RMAN> backup archivelog all delete input;
backup as compressed backupset backupset all;###备份片的再压缩
 
all, or   until time 'sysdate -7' 
 
RMAN> run {
backup archivelog all;
delete archivelog until time 'sysdate -1' like '/u01/archives/TEST/%';
delete archivelog until time 'sysdate -5' like '/u02/archives/TEST/%';
}

RMAN> run {
    allocate channel c1 type 'sbt_tape';
    set archivelog destination to '+FRA/TEST/ARCHIVELOG/2010_08_13';
    restore archivelog
         from time "to_date('13/08/2010-00:00:00','dd/mm/yyyy-hh24:mi:ss')"
         until time "to_date('14/08/2010-00:00:00','dd/mm/yyyy-hh24:mi:ss')";
  }

run {
allocate channel ch1 device type sbt parms 'SBT_LIBRARY=/home/oracle/OPC/lib/libopc.so,ENV=(OPC_PFILE=/home/oracle/OPC/opcConfig.ora)';
backup as compressed backupset database format '%d_DB_%U';
backup as compressed backupset archivelog all not backed up format '%d_ARCH_%U';
backup as compressed backupset current controlfile format '%d_CTRL_%U';
}

To confirm if the backup metadata is missing: 

a. RMAN>list backup of database;
    
    Look for the absence of level 0 backups for the present backup cycle

b. Query v$backup_datafile:

  set lines 400
   alter session set nls_date_format='dd-mon-rr hh24:mi:ss';
  select recid, file#, to_char(creation_change#)crscn,
                incremental_level lvl, to_char(incremental_change#) incrscn, 
                to_char(checkpoint_change#) ckpscn, checkpoint_time ckptime,
                completion_time endtime, USED_CHANGE_TRACKING bct, 
                blocks_read  read, block_size bsz, blocks wrtn 
         from v$backup_datafile
         where file# > 0
           and  completion_time > '<date>';

     Look for datafile backups where incremental_change#=creation_change
         
          Sample output (edited):

recid   File# crscn  Lvl   incr_change#    ckp change#
------  ----- ------ ----- -------------   -----------------
61888    1       5    0                0   6066791848649
61975    1       5    1    6066791848649   6067000893725
62073    1       5    1    6066791848649   6067362932086
62179    1       5    1    6066791848649   6067740524868
62280    1       5    1    6066791848649   6068546799488
62393    1       5    1                5   6069467166501
   For the backup with recid 62393, the backup was based on scn 5, which is the file creation scn.

SQL> alter system set DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST_SIZE= <new size>;
 

RMAN> backup device type 'sbt_tape' recovery area;
 
 CROSSCHECK FOREIGN ARCHIVELOG ALL;
 DELETE EXPIRED FOREIGN ARCHIVELOG ALL;

- You may also need to consider changing your backup retention policy . For Example :

RMAN> configure retention policy to recovery window of 5 days;
- When using Data Guard, consider changing your archivelog deletion policy.

- In case of 11g if Archivelog deletion policy is set to a higher value, conside changing it to a lower value.

 CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO BACKED UP 1 TIMES TO SBT;

CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO BACKED UP 1 TIMES TO disk;

SELECT NAME,SPACE_LIMIT/1024/1024/1024 AS "SPACE_LIMIT(GB)",
SPACE_USED/1024/1024/1024 AS "SPACE_USED(GB)",
space_reclaimable         /1024/1024/1024 AS "space_reclaimable  (GB)",
number_of_files           AS files
FROM V$RECOVERY_FILE_DEST;
 

SELECT * FROM V$FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA_USAGE WHERE file_TYPE = 'BACKUP PIECE';
 
DELETE NOPROMPT BACKUPSET COMPLETED BEFORE 'SYSDATE-&3';
delete noprompt force archivelog all completed before 'SYSDATE-7' backed up 1 times to device type sbt;

delete noprompt force archivelog all completed before 'SYSDATE-7' backed up 1 times to device type sbt;
delete noprompt force archivelog all   backed up 1 times to device type sbt;

backup  as compressed  backupset archivelog all;
 backup as compressed  backupset database plus archivelog ; 
 Delete obsolete device type disk;
crosscheck archivelog all
 
##RAC 本地 /nfs----两个备份策略

delete noprompt expired backupset;

delete noprompt archivelog all completed before ‘sysdate-1’;

delete noprompt obsolete;

CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO redundancy 2 device type 'SBT_TAPE'；
run {
allocate channel ch00 device type 'SBT_TAPE'
   PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,
   ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";   
backup COPIES 1  recovery area   ; }   ##########备份两份 不能两次

run {
allocate channel ch00 device type 'SBT_TAPE'
   PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,
   ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";   
backup COPIES 1  RECOVERY FILES;    }  

run {
allocate channel ch00 device type 'SBT_TAPE'
   PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,
   ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";   
BACKUP COPIES 2   BACKUPSET ALL;   } 

run {
allocate channel ch00 device type 'SBT_TAPE'
   PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,
   ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";   
BACKUP COPIES 2   archivelog all;   } 

BACKUP DEVICE TYPE DISK AS BACKUPSET DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG;
BACKUP
 DEVICE TYPE sbt
 BACKUPSET ALL;  # copies backup sets on disk to tape

注：备份到sbt使用自动的通道，要求首先运行CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE sbt命令。

可以使用BACKUP BACKUPSET来管理备份空间分配。以下示例将一个星期以前创建的备份集从磁盘备份到磁带，然后从磁盘上删除它们。
BACKUP
 DEVICE TYPE sbt
 BACKUPSET COMPLETED BEFORE ‘SYSDATE-7’
 DELETE INPUT;
 
 

run {
allocate channel ch00 device type 'SBT_TAPE'
PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,
 ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";   
CROSSCHECK backup  device type 'SBT_TAPE';
Delete obsolete device type SBT_TAPE;
delete expired backup  device type SBT_TAPE;
}

run {
allocate channel ch00 device type 'SBT_TAPE'
   PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,
   ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";   
Delete obsolete device type SBT_TAPE;}

run {
allocate channel ch00 device type 'SBT_TAPE'
   PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,
   ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";   
restore datafile 3 ; }

run {
allocate channel ch00 device type 'SBT_TAPE'
   PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,
   ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";   
delete backup tag TAG20231202T170516;
 }

run {
allocate channel ch00 device type 'SBT_TAPE'
   PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,
   ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";   
list backup summary;          #####不需要带库里找 controlfile查看的
 }
 

run {
allocate channel ch00 device type 'SBT_TAPE'
   PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,
   ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=/nfs)";   
restore database until time  'sysdate -0.2';
recover database until time 'sysdate -0.2';
 }

run {
allocate channel ch1 device type sbt parms 'SBT_LIBRARY=/home/oracle/OPC/lib/libopc.so,ENV=(OPC_PFILE=/home/oracle/OPC/opcConfig.ora)';
restore database preview until time "to_date('02-MAY-2020 19:30:00','DD-MON-YYYY HH24:MI:SS')";
}