linux 安装nginx php mysql 配置文件在哪_linux下 php+nginx+mysql安装配置

我主要是用来安装php，以及nginx和php的交互。

一安装插件

可以选择YUM安装或者源码编译安装gccgcc-c++zlib

pcre

pcre-devel

libevent

libevent-devel

libxml2

libxml2-devel

libmcrypt

libmcrypt-devel

curl-devel

libpng-devel

libtool-ltdl-devel

gd-devel

openssl

openssl-devel

ncurses-devel

cmake

mysql-devel

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二安装mysql

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tar -zxvf mysql-5.5.25.tar.gz

将mysql包解压然后放入你想要mysql的安装位置如本例中的/usr/local/webserver/mysql cmake命令需要这个路径cmake \-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/webserver/mysql \-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/user/local/webserver/mysql/data \-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1\-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1\-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1\-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1\-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1\-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1\-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysqld.sock \-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306\-DWITH_DEBUG=0\-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1回车执行，执行完成后继续执行make && makeinstall#设置Mysql

#在support-files目录中有五个配置信息文件(这里很重要，一定要根据自己的内存复制对应的cnf文件，否则mysql始终起不来)：

#my-small.cnf (内存<=64M)

#my-medium.cnf (内存 128M)

#my-large.cnf (内存 512M)

#my-huge.cnf (内存 1G-2G)

#my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf (内存 4GB)

cd/usr/local/webserver/mysqlcp ./support-files/my-huge.cnf /etc/my.cnf

vi/etc/my.cnf

#在 [mysqld] 段增加

datadir= /usr/local/webserver/mysql/datawait-timeout = 30max_connections= 512default-storage-engine =MyISAM

#在 [mysqld] 段修改

max_allowed_packet=16M//添加mysql运行的用户和用户组groupadd mysql

useradd-g mysql mysql -s /bin/false -d /home/mysql //没有shell，不可本机登陆(安全起见)cd/usr/local/webserver/mysqlchown -R root .chown -R mysql datachgrp -R mysql .//生成新的mysql授权表//进入mysql安装目录下的脚本目录 cd /usr/local/webserver/mysql/scripts//利用mysql_install_db脚本生成新的mysql授权表 ./mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/webserver/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/data --user=mysql//mysql server在系统中的服务项设置//复制服务文件并修改 cd /usr/local/webserver/mysql/support-filescpmysql.server mysqld//修改mysqld basedir=/usr/local/webserver/mysql

datadir=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/datamv mysqld /etc/init.d/mysqldchmod755 /etc/init.d/mysqld

进行上述操作后我们可以用 service mysqld start 来启动mysql服务了//设置软连接使mysql, mysqldump, mysqladmin这三个bin命令能在shell中直接运行sudoln -s /usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/binsudoln -s /usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqldump /usr/binsudoln -s /usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqladmin /usr/binrm -rf /etc/mysql/my.cnf 因为已经把此文件复制到/etc/my.cnf 如果不删除的话，mysql启动不起来。/etc/init.d/mysqld start//设置root密码 mysqladmin -u root password "admin"//mysql数据库中文乱码解决 vi /etc/my.cnf//然后在[mysqld]配置选项下添加 character-set-server=utf8//然后进入mysql cd /usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin

mysql-u root -p

提示输入密码

mysql> show variables like '%character%';

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三安装Nginx

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#tar zxvf nginx-0.8.24.tar.gz

#cd nginx-0.8.24#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx //此处在本环节只需指定一个路径 #make && makeinstall#/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx //启Nginx编写服务脚本(服务脚本请勿复制请在linux下写入不然回车换行符会引起异常)

vi/etc/init.d/nginx

把下列内容写入文件并保存 #!/bin/bash

# nginx Startup script for the Nginx HTTP Server

# this script create it by gcec at 2009.10.22.

# it is v.0.0.1 version.

# if you find any errors on this scripts,please contact gcec cyz.

# and send mail to support at gcec dot cc.

# chkconfig: - 85 15

# description: Nginx is a high-performance web and proxy server.

# It has a lot of features, but it's not for everyone.

# processname: nginx

# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid

# config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

nginxd=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx #这里设置为你安装nginx的执行文件位置

nginx_config=/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf #这里设置为你nginx的配置文件位置

nginx_pid=/var/run/nginx.pid

RETVAL=0

prog="nginx"

# Source function library.

. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

# Source networking configuration.

. /etc/sysconfig/network

# Check that networking is up.

[ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 0

[ -x $nginxd ] || exit 0

# Start nginx daemons functions.

start() {

if [ -e $nginx_pid ];then

echo "nginx already running...."

exit 1

echo -n $"Starting $prog: "

daemon $nginxd -c ${nginx_config}

RETVAL=$?

echo

[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/nginx

return $RETVAL

}

# Stop nginx daemons functions.

stop() {

echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "

killproc $nginxd

RETVAL=$?

echo

[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/nginx /var/run/nginx.pid

}

# reload nginx service functions.

reload() {

echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "

#kill -HUP `cat ${nginx_pid}`

killproc $nginxd -HUP

RETVAL=$?

echo

}

# See how we were called.

case "$1" in

start)

start

;;

stop)

stop

;;

reload)

reload

;;

restart)

stop

start

;;

status)

status $prog

RETVAL=$?

;;

echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|reload|status|help}"

exit 1

esacexit $RETVAL 保存之后赋予文件权限

chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx

我们就可以通过service nginx start 来启动服务了

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四安装php

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create user and group forfpm(fastcgi process manager)

groupadd fpm

useradd--shell /sbin/nologin -g fpm fpm

download, configure andinstall php5.3.3wget http://www.php.net/distributions/php-5.3.3.tar.gztar zxvf php-5.3.3.tar.gz

cd php-5.3.3

[直接复制]

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=fpm --with-fpm-group=fpm --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/lib --with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --without-pdo-sqlite --without-sqlite3 --without-sqlite --with-curl --enable-mbstring --with-mhash --with-mcrypt --with-openssl --with-gd --enable-sockets --with-gettext --with-zlib --enable-zip --enable-soap --with-xmlrpc --with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype --enable-gd-native-ttf

--disable-fileinfo

中途错误需要yum install几个依赖包[手敲版]

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php \--enable-fpm \--with-fpm-user=fpm \--with-fpm-group=fpm \ --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/lib #这里是配置放php.ini的存放位置--with-mysql=mysqlnd \--with-mysqli=mysqlnd \--with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \--without-pdo-sqlite \--without-sqlite3 \--without-sqlite \--with-mysql-sock=/tmp/mysql.sock \--with-curl \--enable-mbstring \--with-mhash \--with-mcrypt \--with-openssl \--with-gd \--enable-sockets \--with-gettext \--with-zlib \--enable-zip\--enable-soap \--with-xmlrpc \

--with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype \

--enable-gd-native-ttf \ --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/lib64 #64位系统lib64 32位系统lib32make && makeinstall

make出现错误virtual memory exhausted: Cannot allocate memory，在configure上加上–disable-fileinfo

如果出现mysql_config not found的错误

解决办法: vi /etc/profile 在最后加入一行 export PATH="$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin" 这个是你的mysql安装到的目录

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五配置php

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cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

复制源码包里的php.ini-development到/usr/local/php/lib vi php-fpm.conf

找到"listen=" 修改为 listen = /dev/shm/php-fpm.sock (要求php版本5.3以上该方式为使用sock文件监听)

cp /backup/php-5.3.3/php.ini-development /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini

启动php

/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm 如果设置路径正确，php.ini文件也存在，还无法加载php.ini的话修改启动命令 /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -c /etc/php.ini编写服务脚本(服务脚本请勿复制请在linux下写入不然回车换行符会引起异常)

touch /etc/init.d/phpfpm

vim /etc/init.d/phpfpm

内容如下:

#!/bin/bash

start() {

/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm

/bin/echo 'starting php listener ---[ok]'

}

stop() {

/usr/bin/pkill php-fpm

/bin/echo 'stopping php listener ---[ok]'

}

case "$1" in

start)

start

;;

stop)

stop

;;

restart)

stop

start

;;

echo 'usage:start/stop/restart'

exit 0

;;

esac

保存退出

然后就能通过 service phpfpm start/stop/restart 来启动监听

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六配置Nginx

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cat /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

查看端口为 127.0.0.1:9000

修改nginx配置文件 /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf# location / { //一定要注掉这部分，否则会不解析PHP文件，而会下载了

# root html;

# index index.html index.htm;

location~ \.php {

root 　　　www; #这是你网站的根目录

fastcgi_pass　　127.0.0.1:9000; #这里指定了fastcgi进程侦听的端口,nginx就是通过这里与php交互的

#fastcgi_pass unix:/dev/shm/php-fpm.sock;

fastcgi_index　 index.php; 　　fastcgi_param　SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root/$fastcgi_script_name;

#因为SCRIPT_FILENAME在配置中是写死的并没有随着$doucument_root变化而变化，我们可以修改SCRIPT_FILENAME配置如下 #fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;include 　　 fastcgi_params;

} 重启nginx服务

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

在/usr/local/nginx下创建www目录

mkdir www

新建一个index.php文件

cd www

vim index.php

写入

访问服务器如果起作用就说明配置成功

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七设置php nginx mysql 自启动

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我想在centos里不启用图形界面

那么选择系统运行级别为2或者3的推荐3在配置之前我们先检查下 /etc/init.d中有没有我们mysql,php,nginx的服务脚本如果没有的话先配置再做下列操作

如以上 mysqld , nginx, phpfpm 这3个脚本都编写好并且放入/etc/init.d下的话我们来配置一下自启动

我想通过一个服务来启动这3个服务那么再写一个脚本就可以了

注意:system类型的服务都可以用service来启动，用chkconfig来add 和del

但是有些自己配置的服务在用chkconfig来配置到时候会提示： “service XX does not support chkconfig”

这一般都是script不符合格式造成的，解决如下，

在script开始加入两行内容即可：

# chkconfig: - 85 15

# description: this is a World Wide Web server.

mv /etc/init.d/mysqld /etc/init.d/webapp-mysqldmv /etc/init.d/nginx /etc/init.d/webapp-nginxmv /etc/init.d/phpfpm /etc/init.d/webapp-phpfpmtouch /etc/init.d/webappvim /etc/init.d/webapp写入以下脚本

#!/bin/bash

# chkconfig: - 85 15

# description: this is a World Wide Web server.

ACTION=$1

if [ "$ACTION" = "" ] || [ "$ACTION" = "start" ];then

#start php listeners

/sbin/service webapp-phpfpm start

#start nginx service

/sbin/service webapp-nginx start

#start mysql service

/sbin/service webapp-mysqld start

echo "web applications[mysql,nginx,php] is running now !"