STM32/STM8资源节约主义编程方式

STM32/STM8资源节约主义编程方式

在小资源芯片进行代码设计时，如STM32C0系列，STM8系列，因为官方库本身要包含各种场景应用特征的支持，所以会有一些冗余的代码占用更多FLASH空间。当需要实现资源占用最简化设计方式时，可以采用如下方式：

  1. 启动一个1ms周期定时器，每个中断进行32位计数值的累加计数
  2. 实现指令方式微秒延时函数，原理参考《STM32 HAL us delay（微秒延时）的指令延时实现方式及优化》，此方法适用于所有MCU的指令方式微秒延时实现，不限于STM32/STM8。
  3. 关闭1ms周期定时器。
  4. 用微秒延时函数进行各种接口GPIO时序模拟，如I2C, SPI等等。从而不需要用到官方接口库，实现最简化代码设计。一旦实现了微秒延时函数，用微秒延时函数设计实现的STM32接口协议函数，可以移过来用于STM8。
  5. 当需要实现某种更准确的时序要求时，可以将一个或多个TIM启动，配合微秒延时函数实现各种时序设计。

这里以STM8S103F3P6为例，介绍
*模拟UART TX发送的代码，不用到TIM资源
*模拟UART TX/RX环回测试代码，使用TIM资源

以及例程下载

STM8S103F3P6 UART TX ONLY模拟协议代码

基于微秒延时函数不采用定时器的UART时序模拟原理介绍参考：《STM32 GPIO模拟UART串口：最简延时方式》，这里的逻辑为：

  1. 用TIM4实现1ms周期计数
  2. 实现微秒延时函数
  3. 关闭TIM4
  4. 用微秒延时函数实现9600波特率UART的TX发送功能，循环发送出增加的数值
  5. 这个代码在微秒延时函数实现后关闭了1ms周期计数的TIM4，因此后续运行没有用到任何TIM，也没有用到其它接口库。
    完整的实现代码在两个文件内。这里PB5为LED管脚，PC7为UART TX管脚。
    stm8s_it.c里的代码，主要是实现1ms周期中断的计数功能：
/********************************************************************************* @file     stm8s_it.c* @author   MCD Application Team* @version  V2.1.0* @date     18-November-2011* @brief    Main Interrupt Service Routines.*           This file provides template for all peripherals interrupt service *           routine.******************************************************************************* @attention** THE PRESENT FIRMWARE WHICH IS FOR GUIDANCE ONLY AIMS AT PROVIDING CUSTOMERS* WITH CODING INFORMATION REGARDING THEIR PRODUCTS IN ORDER FOR THEM TO SAVE* TIME. AS A RESULT, STMICROELECTRONICS SHALL NOT BE HELD LIABLE FOR ANY* DIRECT, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES WITH RESPECT TO ANY CLAIMS ARISING* FROM THE CONTENT OF SUCH FIRMWARE AND/OR THE USE MADE BY CUSTOMERS OF THE* CODING INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IN CONNECTION WITH THEIR PRODUCTS.** <h2><center>&copy; COPYRIGHT 2011 STMicroelectronics</center></h2>*******************************************************************************/ /* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "stm8s_it.h"
extern uint8_t i;
/** @addtogroup Template_Project* @{*//* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
/* Private functions ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Public functions ----------------------------------------------------------*/#ifdef _COSMIC_
/*** @brief Dummy Interrupt routine* @par Parameters:* None* @retval* None
*/
INTERRUPT_HANDLER(NonHandledInterrupt, 25)
{/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/
}
#endif /*_COSMIC_*//*** @brief TRAP Interrupt routine* @param  None* @retval None*/
INTERRUPT_HANDLER_TRAP(TRAP_IRQHandler)
{/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/
}/*** @brief Top Level Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/
INTERRUPT_HANDLER(TLI_IRQHandler, 0){/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/
}/*** @brief Auto Wake Up Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/
INTERRUPT_HANDLER(AWU_IRQHandler, 1)
{/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/
}/*** @brief Clock Controller Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/
INTERRUPT_HANDLER(CLK_IRQHandler, 2)
{/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/
}/*** @brief External Interrupt PORTA Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/
INTERRUPT_HANDLER(EXTI_PORTA_IRQHandler, 3)
{/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/
}/*** @brief External Interrupt PORTB Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/
INTERRUPT_HANDLER(EXTI_PORTB_IRQHandler, 4)
{/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/
}/*** @brief External Interrupt PORTC Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/INTERRUPT_HANDLER(EXTI_PORTC_IRQHandler, 5)
{/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/}/*** @brief External Interrupt PORTD Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/
INTERRUPT_HANDLER(EXTI_PORTD_IRQHandler, 6)
{/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/
}/*** @brief External Interrupt PORTE Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/
INTERRUPT_HANDLER(EXTI_PORTE_IRQHandler, 7)
{/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/
}#ifdef STM8S903
/*** @brief External Interrupt PORTF Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/INTERRUPT_HANDLER(EXTI_PORTF_IRQHandler, 8){/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/}
#endif /*STM8S903*/#if defined (STM8S208) || defined (STM8AF52Ax)
/*** @brief CAN RX Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/INTERRUPT_HANDLER(CAN_RX_IRQHandler, 8){/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/}/*** @brief CAN TX Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/INTERRUPT_HANDLER(CAN_TX_IRQHandler, 9){/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/}
#endif /*STM8S208 || STM8AF52Ax *//*** @brief SPI Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/
INTERRUPT_HANDLER(SPI_IRQHandler, 10)
{/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/
}/*** @brief Timer1 Update/Overflow/Trigger/Break Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/
INTERRUPT_HANDLER(TIM1_UPD_OVF_TRG_BRK_IRQHandler, 11)
{/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/
}/*** @brief Timer1 Capture/Compare Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/
INTERRUPT_HANDLER(TIM1_CAP_COM_IRQHandler, 12)
{/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/
}#ifdef STM8S903
/*** @brief Timer5 Update/Overflow/Break/Trigger Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/INTERRUPT_HANDLER(TIM5_UPD_OVF_BRK_TRG_IRQHandler, 13){/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/}/*** @brief Timer5 Capture/Compare Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/INTERRUPT_HANDLER(TIM5_CAP_COM_IRQHandler, 14){/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/}#else /*STM8S208, STM8S207, STM8S105 or STM8S103 or STM8AF62Ax or STM8AF52Ax or STM8AF626x */
/*** @brief Timer2 Update/Overflow/Break Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/INTERRUPT_HANDLER(TIM2_UPD_OVF_BRK_IRQHandler, 13){/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/}/*** @brief Timer2 Capture/Compare Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/INTERRUPT_HANDLER(TIM2_CAP_COM_IRQHandler, 14){/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/}
#endif /*STM8S903*/#if defined (STM8S208) || defined(STM8S207) || defined(STM8S007) || defined(STM8S105) || \defined(STM8S005) ||  defined (STM8AF62Ax) || defined (STM8AF52Ax) || defined (STM8AF626x)
/*** @brief Timer3 Update/Overflow/Break Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/INTERRUPT_HANDLER(TIM3_UPD_OVF_BRK_IRQHandler, 15){/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/}/*** @brief Timer3 Capture/Compare Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/INTERRUPT_HANDLER(TIM3_CAP_COM_IRQHandler, 16){/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/}
#endif /*STM8S208, STM8S207 or STM8S105 or STM8AF62Ax or STM8AF52Ax or STM8AF626x */#if defined (STM8S208) || defined(STM8S207) || defined(STM8S007) || defined(STM8S103) || \defined(STM8S003) ||  defined (STM8AF62Ax) || defined (STM8AF52Ax) || defined (STM8S903)
/*** @brief UART1 TX Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/INTERRUPT_HANDLER(UART1_TX_IRQHandler, 17){/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/}/*** @brief UART1 RX Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/INTERRUPT_HANDLER(UART1_RX_IRQHandler, 18){/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/}
#endif /*STM8S208 or STM8S207 or STM8S103 or STM8S903 or STM8AF62Ax or STM8AF52Ax *//*** @brief I2C Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/
INTERRUPT_HANDLER(I2C_IRQHandler, 19)
{/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/
}#if defined(STM8S105) || defined(STM8S005) ||  defined (STM8AF626x)
/*** @brief UART2 TX interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/INTERRUPT_HANDLER(UART2_TX_IRQHandler, 20){/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/}/*** @brief UART2 RX interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/INTERRUPT_HANDLER(UART2_RX_IRQHandler, 21){/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/}
#endif /* STM8S105 or STM8AF626x */#if defined(STM8S207) || defined(STM8S007) || defined(STM8S208) || defined (STM8AF52Ax) || defined (STM8AF62Ax)
/*** @brief UART3 TX interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/INTERRUPT_HANDLER(UART3_TX_IRQHandler, 20){/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/}/*** @brief UART3 RX interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/INTERRUPT_HANDLER(UART3_RX_IRQHandler, 21){/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/}
#endif /*STM8S208 or STM8S207 or STM8AF52Ax or STM8AF62Ax */#if defined(STM8S207) || defined(STM8S007) || defined(STM8S208) || defined (STM8AF52Ax) || defined (STM8AF62Ax)
/*** @brief ADC2 interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/INTERRUPT_HANDLER(ADC2_IRQHandler, 22){/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/}
#else /*STM8S105, STM8S103 or STM8S903 or STM8AF626x */
/*** @brief ADC1 interrupt routine.* @par Parameters:* None* @retval * None*/INTERRUPT_HANDLER(ADC1_IRQHandler, 22){/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/}
#endif /*STM8S208 or STM8S207 or STM8AF52Ax or STM8AF62Ax */#ifdef STM8S903
/*** @brief Timer6 Update/Overflow/Trigger Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/
INTERRUPT_HANDLER(TIM6_UPD_OVF_TRG_IRQHandler, 23){/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/}
#else /*STM8S208, STM8S207, STM8S105 or STM8S103 or STM8AF52Ax or STM8AF62Ax or STM8AF626x */
/*** @brief Timer4 Update/Overflow Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/__IO uint32_t uwTick = 0;INTERRUPT_HANDLER(TIM4_UPD_OVF_IRQHandler, 23){/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/uwTick++;   TIM4_ClearITPendingBit(TIM4_IT_UPDATE);}
#endif /*STM8S903*//*** @brief Eeprom EEC Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/
INTERRUPT_HANDLER(EEPROM_EEC_IRQHandler, 24)
{/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/
}/*** @}*//******************* (C) COPYRIGHT 2011 STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/

main.c里的代码：

/********************************************************************************* @file    Project/main.c * @author  MCD Application Team* @version V2.1.0* @date    18-November-2011* @brief   Main program body******************************************************************************* @attention** THE PRESENT FIRMWARE WHICH IS FOR GUIDANCE ONLY AIMS AT PROVIDING CUSTOMERS* WITH CODING INFORMATION REGARDING THEIR PRODUCTS IN ORDER FOR THEM TO SAVE* TIME. AS A RESULT, STMICROELECTRONICS SHALL NOT BE HELD LIABLE FOR ANY* DIRECT, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES WITH RESPECT TO ANY CLAIMS ARISING* FROM THE CONTENT OF SUCH FIRMWARE AND/OR THE USE MADE BY CUSTOMERS OF THE* CODING INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IN CONNECTION WITH THEIR PRODUCTS.** <h2><center>&copy; COPYRIGHT 2011 STMicroelectronics</center></h2>*******************************************************************************/ /* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "stm8s.h"
#include "stm8s_clk.h"/* Private defines -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
/* Private functions ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Private defines -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
/* Private functions ---------------------------------------------------------*/
void Init_GPIO(void)
{GPIO_Init(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_5, GPIO_MODE_OUT_PP_LOW_FAST);//LED       GPIO_Init(GPIOC, GPIO_PIN_7, GPIO_MODE_OUT_PP_HIGH_FAST);//UART_TXGPIO_Init(GPIOC, GPIO_PIN_6, GPIO_MODE_IN_PU_NO_IT);     //UART_RX    GPIO_WriteHigh(GPIOC, GPIO_PIN_7);}
void Init_Timer4(void)
{TIM4_TimeBaseInit(TIM4_PRESCALER_128, 125);/* Clear TIM4 update flag */TIM4_ClearFlag(TIM4_FLAG_UPDATE);/* Enable update interrupt */TIM4_ITConfig(TIM4_IT_UPDATE, ENABLE);TIM4_Cmd(ENABLE);
}/*Start of Pegasus Segment*/
extern  __IO uint32_t uwTick;__IO float usDelayBase;
void PY_usDelayTest(void)
{__IO uint32_t firstms, secondms;__IO uint32_t counter = 0;firstms = uwTick+1;secondms = firstms+1;while(uwTick!=firstms) ;while(uwTick!=secondms) counter++;usDelayBase = ((float)counter)/1000;
}void PY_Delay_us_t(uint32_t Delay)
{__IO uint32_t delayReg;__IO uint32_t usNum = (uint32_t)(Delay*usDelayBase);delayReg = 0;while(delayReg!=usNum) delayReg++;
}void PY_usDelayOptimize(void)
{__IO uint32_t firstms, secondms;__IO float coe = 1.0;firstms = uwTick;PY_Delay_us_t(1000000) ;secondms = uwTick;coe = ((float)1000)/(secondms-firstms);usDelayBase = coe*usDelayBase;
}void PY_Delay_us(uint32_t Delay)
{__IO uint32_t delayReg;__IO uint32_t msNum = Delay/1000;__IO uint32_t usNum = (uint32_t)((Delay%1000)*usDelayBase);if(msNum>0) HAL_Delay(msNum);delayReg = 0;while(delayReg!=usNum) delayReg++;
}#define GPIO_OUTPUT_EXEC_DELAY_us 40#define BaudRate_us 104 //for 9600bps#define RD (GPIO_ReadInputPin(GPIOC, GPIO_PIN_6)==GPIO_PIN_6)?1:0
#define TDL GPIO_WriteLow(GPIOC, GPIO_PIN_7)
#define TDH GPIO_WriteHigh(GPIOC, GPIO_PIN_7)#define buff_len 128
__IO uint8_t tx_status = 0;
__IO uint8_t rx_status = 0;__IO uint8_t txd[buff_len];
__IO uint8_t rxd[buff_len];__IO uint32_t txd_index=0;
__IO uint32_t rxd_index=0;__IO uint8_t bytebit=0;
__IO uint8_t bytebit_s=0;__IO uint8_t data=0;
/*Enf of Pegasus Segment*/
void main(void)
{/* Config internal high speed clock as 16MHz main clock */ //CLK_HSICmd(ENABLE);CLK_HSIPrescalerConfig(CLK_PRESCALER_HSIDIV1);CLK_HSICmd(ENABLE);CLK_ClockSwitchConfig(CLK_SWITCHMODE_AUTO, CLK_SOURCE_HSI, DISABLE, CLK_CURRENTCLOCKSTATE_DISABLE);CLK_ClockSwitchCmd(ENABLE);Init_GPIO();Init_Timer4();enableInterrupts();for(uint32_t j=0; j<0xffff; j++) ;  //for clock stabilityPY_usDelayTest();PY_usDelayOptimize();  //get us delay functiondisableInterrupts();TIM4_Cmd(DISABLE);  //no use of TIM4 nowwhile (1){PY_Delay_us_t(1000000);GPIO_WriteReverse(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_5); //Flash LED    tx_status = 1;data++;switch(tx_status){case 1:{//start bitbytebit = data;TDL;PY_Delay_us_t(BaudRate_us-GPIO_OUTPUT_EXEC_DELAY_us);tx_status ++;}case 2:{//bit 1if((bytebit&0x01)==0) TDL;else TDH;PY_Delay_us_t(BaudRate_us-GPIO_OUTPUT_EXEC_DELAY_us);bytebit >>= 1;tx_status ++;}case 3:{//bit 2if((bytebit&0x01)==0) TDL;else TDH;PY_Delay_us_t(BaudRate_us-GPIO_OUTPUT_EXEC_DELAY_us);bytebit >>= 1;tx_status ++;}case 4:{//bit 3if((bytebit&0x01)==0) TDL;else TDH;PY_Delay_us_t(BaudRate_us-GPIO_OUTPUT_EXEC_DELAY_us);bytebit >>= 1;tx_status ++;}case 5:{//bit 4if((bytebit&0x01)==0) TDL;else TDH;PY_Delay_us_t(BaudRate_us-GPIO_OUTPUT_EXEC_DELAY_us);bytebit >>= 1;tx_status ++;}case 6:{//bit 5if((bytebit&0x01)==0) TDL;else TDH;PY_Delay_us_t(BaudRate_us-GPIO_OUTPUT_EXEC_DELAY_us);bytebit >>= 1;tx_status ++;}case 7:{//bit 6if((bytebit&0x01)==0) TDL;else TDH;PY_Delay_us_t(BaudRate_us-GPIO_OUTPUT_EXEC_DELAY_us);bytebit >>= 1;tx_status ++;}case 8:{//bit 7if((bytebit&0x01)==0) TDL;else TDH;PY_Delay_us_t(BaudRate_us-GPIO_OUTPUT_EXEC_DELAY_us);bytebit >>= 1;tx_status ++;}case 9:{//bit 8if((bytebit&0x01)==0) TDL;else TDH;PY_Delay_us_t(BaudRate_us-GPIO_OUTPUT_EXEC_DELAY_us);tx_status ++;}case 10:{//stop bitTDH;PY_Delay_us_t(BaudRate_us-GPIO_OUTPUT_EXEC_DELAY_us);tx_status = 0;rx_status = 0;}default:break;}}}#ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT/*** @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number*   where the assert_param error has occurred.* @param file: pointer to the source file name* @param line: assert_param error line source number* @retval : None*/
void assert_failed(u8* file, u32 line)
{ /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) *//* Infinite loop */while (1){}
}
#endif/******************* (C) COPYRIGHT 2011 STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/

代码下载后测试效果：
在这里插入图片描述

STM8S103F3P6 UART TX/RX 模拟协议代码及环回测试

基于采用定时器的UART时序模拟介绍参考：《STM32 GPIO模拟UART串口：外部时钟及TIM方式》，注意STM8应用场景主要采用内部时钟模式，所以STM8的内部时钟稳定度尚可，配合对接收时序采样时刻的调整，可以不采用外部时钟而实现9600波特率UART稳定收发。这里的逻辑为：

  1. 用TIM4实现1ms周期计数
  2. 实现微秒延时函数
  3. 关闭TIM4
  4. 重配TIM4和启用为52us周期中断（9600波特率对应104us位宽）
  5. 实现UART接收到发送的环回功能
    完整的实现代码在两个文件内。这里PB5为LED管脚，PC7为UART TX管脚，PC6为RX管脚。

stm8s_it.c里的代码：

/********************************************************************************* @file     stm8s_it.c* @author   MCD Application Team* @version  V2.1.0* @date     18-November-2011* @brief    Main Interrupt Service Routines.*           This file provides template for all peripherals interrupt service *           routine.******************************************************************************* @attention** THE PRESENT FIRMWARE WHICH IS FOR GUIDANCE ONLY AIMS AT PROVIDING CUSTOMERS* WITH CODING INFORMATION REGARDING THEIR PRODUCTS IN ORDER FOR THEM TO SAVE* TIME. AS A RESULT, STMICROELECTRONICS SHALL NOT BE HELD LIABLE FOR ANY* DIRECT, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES WITH RESPECT TO ANY CLAIMS ARISING* FROM THE CONTENT OF SUCH FIRMWARE AND/OR THE USE MADE BY CUSTOMERS OF THE* CODING INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IN CONNECTION WITH THEIR PRODUCTS.** <h2><center>&copy; COPYRIGHT 2011 STMicroelectronics</center></h2>*******************************************************************************/ /* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "stm8s_it.h"
extern uint8_t i;
/** @addtogroup Template_Project* @{*//* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
/* Private functions ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Public functions ----------------------------------------------------------*/#ifdef _COSMIC_
/*** @brief Dummy Interrupt routine* @par Parameters:* None* @retval* None
*/
INTERRUPT_HANDLER(NonHandledInterrupt, 25)
{/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/
}
#endif /*_COSMIC_*//*** @brief TRAP Interrupt routine* @param  None* @retval None*/
INTERRUPT_HANDLER_TRAP(TRAP_IRQHandler)
{/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/
}/*** @brief Top Level Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/
INTERRUPT_HANDLER(TLI_IRQHandler, 0){/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/
}/*** @brief Auto Wake Up Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/
INTERRUPT_HANDLER(AWU_IRQHandler, 1)
{/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/
}/*** @brief Clock Controller Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/
INTERRUPT_HANDLER(CLK_IRQHandler, 2)
{/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/
}/*** @brief External Interrupt PORTA Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/
INTERRUPT_HANDLER(EXTI_PORTA_IRQHandler, 3)
{/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/
}/*** @brief External Interrupt PORTB Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/
INTERRUPT_HANDLER(EXTI_PORTB_IRQHandler, 4)
{/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/
}/*** @brief External Interrupt PORTC Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/
INTERRUPT_HANDLER(EXTI_PORTC_IRQHandler, 5)
{/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/
}/*** @brief External Interrupt PORTD Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/
INTERRUPT_HANDLER(EXTI_PORTD_IRQHandler, 6)
{/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/
}/*** @brief External Interrupt PORTE Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/
INTERRUPT_HANDLER(EXTI_PORTE_IRQHandler, 7)
{/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/
}#ifdef STM8S903
/*** @brief External Interrupt PORTF Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/INTERRUPT_HANDLER(EXTI_PORTF_IRQHandler, 8){/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/}
#endif /*STM8S903*/#if defined (STM8S208) || defined (STM8AF52Ax)
/*** @brief CAN RX Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/INTERRUPT_HANDLER(CAN_RX_IRQHandler, 8){/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/}/*** @brief CAN TX Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/INTERRUPT_HANDLER(CAN_TX_IRQHandler, 9){/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/}
#endif /*STM8S208 || STM8AF52Ax *//*** @brief SPI Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/
INTERRUPT_HANDLER(SPI_IRQHandler, 10)
{/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/
}/*** @brief Timer1 Update/Overflow/Trigger/Break Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/
INTERRUPT_HANDLER(TIM1_UPD_OVF_TRG_BRK_IRQHandler, 11)
{/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/
}/*** @brief Timer1 Capture/Compare Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/
INTERRUPT_HANDLER(TIM1_CAP_COM_IRQHandler, 12)
{/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/
}#ifdef STM8S903
/*** @brief Timer5 Update/Overflow/Break/Trigger Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/INTERRUPT_HANDLER(TIM5_UPD_OVF_BRK_TRG_IRQHandler, 13){/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/}/*** @brief Timer5 Capture/Compare Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/INTERRUPT_HANDLER(TIM5_CAP_COM_IRQHandler, 14){/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/}#else /*STM8S208, STM8S207, STM8S105 or STM8S103 or STM8AF62Ax or STM8AF52Ax or STM8AF626x */
/*** @brief Timer2 Update/Overflow/Break Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/INTERRUPT_HANDLER(TIM2_UPD_OVF_BRK_IRQHandler, 13){/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/}/*** @brief Timer2 Capture/Compare Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/INTERRUPT_HANDLER(TIM2_CAP_COM_IRQHandler, 14){/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/}
#endif /*STM8S903*/#if defined (STM8S208) || defined(STM8S207) || defined(STM8S007) || defined(STM8S105) || \defined(STM8S005) ||  defined (STM8AF62Ax) || defined (STM8AF52Ax) || defined (STM8AF626x)
/*** @brief Timer3 Update/Overflow/Break Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/INTERRUPT_HANDLER(TIM3_UPD_OVF_BRK_IRQHandler, 15){/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/}/*** @brief Timer3 Capture/Compare Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/INTERRUPT_HANDLER(TIM3_CAP_COM_IRQHandler, 16){/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/}
#endif /*STM8S208, STM8S207 or STM8S105 or STM8AF62Ax or STM8AF52Ax or STM8AF626x */#if defined (STM8S208) || defined(STM8S207) || defined(STM8S007) || defined(STM8S103) || \defined(STM8S003) ||  defined (STM8AF62Ax) || defined (STM8AF52Ax) || defined (STM8S903)
/*** @brief UART1 TX Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/INTERRUPT_HANDLER(UART1_TX_IRQHandler, 17){/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/}/*** @brief UART1 RX Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/INTERRUPT_HANDLER(UART1_RX_IRQHandler, 18){/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/}
#endif /*STM8S208 or STM8S207 or STM8S103 or STM8S903 or STM8AF62Ax or STM8AF52Ax *//*** @brief I2C Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/
INTERRUPT_HANDLER(I2C_IRQHandler, 19)
{/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/
}#if defined(STM8S105) || defined(STM8S005) ||  defined (STM8AF626x)
/*** @brief UART2 TX interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/INTERRUPT_HANDLER(UART2_TX_IRQHandler, 20){/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/}/*** @brief UART2 RX interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/INTERRUPT_HANDLER(UART2_RX_IRQHandler, 21){/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/}
#endif /* STM8S105 or STM8AF626x */#if defined(STM8S207) || defined(STM8S007) || defined(STM8S208) || defined (STM8AF52Ax) || defined (STM8AF62Ax)
/*** @brief UART3 TX interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/INTERRUPT_HANDLER(UART3_TX_IRQHandler, 20){/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/}/*** @brief UART3 RX interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/INTERRUPT_HANDLER(UART3_RX_IRQHandler, 21){/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/}
#endif /*STM8S208 or STM8S207 or STM8AF52Ax or STM8AF62Ax */#if defined(STM8S207) || defined(STM8S007) || defined(STM8S208) || defined (STM8AF52Ax) || defined (STM8AF62Ax)
/*** @brief ADC2 interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/INTERRUPT_HANDLER(ADC2_IRQHandler, 22){/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/}
#else /*STM8S105, STM8S103 or STM8S903 or STM8AF626x */
/*** @brief ADC1 interrupt routine.* @par Parameters:* None* @retval * None*/INTERRUPT_HANDLER(ADC1_IRQHandler, 22){/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/}
#endif /*STM8S208 or STM8S207 or STM8AF52Ax or STM8AF62Ax */#ifdef STM8S903
/*** @brief Timer6 Update/Overflow/Trigger Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/
INTERRUPT_HANDLER(TIM6_UPD_OVF_TRG_IRQHandler, 23){/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/}
#else /*STM8S208, STM8S207, STM8S105 or STM8S103 or STM8AF52Ax or STM8AF62Ax or STM8AF626x */
/*** @brief Timer4 Update/Overflow Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/__IO uint32_t uwTick = 0;
extern __IO uint8_t Int_Type;#define TDL GPIO_WriteLow(GPIOC, GPIO_PIN_7)
#define TDH GPIO_WriteHigh(GPIOC, GPIO_PIN_7)
#define RBIT (GPIO_ReadInputPin(GPIOC, GPIO_PIN_6)==GPIO_PIN_6)?1:0;#define buff_len 128uint8_t txd[buff_len];
uint8_t rxd[buff_len];uint32_t txd_index=0;
uint32_t rxd_index=0;#define sampling_timing_opt_us 1uint8_t half_period_ctl = 0;INTERRUPT_HANDLER(TIM4_UPD_OVF_IRQHandler, 23){/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/
extern uint8_t bytebit;
extern uint8_t bytebit_s;
extern uint8_t tx_status;
extern uint8_t rx_status;if(Int_Type == 0){ uwTick++;   }else{switch(rx_status){case 0:{bytebit = RBIT;if(bytebit==0){if(half_period_ctl==0) half_period_ctl = 1;else {half_period_ctl = 0;rx_status = 1;}}break;}case 1:{//start bitrx_status ++;rxd[rxd_index] = 0;break;}case 2:{//bit 1//PY_Delay_us_t(sampling_timing_opt_us);bytebit = RBIT;(bytebit==0)?(rxd[rxd_index]>>=1):(rxd[rxd_index]=(rxd[rxd_index]>>1)|0x80);rx_status ++;break;}case 4:{//bit 2//PY_Delay_us_t(sampling_timing_opt_us);bytebit = RBIT;(bytebit==0)?(rxd[rxd_index]>>=1):(rxd[rxd_index]=(rxd[rxd_index]>>1)|0x80);rx_status ++;break;}case 6:{//bit 3//PY_Delay_us_t(sampling_timing_opt_us);bytebit = RBIT;(bytebit==0)?(rxd[rxd_index]>>=1):(rxd[rxd_index]=(rxd[rxd_index]>>1)|0x80);rx_status ++;break;}case 8:{//bit 4//PY_Delay_us_t(sampling_timing_opt_us);bytebit = RBIT;(bytebit==0)?(rxd[rxd_index]>>=1):(rxd[rxd_index]=(rxd[rxd_index]>>1)|0x80);rx_status ++;break;}case 10:{//bit 5//PY_Delay_us_t(sampling_timing_opt_us);bytebit = RBIT;(bytebit==0)?(rxd[rxd_index]>>=1):(rxd[rxd_index]=(rxd[rxd_index]>>1)|0x80);rx_status ++;break;}case 12:{//bit 6//PY_Delay_us_t(sampling_timing_opt_us);bytebit = RBIT;(bytebit==0)?(rxd[rxd_index]>>=1):(rxd[rxd_index]=(rxd[rxd_index]>>1)|0x80);rx_status ++;break;}case 14:{//bit 7//PY_Delay_us_t(sampling_timing_opt_us);bytebit = RBIT;(bytebit==0)?(rxd[rxd_index]>>=1):(rxd[rxd_index]=(rxd[rxd_index]>>1)|0x80);rx_status ++;break;}case 16:{//bit 8//PY_Delay_us_t(sampling_timing_opt_us);bytebit = RBIT;(bytebit==0)?(rxd[rxd_index]>>=1):(rxd[rxd_index]=(rxd[rxd_index]>>1)|0x80);rx_status ++;break;}case 18:{//stop bit//PY_Delay_us_t(sampling_timing_opt_us);bytebit = RBIT;if(bytebit==1){bytebit_s = rxd[rxd_index];tx_status = 1; //Sending enable for loop-back testif(rxd_index==(buff_len-1)) rxd_index=0;else rxd_index++;}rx_status = 0;break;}default: {rx_status++;break;}}switch(tx_status){case 0:{TDH;break;}case 2:{//start bitTDL;tx_status ++;break;}case 4:{//bit 1if((bytebit_s&0x01)==0) TDL;else TDH;bytebit_s >>= 1;tx_status ++;break;}case 6:{//bit 2if((bytebit_s&0x01)==0) TDL;else TDH;bytebit_s >>= 1;tx_status ++;break;}case 8:{//bit 3if((bytebit_s&0x01)==0) TDL;else TDH;bytebit_s >>= 1;tx_status ++;break;}case 10:{//bit 4if((bytebit_s&0x01)==0) TDL;else TDH;bytebit_s >>= 1;tx_status ++;break;}case 12:{//bit 5if((bytebit_s&0x01)==0) TDL;else TDH;bytebit_s >>= 1;tx_status ++;break;}case 14:{//bit 6if((bytebit_s&0x01)==0) TDL;else TDH;bytebit_s >>= 1;tx_status ++;break;}case 16:{//bit 7if((bytebit_s&0x01)==0) TDL;else TDH;bytebit_s >>= 1;tx_status ++;break;}case 18:{//bit 8if((bytebit_s&0x01)==0) TDL;else TDH;bytebit_s >>= 1;tx_status ++;break;}case 20:{//stop bitTDH;tx_status ++;break;}case 22:{//stoptx_status = 0;break;}default: {tx_status++;break;}} }TIM4_ClearITPendingBit(TIM4_IT_UPDATE);}
#endif /*STM8S903*//*** @brief Eeprom EEC Interrupt routine.* @param  None* @retval None*/
INTERRUPT_HANDLER(EEPROM_EEC_IRQHandler, 24)
{/* In order to detect unexpected events during development,it is recommended to set a breakpoint on the following instruction.*/
}/*** @}*//******************* (C) COPYRIGHT 2011 STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/

main.c代码：

/********************************************************************************* @file    Project/main.c * @author  MCD Application Team* @version V2.1.0* @date    18-November-2011* @brief   Main program body******************************************************************************* @attention** THE PRESENT FIRMWARE WHICH IS FOR GUIDANCE ONLY AIMS AT PROVIDING CUSTOMERS* WITH CODING INFORMATION REGARDING THEIR PRODUCTS IN ORDER FOR THEM TO SAVE* TIME. AS A RESULT, STMICROELECTRONICS SHALL NOT BE HELD LIABLE FOR ANY* DIRECT, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES WITH RESPECT TO ANY CLAIMS ARISING* FROM THE CONTENT OF SUCH FIRMWARE AND/OR THE USE MADE BY CUSTOMERS OF THE* CODING INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IN CONNECTION WITH THEIR PRODUCTS.** <h2><center>&copy; COPYRIGHT 2011 STMicroelectronics</center></h2>*******************************************************************************/ /* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "stm8s.h"
#include "stm8s_clk.h"/* Private defines -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
/* Private functions ---------------------------------------------------------*//* Private defines -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
/* Private functions ---------------------------------------------------------*/
void Init_GPIO(void)
{GPIO_Init(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_5, GPIO_MODE_OUT_PP_LOW_FAST);//LED        GPIO_Init(GPIOC, GPIO_PIN_6, GPIO_MODE_IN_PU_NO_IT);     //UART_RXGPIO_Init(GPIOC, GPIO_PIN_7, GPIO_MODE_OUT_PP_HIGH_FAST);//UART_TXGPIO_WriteHigh(GPIOC, GPIO_PIN_7);}
void Init_Timer4(void)  //1ms period counter
{TIM4_TimeBaseInit(TIM4_PRESCALER_128, 125);/* Clear TIM4 update flag */TIM4_ClearFlag(TIM4_FLAG_UPDATE);/* Enable update interrupt */TIM4_ITConfig(TIM4_IT_UPDATE, ENABLE);TIM4_Cmd(ENABLE);
}void Init_Timer4_plus(void) //for UART with BDS 9600
{TIM4_TimeBaseInit(TIM4_PRESCALER_16, 51);/* Clear TIM4 update flag */TIM4_ClearFlag(TIM4_FLAG_UPDATE);/* Enable update interrupt */TIM4_ITConfig(TIM4_IT_UPDATE, ENABLE);TIM4_Cmd(ENABLE);
}
/*Start of Pegasus Segment*/
extern  __IO uint32_t uwTick;__IO float usDelayBase;
void PY_usDelayTest(void)
{__IO uint32_t firstms, secondms;__IO uint32_t counter = 0;firstms = uwTick+1;secondms = firstms+1;while(uwTick!=firstms) ;while(uwTick!=secondms) counter++;usDelayBase = ((float)counter)/1000;
}void PY_Delay_us_t(uint32_t Delay)
{__IO uint32_t delayReg;__IO uint32_t usNum = (uint32_t)(Delay*usDelayBase);delayReg = 0;while(delayReg!=usNum) delayReg++;
}void PY_usDelayOptimize(void)
{__IO uint32_t firstms, secondms;__IO float coe = 1.0;firstms = uwTick;PY_Delay_us_t(1000000) ;secondms = uwTick;coe = ((float)1000)/(secondms-firstms);usDelayBase = coe*usDelayBase;
}uint8_t bytebit=1;
uint8_t bytebit_s=1;
uint8_t tx_status = 0;
uint8_t rx_status = 0;__IO uint8_t Int_Type = 0;uint8_t td=0;/*Enf of Pegasus Segment*/
void main(void)
{/* Config internal high speed clock as 16MHz main clock */ //CLK_HSICmd(ENABLE);CLK_HSIPrescalerConfig(CLK_PRESCALER_HSIDIV1);CLK_HSICmd(ENABLE);CLK_ClockSwitchConfig(CLK_SWITCHMODE_AUTO, CLK_SOURCE_HSI, DISABLE, CLK_CURRENTCLOCKSTATE_DISABLE);CLK_ClockSwitchCmd(ENABLE);Init_GPIO();Init_Timer4();Int_Type = 0;                        //1 ms counter modeenableInterrupts();                  for(uint32_t j=0; j<0xffff; j++) ;  //for clock stabilityPY_usDelayTest();PY_usDelayOptimize();disableInterrupts() ;TIM4_Cmd(DISABLE);Int_Type = 1;                       //uart detection modeInit_Timer4_plus();        enableInterrupts();while (1){PY_Delay_us_t(1000000);    GPIO_WriteReverse(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_5);  }}#ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT/*** @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number*   where the assert_param error has occurred.* @param file: pointer to the source file name* @param line: assert_param error line source number* @retval : None*/
void assert_failed(u8* file, u32 line)
{ /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) *//* Infinite loop */while (1){}
}
#endif/******************* (C) COPYRIGHT 2011 STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/

代码下载后测试效果：
在这里插入图片描述

总结

实现最简化资源占用代码设计时，如果没有时序要求高的情况，可以用微秒延时函数模拟所有常规接口协议。如果有时序要求高的情况，可以用TIM配合实现所有常规接口协议，只用到TIM这一种官方库代码。如果MCU资源足够，用官方库代码可以减少一些模拟协议代码编程量，所以本篇内容的介绍，多用在资源少的场景。

例程下载

（IAR开发环境工程）STM8S103F3P6 UART TX ONLY模拟协议例程下载
（IAR开发环境工程）STM8S103F3P6 UART TX/RX 模拟协议及环回测试例程下载

–End–

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