0.权限管理
前端的权限管理主要分为如下：
- 接口权限
- 路由权限
- 菜单权限
- 按钮权限
权限是对特定资源的访问许可，所谓权限控制，也就是确保用户只能访问到被分配的资源
1.项目搭建
创建vite项目
yarn create vite
配置别名
npm install path --savenpm install @types/node --save-dev
tsconfig.json
"baseUrl": ".","paths": {"@/*": ["src/*"],"@components/*": ["./src/components/*"]},
vite.config.ts
import { defineConfig } from 'vite'
import vue from '@vitejs/plugin-vue'
import path from "path";// https://vitejs.dev/config/
export default defineConfig({resolve: {// 配置路径别名alias: {"@": path.resolve(__dirname, "./src"),"@components": path.resolve(__dirname, "./src/components"),},},plugins: [vue(),]})
创建基础路由
npm i vue-router@4
const routes = [{name: "Home",path: "/",component: () => import("@/views/Home.vue"),},];export default routes; //导出import { createRouter, createWebHistory } from "vue-router";
import routes from "./router";const router = createRouter({history: createWebHistory(),routes,
});
export default router;import { createApp } from 'vue'
import './style.css'
import App from './App.vue'
import router from './router'
const app =createApp(App)
app.use(router)
app.mount('#app')
<script setup lang="ts">
</script><template><router-view></router-view>
</template><style scoped></style>配置mock
yarn add mockjs vite-plugin-mock -D
import { MockMethod } from 'vite-plugin-mock';
export default [{url: `/api/list`,method: 'get',response: () => {return [{name:'tom',age:16,nation:'USA'}];},},] as MockMethod[];vite.config.ts配置
import { defineConfig } from 'vite'
import vue from '@vitejs/plugin-vue'
import path from 'path'
import { viteMockServe } from 'vite-plugin-mock'// https://vitejs.dev/config/
export default defineConfig({resolve: {// 配置路径别名alias: {"@": path.resolve(__dirname, "./src"),"@components": path.resolve(__dirname, "./src/components"),},},plugins: [vue(),viteMockServe({mockPath: './src/mock'})]
})
使用
<script setup lang="ts">
import axios from 'axios';axios.get('/api/list').then(res=>{console.log(res.data);})
</script><template>
<h1>超市管理系统首页</h1></template><style scoped></style>
安装pinia
yarn add pinia
import { createApp } from 'vue'
import './style.css'
import App from './App.vue'
import router from './router'
import { createPinia } from 'pinia'
const pinia = createPinia()const app =createApp(App)
app.use(router)
app.use(pinia)
app.mount('#app')import { defineStore } from 'pinia'export const useMarkStore = defineStore('mark', {state: () => ({ count: 0 }),getters: {double: (state) => state.count * 2,},actions: {increment() {this.count++},},
})<script setup lang="ts">
import { useMarkStore } from '@/store/store';
import axios from 'axios';const store= useMarkStore()
axios.get('/api/list').then(res=>{console.log(res.data);})
</script><template>
<h1>超市管理系统首页</h1>
<h1>{{ store.count }}</h1></template><style scoped></style>
安装js-cookie插件
yarn add js-cookie
2.路由权限（包括菜单权限和按钮权限）
目录结构：
mock
import { MockMethod } from "vite-plugin-mock";
export default [{url: `/api/list`,method: "post",response: ({ body }) => {return body;},},{url: `/api/login`, //登录逻辑method: "post",response: ({ body }) => {let data = {};if (body.username == "tom") {data = {id: "1111",token: "4566adasdqfrqwd",};} else if (body.username == "amy") {data = {id: "222",token: "45184adaczz52za",};}return data;},},{url: `/api/getRoutes`, //简单方案：根据用户返回不同路由，真实后端逻辑：根据登录用户的角色去表里查授权该角色的的菜单method: "post",response: ({ body }) => {console.log(body);const routes = [];if (body.id == "1111") {routes.push({name: "page1",path: "/page1",component: "/Page1.vue",},{name: "page2",path: "/page2",component: "/Page2.vue",});} else if (body.id == "222") {routes.push( {name: "page3",path: "/page3",component: "/Page3.vue",});}return routes;},},
] as MockMethod[];router
store
import { defineStore } from "pinia";
import Cookies from "js-cookie";
import axios from "axios";
import routes from '@/router/router'
const modules = import.meta.glob("../views/**/*.vue");export const useMarkStore = defineStore("mark", {state: () => ({pageRoutes: <any>[], //当前页面缓存路由asyncRoutes: <any>[],//从接口获取到的路由数组}),getters: {},actions: {SET_ROUTES(_routes: any[]){//设置state中的值this.$state.asyncRoutes=_routesthis.$state.pageRoutes=routes.concat(_routes)},getRouter() {//从后端接口获取到动态路由let _id = Cookies.get("id");if (_id) {return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {axios.post("/api/getRoutes", { id: _id }).then((res) => {console.log(res);let _data = res.data;let newData = this.parseRouter(_data);this.SET_ROUTES(newData)resolve(newData);});});}},parseRouter(_data: Array<any>) {//处理后端返回的路由数据=》vite项目能解析的路由格式let _newArr: Array<any> = [];_data.forEach((item: any) => {let newItem = Object.assign({}, item);let comp = item.component;newItem.component = modules[`../views${comp}`];_newArr.push(newItem);});return _newArr;},},getButtonCode(){//按钮权限思路：//1.在登录的时候拉取按钮权限编码code['EXPORT_LIST','OPEN_MODAL']//2.将编码缓存本地//3.页面通过v-if控制按钮或是自义定指令控制按钮}
});permission.ts
import router from "@/router";
import { useMarkStore } from "@/store/store";
import Cookies from "js-cookie";//获取view下所有的vue文件
// const modules = import.meta.glob('../views/**/*.vue')// export const getCurrRoutes=(name:string)=>{// }// await axios.post('/api/getRoutes',{username:'tom'}).then(res=>{
// console.log(res);
// let _data=res.data
// _data.forEach((item:any)=>{
// let newItem=Object.assign({},item)
// let comp=item.component// newItem.component=modules[`../views${comp}`]
// router.addRoute(newItem)
// })// })
//白名单
const whiteList=['/about','/new','/login']//路由守卫
router.beforeEach(async(to,from,next)=>{const store= useMarkStore()const token=Cookies.get("token")console.log(token);if(token){if(to.path=='login'){next('/')}else{//判断是否拿了路由规则if(store.asyncRoutes.length==0){//格式化好的路由const _temp:any= await store.getRouter()_temp.forEach((item:any)=>router.addRoute(item))//继续跳转next(to.path)}else{if(to.matched.length!=0){next()}else{alert('无页面权限')next(from.path)}}}}else{if(whiteList.indexOf(to.path)!= -1){next()}else{next('/login')}}
})
Login.vue
<script setup lang="ts">
import axios from 'axios';
import { ref } from 'vue';
import Cookies from 'js-cookie'
import { useRouter } from 'vue-router';
const router =useRouter()
const username=ref()const login=()=>{axios.post('/api/login',{username:username.value}).then(res=>{console.log(res);if(res.data.token){Cookies.set('token',res.data.token)Cookies.set('id',res.data.id)router.push('/')}}) axios.post('/api/getRoutes',{username:username.value}).then(res=>{console.log(res);})
}
</script><template>
<h1>登录</h1>
<div>用户名：<input type="text" v-model="username"></div>
<button @click="login">登录</button></template><style scoped></style>Home.vue
<script setup lang="ts">
import { useMarkStore } from '@/store/store';
import axios from 'axios';
import Cookies from 'js-cookie'const store= useMarkStore()
axios.post('/api/list',{params:{name:'aaa'}}).then(res=>{console.log(res);})import { useRouter } from 'vue-router';
const router =useRouter()
const loginout=()=>{Cookies.remove('token')Cookies.remove('id')router.push('/login')
}</script><template><div @click="loginout">登出</div>
<h1>超市管理系统首页</h1>
<div>当前用户{{ }}</div>
<div>当前用户可用菜单：</div>
<div v-if="store.asyncRoutes" style="display: flex;flex-direction: column;" ><a v-for="item in store.asyncRoutes" :href="item.path">{{ item?.name }}</a>
</div></template><style scoped></style>main.ts
import { createApp } from 'vue'
import './style.css'
import App from './App.vue'
import router from './router'
import { createPinia } from 'pinia'
import '@/util/permission'
const pinia = createPinia()const app =createApp(App)
app.use(router)
app.use(pinia)
app.mount('#app')按钮权限思路
getButtonCode(){//按钮权限思路：//1.在登录的时候拉取按钮权限编码code['EXPORT_LIST','OPEN_MODAL']//2.将编码缓存本地//3.页面通过v-if控制按钮或是自义定指令控制按钮}
前端控制权限
//1.在路由配置中配置白名单
{name: "Login",path: "/login",component: () => import("@/views/Login.vue"),meta:{whiteList:['admin','tom']}},//2.在路由守卫beforeEach中判断当前用户角色是否在meta中，是就next()
效果
tom登录
amy登录
3.接口权限
登录完拿到token，将token存起来，通过axios请求拦截器进行拦截，每次请求的时候头部携带token
axios.interceptors.request.use(config => {config.headers['token'] = cookie.get('token')return config
})
axios.interceptors.response.use(res=>{},{response}=>{if (response.data.code === 40099 || response.data.code === 40098) { //token过期或者错误router.push('/login')}
})
4.注意点
mock
const login=()=>{//这里传参有三种方式：data,params,{}axios.post('/api/login',{username:'tom'}).then(res=>{console.log(res);})
import { MockMethod } from "vite-plugin-mock";
export default [{url: `/api/login`, //登录逻辑method: "post",response: ({ body }) => {//获取传的参数使用bodyreturn body;},},] as MockMethod[];addRoute
动态添加路由在vite中不能使用以下方法：
// 路由拼接
function loadView(view:string) {return () => import(`@/views/${view}`)
}
上面的代码会报错：TypeError: Failed to resolve module specifier，应该采用import.meta.glob方式
import router from "@/router";
import axios from "axios";
//获取view下所有的vue文件
const modules = import.meta.glob('../views/**/*.vue')//这里需要将异步获取的值改为同步
await axios.post('/api/getRoutes',{username:'tom'}).then(res=>{console.log(res);let _data=res.data_data.forEach((item:any)=>{let newItem=Object.assign({},item)let comp=item.componentnewItem.component=modules[`../views${comp}`]router.addRoute(newItem)})})5.源码地址
https://gitee.com/beekim/vue-route-mgr
参考：
https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/1794300
https://github.com/vitejs/vite/discussions/2746
https://blog.csdn.net/lucklymm/article/details/125420877
https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43239880/article/details/129922664
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36651686/article/details/116520731
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