【C++项目】从零实现RPC框架「三」：项⽬抽象层实现

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🔥 系列专栏：C++从入门到精通

一：🔥 常⽤的零碎功能接⼝类实现
- 🦋 简单⽇志宏实现
- 🦋 Json 序列化/反序列化
- 🦋 UUID ⽣成
二：🔥 项⽬消息类型字段信息定义
- 🦋 请求字段宏定义
- 🦋 消息类型定义
- 🦋 响应码类型定义
- 🦋 RPC 请求类型定义
- 🦋 主题操作类型定义
- 🦋 服务操作类型定义
三：🔥 通信抽象实现
四：🔥 消息抽象实现
五：🔥 通信 - Muduo 封装实现
六：🔥 Dispatcher 实现
七：🔥 共勉

一：🔥 常⽤的零碎功能接⼝类实现

detail.hpp

🦋 简单⽇志宏实现

🧑‍💻 意义：快速定位程序运⾏逻辑出错的位置。

项⽬在运⾏中可能会出现各种问题，出问题不可怕，关键的是要能找到问题，并解决问题。

解决问题的⽅式：

gdb 调试：逐步调试过于繁琐，缓慢。主要⽤于程序崩溃后的定位。
系统运⾏⽇志分析：在任何程序运⾏有可能逻辑错误的位置进⾏输出提⽰，快速定位逻辑问题的位置。

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <string>
#include <fstream>
#include <sstream>
#include <memory>
#include <filesystem> // c++17
#include <random>
#include <time.h>
#include "Mutex.hpp"namespace rpc
{using namespace LockModule;// 获取一下当前系统的时间std::string CurrentTime(){time_t time_stamp = ::time(nullptr);struct tm curr;localtime_r(&time_stamp, &curr); // 时间戳，获取可读性较强的时间信息Schar buffer[1024];// bugsnprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%4d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d:%02d",curr.tm_year + 1900,curr.tm_mon + 1,curr.tm_mday,curr.tm_hour,curr.tm_min,curr.tm_sec);return buffer;}// 构成：1. 构建日志字符串 2. 刷新落盘(screen, file)// 1. 日志文件的默认路径和文件名const std::string defaultlogpath = "./log/";const std::string defaultlogname = "log.txt";// 2. 日志等级enum class LogLevel{DEBUG = 1,INFO,WARNING,ERROR,FATAL};std::string Level2String(LogLevel level){switch (level){case LogLevel::DEBUG:return "DEBUG";case LogLevel::INFO:return "INFO";case LogLevel::WARNING:return "WARNING";case LogLevel::ERROR:return "ERROR";case LogLevel::FATAL:return "FATAL";default:return "None";}}// 3. 刷新策略class LogStrategy{public:virtual ~LogStrategy() = default;virtual void SyncLog(const std::string &message) = 0;};// 3.1 控制台策略class ConsoleLogStrategy : public LogStrategy{public:ConsoleLogStrategy(){}~ConsoleLogStrategy(){}void SyncLog(const std::string &message){LockGuard lockguard(_lock);std::cout << message << std::endl;}private:Mutex _lock;};// 3.2 文件级（磁盘）策略class FileLogStrategy : public LogStrategy{public:FileLogStrategy(const std::string &logpath = defaultlogpath, const std::string &logname = defaultlogname): _logpath(logpath), _logname(logname){// 确认_logpath是存在的LockGuard lockguard(_lock);if (std::filesystem::exists(_logpath)){return;}try{std::filesystem::create_directories(_logpath);}catch (const std::filesystem::filesystem_error &e){std::cerr << e.what() << '\n';}}~FileLogStrategy(){}void SyncLog(const std::string &message){LockGuard lockguard(_lock);std::string log = _logpath + _logname; // ./log/log.txtstd::ofstream out(log, std::ios::app); // 日志写入，一定是追加if (!out.is_open()){return;}out << message << '\n';out.close();}private:std::string _logpath;std::string _logname;Mutex _lock;};// 日志类：构建日志字符串，根据策略，进行刷新class Logger{public:Logger(){// 默认采用ConsoleLogStrategy策略_strategy = std::make_shared<ConsoleLogStrategy>();}void EnableConsoleLog(){_strategy = std::make_shared<ConsoleLogStrategy>();}void EnableFileLog(){_strategy = std::make_shared<FileLogStrategy>();}~Logger(){}// 一条完整的信息：[2024-08-04 12:27:03] [DEBUG] [202938] [main.cc] [16] + 日志的可变部分(<< "hello world" << 3.14 << a << b;)class LogMessage{public:LogMessage(LogLevel level, const std::string &filename, int line, Logger &logger): _currtime(CurrentTime()), _level(level), _pid(::getpid()), _filename(filename), _line(line), _logger(logger){std::stringstream ssbuffer;ssbuffer << "[" << _currtime << "] "<< "[" << Level2String(_level) << "] "<< "[" << _pid << "] "<< "[" << _filename << "] "<< "[" << _line << "] - ";_loginfo = ssbuffer.str();}template <typename T>LogMessage &operator<<(const T &info){std::stringstream ss;ss << info;_loginfo += ss.str();return *this;}~LogMessage(){if (_logger._strategy){_logger._strategy->SyncLog(_loginfo);}}private:std::string _currtime; // 当前日志的时间LogLevel _level;       // 日志等级pid_t _pid;            // 进程pidstd::string _filename; // 源文件名称??int _line;             // 日志所在的行号Logger &_logger;       // 负责根据不同的策略进行刷新std::string _loginfo;  // 一条完整的日志记录};// 就是要拷贝LogMessage operator()(LogLevel level, const std::string &filename, int line){return LogMessage(level, filename, line, *this); // 优化成一次构造一次析构了 连续的构造 + 拷贝构造}private:std::shared_ptr<LogStrategy> _strategy; // 日志刷新的策略方案};Logger logger;#define LOG(Level) logger(Level, __FILE__, __LINE__)
#define ENABLE_CONSOLE_LOG() logger.EnableConsoleLog()
#define ENABLE_FILE_LOG() logger.EnableFileLog()
}

Mutex.hpp 是对Linux下pthread库的封装

#pragma once
#include <iostream>
#include <pthread.h>namespace LockModule
{class Mutex{public:Mutex(const Mutex&) = delete;const Mutex& operator = (const Mutex&) = delete;Mutex(){int n = ::pthread_mutex_init(&_lock, nullptr);(void)n;}~Mutex(){int n = ::pthread_mutex_destroy(&_lock);(void)n;}void Lock(){int n = ::pthread_mutex_lock(&_lock);(void)n;}pthread_mutex_t *LockPtr(){return &_lock;}void Unlock(){int n = ::pthread_mutex_unlock(&_lock);(void)n;}private:pthread_mutex_t _lock;};class LockGuard{public:LockGuard(Mutex &mtx):_mtx(mtx){_mtx.Lock();}~LockGuard(){_mtx.Unlock();}private:Mutex &_mtx;};
}

🦋 Json 序列化/反序列化

#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>
#include <memory>
#include <jsoncpp/json/json.h>namespace rpc
{class JSON{public:// 实现字符串的序列化static bool Serialize(const Json::Value &val, std::string &body){std::stringstream ss;// 先实例化一个工厂类对象static Json::StreamWriterBuilder swb;// 再使用工厂类对象来生产派生类std::unique_ptr<Json::StreamWriter> sw(swb.newStreamWriter());int ret = sw->write(val, &ss);if (ret != 0){LOG(LogLevel::ERROR) << "Json Serialize failed!";return false;}body = ss.str();return true;}// 实现json字符串的反序列化static bool UnSerialize(const std::string &body, Json::Value &val){// 实例化工厂类对象static Json::CharReaderBuilder crb;std::unique_ptr<Json::CharReader> cr(crb.newCharReader());std::string errs;bool ret = cr->parse(body.c_str(), body.c_str() + body.size(), &val, &errs);if (ret == false){LOG(LogLevel::ERROR) << "Json UnSerialize failed! " << errs;return false;}return true;}};
}