Android 获取内外SD卡路径

方法一：使用`Environment`类和反射

获取内置SD卡路径：
- 通过Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath()
- 或者System.getenv("EXTERNAL_STORAGE")

获取外置SD卡路径：

String extSdcardPath = System.getenv("SECONDARY_STORAGE");

通过反射StorageVolume类中的getVolumeList()方法，遍历所有存储设备，并通过isRemovable方法判断是否为外置SD卡。

public static String getStoragePath(Context mContext, boolean is_removale) {String path = "";StorageManager mStorageManager = (StorageManager) mContext.getSystemService(Context.STORAGE_SERVICE);try {Class<?> storageVolumeClazz = Class.forName("android.os.storage.StorageVolume");Method getVolumeList = mStorageManager.getClass().getMethod("getVolumeList");Method getPath = storageVolumeClazz.getMethod("getPath");Method isRemovable = storageVolumeClazz.getMethod("isRemovable");Object result = getVolumeList.invoke(mStorageManager);final int length = Array.getLength(result);for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {Object storageVolumeElement = Array.get(result, i);path = (String) getPath.invoke(storageVolumeElement);boolean removable = (Boolean) isRemovable.invoke(storageVolumeElement);if (is_removale == removable) {return path;}}} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}return path;
}

方法二：判断外置SD卡是否存在并获取路径

判断外置SD卡是否存在：
- 使用StorageManager的getVolumeState()方法，通过传递外置SD卡路径，判断其状态是否为Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED。

获取外置SD卡路径：

通过StorageManager的getVolumePaths()方法获取所有存储路径，通常数组的第二个元素是外置SD卡的路径。

public static boolean isStorageTf(Context context) {try {StorageManager sm = (StorageManager) context.getSystemService(Context.STORAGE_SERVICE);Method getVolumeStateMethod = StorageManager.class.getMethod("getVolumeState", String.class);String state = (String) getVolumeStateMethod.invoke(sm, getTfStoragePath(context));return Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(state);} catch (Exception e) {Log.e("TF error", "not find tf", e);}return false;
}// 获取外置TF卡路径
public static String getTfStoragePath(Context context) {try {StorageManager sm = (StorageManager) context.getSystemService(Context.STORAGE_SERVICE);Method getVolumePathsMethod = StorageManager.class.getMethod("getVolumePaths");String[] paths = (String[]) getVolumePathsMethod.invoke(sm);// 通常外置SD卡是第二个元素，但这也可能因设备而异return paths[1];} catch (Exception e) {Log.e("TF error", "get Tf failed", e);}return null;
}

获取SD卡容量

使用StatFs类，传递SD卡路径，获取存储块大小、总块数和可用块数，进而计算出总容量和可用容量。

public static String getSDAllSize(Context context) {if (!isStorageTf(context)) {return "0GB";}String path = getTfStoragePath(context);StatFs sf = new StatFs(path);long blockSize = sf.getBlockSizeLong();long totalBlocks = sf.getBlockCountLong();long availableBlocks = sf.getAvailableBlocksLong();long totalMemory = totalBlocks * blockSize;long availableMemory = availableBlocks * blockSize;return formatSize(availableMemory) + "/" + formatSize(totalMemory);
}public static String formatSize(long size) {long GB = 1024 * 1024 * 1024;long MB = 1024 * 1024;long KB = 1024;if (size >= GB) {return String.format(Locale.getDefault(), "%.1f GB", (float) size / GB);} else if (size >= MB) {return String.format(Locale.getDefault(), "%.1f MB", (float) size / MB);} else if (size >= KB) {return String.format(Locale.getDefault(), "%.1f KB", (float) size / KB);} else {return String.format(Locale.getDefault(), "%d B", size);}
}