经过几个小时的努力，终于实现了，根据组件名异常加载组件，直接上代码，网上的很多代码方都有坑，先贴出比较坑的代码：

<template><view class="main">		<view class="tops"><view class="info"><view class="item"><view class="tit">姓名：</view><view class="txt">{{qyUser.name}}</view></view></view></view><view><component :is="dycomp" v-if="isShow"></component></view></view>
</template>
<script setup>
import {  ref, defineAsyncComponent,markRaw } from 'vue';
import { onLoad } from "@dcloudio/uni-app";
import api from '../../api/api.js';
const qyUser = ref({});
//markRaw方法将组件对象标记为非响应式对象
//shallowRef代替ref来创建一个浅响应式对象
const dycomp = ref(null);
const isShow = ref(false);
onLoad(()=>{geQyUserInfo();loadAsyncComponent("mdIndex");	
});
const loadAsyncComponent = (componentName)=>{console.log(componentName);dycomp.value = defineAsyncComponent(() =>{import("../components/"+componentName+".vue");});isShow.value = true;}
const geQyUserInfo = ()=>{console.log(uni.getStorageSync("qyuserid"));api.geQyUserInfo({"qyuserid":uni.getStorageSync("qyuserid"),},(res)=>{qyUser.value = res.data.qyUser;	});
}
</script>
<style lang="scss" scoped>.main {background-color: #f5f6f8;width: 100%;height: 100vh;box-sizing: border-box;padding: 20rpx;.tops {background: #fff;border-radius: 20rpx;padding: 20rpx 20rpx 10rpx;.title {margin-bottom: 25rpx;border-left: 6rpx solid #1296db;padding-left: 10rpx;}.info {.item {display: flex;align-items: center;font-size: 26rpx;margin-bottom: 10rpx;.tit {flex: 1;color: #666;}.txt {flex: 4;}}}}}
</style>

最后优化后成功异步加载组件的代码：

<template><view class="main">		<view class="tops"><view class="info"><view class="item"><view class="tit">姓名：</view><view class="txt">{{qyUser.name}}</view></view></view></view><view><component :is="dycomp" v-if="isShow"></component></view></view>
</template>
<script setup>
import {  ref, defineAsyncComponent,markRaw,shallowRef } from 'vue';
import { onLoad } from "@dcloudio/uni-app";
import api from '../../api/api.js';
const qyUser = ref({});
//markRaw方法将组件对象标记为非响应式对象
//shallowRef代替ref来创建一个浅响应式对象
const dycomp = shallowRef(null);
const isShow = ref(false);
onLoad(()=>{geQyUserInfo();});
const loadAsyncComponent = (componentName)=>{console.log(componentName);dycomp.value = defineAsyncComponent({loader: () => import("../../components/"+componentName+".vue"),delay: 200,timeout: 3000});isShow.value = true;}
const geQyUserInfo = ()=>{api.geQyUserInfo({"qyuserid":uni.getStorageSync("qyuserid"),},(res)=>{qyUser.value = res.data.qyUser;loadAsyncComponent("mdIndex");});
}
</script>
<style lang="scss" scoped>.main {background-color: #f5f6f8;width: 100%;height: 100vh;box-sizing: border-box;padding: 20rpx;.tops {background: #fff;border-radius: 20rpx;padding: 20rpx 20rpx 10rpx;.title {margin-bottom: 25rpx;border-left: 6rpx solid #1296db;padding-left: 10rpx;}.info {.item {display: flex;align-items: center;font-size: 26rpx;margin-bottom: 10rpx;.tit {flex: 1;color: #666;}.txt {flex: 4;}}}}}
</style>