一.备份与还原
/***************************样例表***************************/
CREATE DATABASE booksDB;
use booksDB;CREATE TABLE books
(
bk_id INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
bk_title VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
copyright YEAR NOT NULL
);
INSERT INTO books
VALUES (11078, 'Learning MySQL', 2010),
(11033, 'Study Html', 2011),
(11035, 'How to use php', 2003),
(11072, 'Teach youself javascript', 2005),
(11028, 'Learing C++', 2005),
(11069, 'MySQL professional', 2009),
(11026, 'Guide to MySQL 5.5', 2008),
(11041, 'Inside VC++', 2011);CREATE TABLE authors
(
auth_id INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
auth_name VARCHAR(20),
auth_gender CHAR(1)
);
INSERT INTO authors
VALUES (1001, 'WriterX' ,'f'),
(1002, 'WriterA' ,'f'),
(1003, 'WriterB' ,'m'),
(1004, 'WriterC' ,'f'),
(1011, 'WriterD' ,'f'),
(1012, 'WriterE' ,'m'),
(1013, 'WriterF' ,'m'),
(1014, 'WriterG' ,'f'),
(1015, 'WriterH' ,'f');CREATE TABLE authorbook
(
auth_id INT NOT NULL,
bk_id INT NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (auth_id, bk_id),
FOREIGN KEY (auth_id) REFERENCES authors (auth_id),
FOREIGN KEY (bk_id) REFERENCES books (bk_id)
);INSERT INTO authorbook
VALUES (1001, 11033), (1002, 11035), (1003, 11072), (1004, 11028),
(1011, 11078), (1012, 11026), (1012, 11041), (1014, 11069);/***************************样例表***************************/
先创建一个专门文件夹
mkdir -p /backup/db
1、使用mysqldump命令备份数据库中的所有表
[root@localhost ~]# mysqldump -uroot -p123456 booksDB > /backup/db/booksDB.sql;
2、备份booksDB数据库中的books表
[root@localhost ~]# mysqldump -uroot -p123456 booksDB books > /backup/db/booksDB_books.sql;
3、使用mysqldump备份booksDB和test数据库
[root@localhost ~]# mysqldump -uroot -p123456 --databases booksDB test > /backup/db/booksDB_test.sql;
4、使用mysqldump备份服务器中的所有数据库
[root@localhost ~]# mysqldump -uroot -p123456 --all-databases > /backup/db/booksDB_all.sql;
5、使用mysql命令还原第二题导出的books表
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 --execute='select * from books;' booksDB > /backup/db/booksDB_books.sql;
6、进入数据库使用source命令还原第二题导出的books表
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e 'source /backup/db/booksDB_books.sql'
二、索引
1、建立一个utf8编码的数据库test1
2、建立商品表goods和栏目表category
按如下表结构创建表:存储引擎engine myisam 字符集charset utf8
mysql> desc goods;
+------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| goods_id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| goods_name | varchar(20) | NO | | | |
| cat_id | int(11) | NO | | 0 | |
| brand_id | int(11) | NO | | 0 | |
| goods_sn | char(12) | NO | | | |
| shop_price | float(6,2) | NO | | 0.00 | |
| goods_desc | text | YES | | NULL | |
+------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> desc category;
+-----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| cat_id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| cate_name | varchar(20) | NO | | | |
| parent_id | int(11) | NO | | 0 | |
+-----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
3、删除 goods 表中的 goods_desc 字段及货号字段,并增加 click_count 字段
4、在 goods_name 列上加唯一性索引(用alter table方式)
5、在 shop_price 列上加普通索引(用create index方式)
6、在 click_count 上增加普通索引,然后再删除 (分别使用drop index和alter table删除)
三、视图
学生表:Student (Sno, Sname, Ssex , Sage, Sdept)
学号,姓名,性别,年龄,所在系 Sno为主键
课程表:Course (Cno, Cname,)
课程号,课程名 Cno为主键
学生选课表:SC (Sno, Cno, Score)
学号,课程号,成绩 Sno,Cno为主键
1、创建一视图 stu_info,查询全体学生的姓名,性别,课程名,成绩。
2、删除视图 stu_info。
mysql> drop view stu_info;