项目地址：NLP-Application-and-Practice/11_BiLSTM-ner-bilstm-crf/11.3-BiLSTM-CRF的中文命名实体识别/ner_bilstm_crf at master · zz-zik/NLP-Application-and-Practice (github.com)
读取renmindata.pkl文件
read_file_pkl.py
# encoding:utf-8import pickle# 读取数据
def load_data():pickle_path = './data_target_pkl/renmindata.pkl'with open(pickle_path, 'rb') as inp:word2id = pickle.load(inp)id2word = pickle.load(inp)tag2id = pickle.load(inp)id2tag = pickle.load(inp)x_train = pickle.load(inp)y_train = pickle.load(inp)x_test = pickle.load(inp)y_test = pickle.load(inp)x_valid = pickle.load(inp)y_valid = pickle.load(inp)print("train len:", len(x_train))print("test len:", len(x_test))print("valid len:", len(x_valid))return word2id, tag2id, x_train, x_test, x_valid, y_train, y_test, y_valid, id2tagdef main():word = load_data()print(len(word))if __name__ == '__main__':main()
这段代码定义了一个函数load_data()，用于读取存储在文件'../data_target_pkl/renminddata.pkl'中的数据。函数首先使用pickle模块打开文件，然后逐个加载文件中的数据并赋值给相应的变量。最后，打印出训练集、测试集和验证集的长度，并返回这些变量。在main()函数中，调用load_data()函数并打印其返回值。这段代码的目的是读取并加载pickle文件中的数据，并在main()函数中测试load_data()函数的正确性。
构建BiLSTM-CRF
bilstm_crf_model.py
# encoding:utf-8import torch
import torch.nn as nn
from TorchCRF import CRF
from torch.utils.data import Dataset# 命名体识别数据
class NERDataset(Dataset):def __init__(self, X, Y, *args, **kwargs):self.data = [{'x': X[i], 'y': Y[i]} for i in range(X.shape[0])]def __getitem__(self, index):return self.data[index]def __len__(self):return len(self.data)# LSTM_CRF模型
class NERLSTM_CRF(nn.Module):def __init__(self, config):super(NERLSTM_CRF, self).__init__()self.embedding_dim = config.embedding_dimself.hidden_dim = config.hidden_dimself.vocab_size = config.vocab_sizeself.num_tags = config.num_tagsself.embeds = nn.Embedding(self.vocab_size, self.embedding_dim)self.dropout = nn.Dropout(config.dropout)self.lstm = nn.LSTM(self.embedding_dim,self.hidden_dim // 2,num_layers=1,bidirectional=True,batch_first=True, # 该属性设置后，需要特别注意数据的形状)self.linear = nn.Linear(self.hidden_dim, self.num_tags)# CRF 层self.crf = CRF(self.num_tags)def forward(self, x, mask):embeddings = self.embeds(x)feats, hidden = self.lstm(embeddings)emissions = self.linear(self.dropout(feats))outputs = self.crf.viterbi_decode(emissions, mask)return outputsdef log_likelihood(self, x, labels, mask):embeddings = self.embeds(x)feats, hidden = self.lstm(embeddings)emissions = self.linear(self.dropout(feats))loss = -self.crf.forward(emissions, labels, mask)return torch.sum(loss)# ner chinese这段代码定义了一个用于命名体识别的LSTM_CRF模型。NERDataset类是一个自定义的用于存储命名体识别数据的类，继承自torch.utils.data.Dataset。NERLSTM_CRF类是一个自定义的继承自torch.nn.Module的类，用于实现LSTM_CRF模型的前向传播和训练过程。该模型包含嵌入层、LSTM层、线性层和CRF层。通过调用log_likelihood方法可以计算给定输入序列的对数似然。
模型信息
utils.py
# encoding:utf-8
import torch
from utils import load_data
from utils import parse_tags
from utils import utils_to_train
from sklearn.metrics import precision_score
from sklearn.metrics import recall_score
from sklearn.metrics import f1_score
from sklearn.metrics import classification_reportword2id = load_data()[0]
max_epoch, device, train_data_loader, valid_data_loader, test_data_loader, optimizer, model = utils_to_train()# 中文命名体识别
class ChineseNER(object):def train(self):for epoch in range(max_epoch):# 训练模式model.train()for index, batch in enumerate(train_data_loader):# 梯度归零optimizer.zero_grad()# 训练数据-->gpux = batch['x'].to(device)mask = (x > 0).to(device)y = batch['y'].to(device)# 前向计算计算损失loss = model.log_likelihood(x, y, mask)# 反向传播loss.backward()# 梯度裁剪torch.nn.utils.clip_grad_norm_(parameters=model.parameters(),max_norm=10)# 更新参数optimizer.step()if index % 200 == 0:print('epoch:%5d,------------loss:%f' %(epoch, loss.item()))# 验证损失和精度aver_loss = 0preds, labels = [], []for index, batch in enumerate(valid_data_loader):# 验证模式model.eval()# 验证数据-->gpuval_x, val_y = batch['x'].to(device), batch['y'].to(device)val_mask = (val_x > 0).to(device)predict = model(val_x, val_mask)# 前向计算损失loss = model.log_likelihood(val_x, val_y, val_mask)aver_loss += loss.item()# 统计非0的，也就是真实标签的长度leng = []res = val_y.cpu()for i in val_y.cpu():tmp = []for j in i:if j.item() > 0:tmp.append(j.item())leng.append(tmp)for index, i in enumerate(predict):preds += i[:len(leng[index])]for index, i in enumerate(val_y.tolist()):labels += i[:len(leng[index])]# 损失值与评测指标aver_loss /= (len(valid_data_loader) * 64)precision = precision_score(labels, preds, average='macro')recall = recall_score(labels, preds, average='macro')f1 = f1_score(labels, preds, average='macro')report = classification_report(labels, preds)print(report)torch.save(model.state_dict(), 'params1.data_target_pkl')# 预测，输入为单句，输出为对应的单词和标签def predict(self, input_str=""):model.load_state_dict(torch.load("../models/ner/params1.data_target_pkl"))model.eval()if not input_str:input_str = input("请输入文本: ")input_vec = []for char in input_str:if char not in word2id:input_vec.append(word2id['[unknown]'])else:input_vec.append(word2id[char])# convert to tensorsentences = torch.tensor(input_vec).view(1, -1).to(device)mask = sentences > 0paths = model(sentences, mask)res = parse_tags(input_str, paths[0])return res# 在测试集上评判性能def test(self, test_dataloader):model.load_state_dict(torch.load("../models/ner/params1.data_target_pkl"))aver_loss = 0preds, labels = [], []for index, batch in enumerate(test_dataloader):# 验证模式model.eval()# 验证数据-->gpuval_x, val_y = batch['x'].to(device), batch['y'].to(device)val_mask = (val_x > 0).to(device)predict = model(val_x, val_mask)# 前向计算损失loss = model.log_likelihood(val_x, val_y, val_mask)aver_loss += loss.item()# 统计非0的，也就是真实标签的长度leng = []for i in val_y.cpu():tmp = []for j in i:if j.item() > 0:tmp.append(j.item())leng.append(tmp)for index, i in enumerate(predict):preds += i[:len(leng[index])]for index, i in enumerate(val_y.tolist()):labels += i[:len(leng[index])]# 损失值与评测指标aver_loss /= len(test_dataloader)precision = precision_score(labels, preds, average='macro')recall = recall_score(labels, preds, average='macro')f1 = f1_score(labels, preds, average='macro')report = classification_report(labels, preds)print(report)if __name__ == '__main__':cn = ChineseNER()cn.train()
这段代码定义了一个用于命名实体识别的模型和训练函数。其中，parse_tags函数用于将模型的预测结果解码成可读的实体类别；Config类定义了一些超参数；utils_to_train函数返回训练过程中需要用到的各种对象和参数。
BiLSTM-CRF的训练
train.py
# encoding:utf-8
import torch
from utils import load_data
from utils import parse_tags
from utils import utils_to_train
from sklearn.metrics import precision_score
from sklearn.metrics import recall_score
from sklearn.metrics import f1_score
from sklearn.metrics import classification_reportword2id = load_data()[0]
max_epoch, device, train_data_loader, valid_data_loader, test_data_loader, optimizer, model = utils_to_train()# 中文命名体识别
class ChineseNER(object):def train(self):for epoch in range(max_epoch):# 训练模式model.train()for index, batch in enumerate(train_data_loader):# 梯度归零optimizer.zero_grad()# 训练数据-->gpux = batch['x'].to(device)mask = (x > 0).to(device)y = batch['y'].to(device)# 前向计算计算损失loss = model.log_likelihood(x, y, mask)# 反向传播loss.backward()# 梯度裁剪torch.nn.utils.clip_grad_norm_(parameters=model.parameters(),max_norm=10)# 更新参数optimizer.step()if index % 200 == 0:print('epoch:%5d,------------loss:%f' %(epoch, loss.item()))# 验证损失和精度aver_loss = 0preds, labels = [], []for index, batch in enumerate(valid_data_loader):# 验证模式model.eval()# 验证数据-->gpuval_x, val_y = batch['x'].to(device), batch['y'].to(device)val_mask = (val_x > 0).to(device)predict = model(val_x, val_mask)# 前向计算损失loss = model.log_likelihood(val_x, val_y, val_mask)aver_loss += loss.item()# 统计非0的，也就是真实标签的长度leng = []res = val_y.cpu()for i in val_y.cpu():tmp = []for j in i:if j.item() > 0:tmp.append(j.item())leng.append(tmp)for index, i in enumerate(predict):preds += i[:len(leng[index])]for index, i in enumerate(val_y.tolist()):labels += i[:len(leng[index])]# 损失值与评测指标aver_loss /= (len(valid_data_loader) * 64)precision = precision_score(labels, preds, average='macro')recall = recall_score(labels, preds, average='macro')f1 = f1_score(labels, preds, average='macro')report = classification_report(labels, preds)print(report)torch.save(model.state_dict(), 'params1.data_target_pkl')# 预测，输入为单句，输出为对应的单词和标签def predict(self, input_str=""):model.load_state_dict(torch.load("../models/ner/params1.data_target_pkl"))model.eval()if not input_str:input_str = input("请输入文本: ")input_vec = []for char in input_str:if char not in word2id:input_vec.append(word2id['[unknown]'])else:input_vec.append(word2id[char])# convert to tensorsentences = torch.tensor(input_vec).view(1, -1).to(device)mask = sentences > 0paths = model(sentences, mask)res = parse_tags(input_str, paths[0])return res# 在测试集上评判性能def test(self, test_dataloader):model.load_state_dict(torch.load("../models/ner/params1.data_target_pkl"))aver_loss = 0preds, labels = [], []for index, batch in enumerate(test_dataloader):# 验证模式model.eval()# 验证数据-->gpuval_x, val_y = batch['x'].to(device), batch['y'].to(device)val_mask = (val_x > 0).to(device)predict = model(val_x, val_mask)# 前向计算损失loss = model.log_likelihood(val_x, val_y, val_mask)aver_loss += loss.item()# 统计非0的，也就是真实标签的长度leng = []for i in val_y.cpu():tmp = []for j in i:if j.item() > 0:tmp.append(j.item())leng.append(tmp)for index, i in enumerate(predict):preds += i[:len(leng[index])]for index, i in enumerate(val_y.tolist()):labels += i[:len(leng[index])]# 损失值与评测指标aver_loss /= len(test_dataloader)precision = precision_score(labels, preds, average='macro')recall = recall_score(labels, preds, average='macro')f1 = f1_score(labels, preds, average='macro')report = classification_report(labels, preds)print(report)if __name__ == '__main__':cn = ChineseNER()cn.train()
这段代码实现了一个中文命名体识别的训练和预测功能。通过加载数据和训练参数，使用循环神经网络模型进行训练和验证，计算损失和评估指标，然后在测试集上进行性能评估。最后，提供一个函数用于对输入文本进行预测，并返回预测结果。
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