Dubbo（53）如何在Spring Boot中集成Dubbo？

在Spring Boot中集成Dubbo可以通过Spring Boot Starter来简化配置，以下是详细的步骤和相关代码示例。

1. 引入依赖

首先，在Spring Boot项目的 pom.xml 中添加Dubbo相关的依赖：

<dependencies><!-- Spring Boot Starter --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId></dependency><!-- Spring Boot Starter for Dubbo --><dependency><groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId><artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId><version>2.7.8</version> <!-- 使用合适的版本 --></dependency><!-- Spring Boot Starter for Nacos (作为配置中心和注册中心) --><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.boot</groupId><artifactId>nacos-config-spring-boot-starter</artifactId><version>0.2.10</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.boot</groupId><artifactId>nacos-discovery-spring-boot-starter</artifactId><version>0.2.10</version></dependency>
</dependencies>

2. 配置Dubbo

在 application.yml 中配置Dubbo和Nacos：

spring:application:name: dubbo-demo-provider# 配置Nacos作为注册中心和配置中心cloud:nacos:discovery:server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848config:server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848file-extension: yamldubbo:application:name: dubbo-demo-providerregistry:address: nacos://127.0.0.1:8848protocol:name: dubboport: 20880scan:base-packages: com.example.dubbo.provider

3. 定义服务接口

定义一个服务接口，例如：

package com.example.dubbo;public interface MyService {String sayHello(String name);
}

4. 实现服务提供者

在Spring Boot项目中实现服务提供者，并使用 @DubboService 注解：

package com.example.dubbo.provider;import com.example.dubbo.MyService;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.DubboService;@DubboService
public class MyServiceImpl implements MyService {@Overridepublic String sayHello(String name) {return "Hello, " + name;}
}

5. 启动类

创建Spring Boot的启动类：

package com.example.dubbo;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;@SpringBootApplication
public class DubboProviderApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(DubboProviderApplication.class, args);}
}

6. 服务消费者

在另一个Spring Boot项目中配置Dubbo和Nacos，并编写服务消费者代码。

服务消费者 pom.xml：

<dependencies><!-- Spring Boot Starter --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId></dependency><!-- Spring Boot Starter for Dubbo --><dependency><groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId><artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId><version>2.7.8</version> <!-- 使用合适的版本 --></dependency><!-- Spring Boot Starter for Nacos (作为配置中心和注册中心) --><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.boot</groupId><artifactId>nacos-config-spring-boot-starter</artifactId><version>0.2.10</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.boot</groupId><artifactId>nacos-discovery-spring-boot-starter</artifactId><version>0.2.10</version></dependency>
</dependencies>

服务消费者 application.yml：

spring:application:name: dubbo-demo-consumer# 配置Nacos作为注册中心和配置中心cloud:nacos:discovery:server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848config:server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848file-extension: yamldubbo:application:name: dubbo-demo-consumerregistry:address: nacos://127.0.0.1:8848scan:base-packages: com.example.dubbo.consumer

服务消费者代码：

package com.example.dubbo.consumer;import com.example.dubbo.MyService;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.DubboReference;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;@Component
public class MyServiceConsumer implements CommandLineRunner {@DubboReferenceprivate MyService myService;@Overridepublic void run(String... args) throws Exception {System.out.println(myService.sayHello("Dubbo"));}
}

服务消费者启动类：

package com.example.dubbo;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;@SpringBootApplication
public class DubboConsumerApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(DubboConsumerApplication.class, args);}
}