python之pyQt5实例：二维码生成与读取

1、显示逻辑

2、业务逻辑

二维码的产生历史可以追溯到20世纪80年代。当时，日本Denso Wave公司为了追踪汽车零部件的运输和销售情况，开发了一种能够存储大量信息的条形码，这就是二维码的前身。到了20世纪90年代，随着手机和照相机的普及，人们开始研究如何将二维码应用到手机和相机上，以实现更快速、更便捷的数据传输和识别。

QR码（也就是我们常说的二维码）可存储 7000 多个字符，由相机等设备读取，并从像素图像中解析出包含的信息，读取速度比其他条码快得多。

1、显示逻辑

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'qr.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.15.9
#
# WARNING: Any manual changes made to this file will be lost when pyuic5 is
# run again.  Do not edit this file unless you know what you are doing.


from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets


class Ui_MainWindow(object):def setupUi(self, MainWindow):MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")MainWindow.resize(703, 409)self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")self.horizontalLayout_3 = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout(self.centralwidget)self.horizontalLayout_3.setObjectName("horizontalLayout_3")self.verticalLayout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout()self.verticalLayout.setObjectName("verticalLayout")self.horizontalLayout = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()self.horizontalLayout.setObjectName("horizontalLayout")self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)self.label.setObjectName("label")self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.label)self.textEdit = QtWidgets.QTextEdit(self.centralwidget)self.textEdit.setMarkdown("")self.textEdit.setObjectName("textEdit")self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.textEdit)self.verticalLayout.addLayout(self.horizontalLayout)self.pushButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)self.pushButton.setObjectName("pushButton")self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton)self.pushButton_2 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)self.pushButton_2.setObjectName("pushButton_2")self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton_2)self.horizontalLayout_2 = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()self.horizontalLayout_2.setObjectName("horizontalLayout_2")self.label_3 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)self.label_3.setObjectName("label_3")self.horizontalLayout_2.addWidget(self.label_3)self.textEdit_2 = QtWidgets.QTextEdit(self.centralwidget)self.textEdit_2.setObjectName("textEdit_2")self.horizontalLayout_2.addWidget(self.textEdit_2)self.verticalLayout.addLayout(self.horizontalLayout_2)self.horizontalLayout_3.addLayout(self.verticalLayout)self.label_2 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)self.label_2.setLayoutDirection(QtCore.Qt.LeftToRight)self.label_2.setMidLineWidth(0)self.label_2.setObjectName("label_2")self.horizontalLayout_3.addWidget(self.label_2)self.horizontalLayout_3.setStretch(0, 1)self.horizontalLayout_3.setStretch(1, 1)MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)self.menubar = QtWidgets.QMenuBar(MainWindow)self.menubar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 703, 23))self.menubar.setObjectName("menubar")MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menubar)self.statusbar = QtWidgets.QStatusBar(MainWindow)self.statusbar.setObjectName("statusbar")MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusbar)
self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)
def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):_translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translateMainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow"))self.label.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "写入数据"))self.textEdit.setHtml(_translate("MainWindow", "<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN\" \"http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd\">\n"
"<html><head><meta name=\"qrichtext\" content=\"1\" /><style type=\"text/css\">\n"
"p, li { white-space: pre-wrap; }\n"
"</style></head><body style=\" font-family:\'SimSun\'; font-size:9pt; font-weight:400; font-style:normal;\">\n"
"<p style=\"-qt-paragraph-type:empty; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px; -qt-block-indent:0; text-indent:0px;\"><br /></p></body></html>"))self.pushButton.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "生成二维码"))self.pushButton_2.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "读取二维码"))self.label_3.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "读取数据"))self.label_2.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "QR"))

2、业务逻辑

import sys
import qrcode
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow, QMessageBox
from PyQt5.QtGui import QPixmap, QImage
from qr import Ui_MainWindow
import cv2
import numpy as np
class Ui_logo_ui(QMainWindow):def __init__(self):super().__init__()self.ui = Ui_MainWindow()self.ui.setupUi(self)self.setWindowTitle("二维码生成与读取")
self.img = []
self.data = ""
self.ui.pushButton.clicked.connect(self.generateqrcode)self.ui.pushButton_2.clicked.connect(self.readqrcode)def generateqrcode(self):self.data = self.ui.textEdit.toPlainText()img= qrcode.make(data=self.data)img.save('qrcode.png')self.img=cv2.imread('qrcode.png')self.show_cv_img(self.img, self.ui.label_2)
def readqrcode(self):det = cv2.QRCodeDetector()val, pts, st_code = det.detectAndDecode(self.img)self.ui.textEdit_2.setPlainText(val)def show_cv_img(self, img, label):shrink = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)QtImg = QImage(shrink.data,shrink.shape[1],shrink.shape[0],shrink.shape[1] * 3,QImage.Format_RGB888)jpg_out = QPixmap(QtImg).scaled(label.width(), label.height())label.setPixmap(jpg_out)
# 添加一个退出的提示事件def closeEvent(self, event):"""我们创建了一个消息框，上面有俩按钮：Yes和No.第一个字符串显示在消息框的标题栏，第二个字符串显示在对话框，第三个参数是消息框的俩按钮，最后一个参数是默认按钮，这个按钮是默认选中的。返回值在变量reply里。"""
reply = QMessageBox.question(self, 'Message', "Are you sure to quit?", QMessageBox.Yes | QMessageBox.No,QMessageBox.No)# 判断返回值，如果点击的是Yes按钮，我们就关闭组件和应用，否则就忽略关闭事件if reply == QMessageBox.Yes:cv2.destroyAllWindows()event.accept()else:event.ignore()


if __name__ == "__main__":app = QApplication(sys.argv)mainWindow = Ui_logo_ui()mainWindow.show()sys.exit(app.exec_())