.year, today.month, today.day)ev1_both = BitOpAnd(ev1_task1, ev1_task2)#今天即唱歌又跳舞的ev2_task1 = DayEvents('task1', today.year, today.month, today.day)ev2_task2 = DayEvents('task2', today.year, today.month, today.day)ev2_both = BitOpAnd(ev2_task1, ev2_task2)print ev1_both,ev2_bothprint ev1_both.redis_key,ev2_both.redis_keyprint  len(ev1_both), len(ev2_both)#2,2ev1_both.delete()print  len(ev1_both), len(ev2_both)#0,0 同一个查询的实例相同def test_bit_operations_magic():delete_all_events()mark_event('foo', 1)mark_event('foo', 2)mark_event('bar', 2)mark_event('bar', 3)foo = DayEvents('foo')bar = DayEvents('bar')print list(foo & bar)#交集print  list(foo | bar)#并集print  list(foo ^ bar)#异或 （foo和bar不相同的）print  list(~foo & bar)#[2]#[1, 2, 3]#[1, 3]#[3]def test_cohort():'''测试场景：当天注册用户 三天内每天有多少活跃过'''today = datetime.utcnow()#20160608yes = today - timedelta(days=1)ago2 = today - timedelta(days=2)#20160606tomorrow = today +timedelta(days=1)after2 = today +timedelta(days=2)####################################前天注册用户追踪#前天注册mark_event("regist",111,now=ago2)mark_event("regist",112,now=ago2)mark_event("regist",113,now=ago2)mark_event("regist",114,now=ago2)mark_event("regist",115,now=ago2)#前天活跃mark_event("active",111,now=ago2)mark_event("active",112,now=ago2)mark_event("active",113,now=ago2)mark_event("active",114,now=ago2)#昨天活跃的mark_event("active",111,now=yes)mark_event("active",112,now=yes)mark_event("active",113,now=yes)#今天活跃的mark_event("active",115,now=today)############################昨天注册用户追踪#昨天注册mark_event("regist",116,now=yes)mark_event("regist",117,now=yes)mark_event("regist",118,now=yes)mark_event("regist",119,now=yes)mark_event("regist",120,now=yes)#昨天活跃mark_event("active",116,now=yes)mark_event("active",117,now=yes)mark_event("active",118,now=yes)mark_event("active",119,now=yes)#今天活跃mark_event("active",119,now=today)mark_event("active",120,now=today)#明天活跃mark_event("active",116,now=tomorrow)########################################################今天注册用户追踪#今天注册mark_event("regist",121,now=today)mark_event("regist",122,now=today)mark_event("regist",123,now=today)#今天活跃mark_event("active",121,now=today)mark_event("active",122,now=today)#明天活跃mark_event("active",121,now=tomorrow)#后天活跃mark_event("active",123,now=after2)for select1,select1b,select2,select2b in [('regist', None, 'active', None)]:'''select1:初始条件 本例指注册select1b:select1的附属条件 例如中国注册用户（mark_event("registchina",123,now=today)）select2:初始条件下的过滤select2b:同select1btime_group:时间跨度 `days`, `weeks`, `months`, `years`as_precent：0输出经过select过滤后的数量  1百分比num_results：time_group+num_results 得到关注的时间范围  如近三天、三周、三月 三年num_of_rows：对select1（或select1+select1b）条件下的select2（或select2+select2b）输出未来几天（周/月/年）的本例：近三天（time_group+num_results=3days）当天注册用户(select1='regist')三天内（num_of_rows=3）每天的活跃（select2='active'）人数'''r = get_dates_data(select1=select1, select1b=select1b,select2=select2, select2b=select2b,time_group='days', as_precent=0,num_results=3, num_of_rows=3)print list(r)#当天注册   #当天活跃  #未来三天活跃
# [[datetime.datetime(2016, 6, 6, 6, 21, 43, 845437), 5,               4,     3, 1, 0.0],
#  [datetime.datetime(2016, 6, 7, 6, 21, 43, 845437), 5,               4,     2, 1, 0.0],
#  [datetime.datetime(2016, 6, 8, 6, 21, 43, 845437), 3,               2,     1, 1, '']]
#以6号为例  20160606 当天注册5人 4人活跃  未来三天20160607 在20160606注册的人中其中3人活跃 20160608 1人活跃 20160609 0人活跃(0.0代表有人活跃但不在20160606的注册人中 '' 代表压根没人活跃）
#redis中查找key：
#:6379> BITCOUNT trackist_regist_2016-6-7
#6379> BITCOUNT trackist_regist_W2016-27
#6379> BITCOUNT trackist_buyid_regist_2016-6
if __name__ == '__main__':test_bitop_key_sharing()delete_all_events()test_bit_operations_magic()delete_all_events()test_cohort()