将db_name=dcpfarei 修改成 db_name=dcpfardb，使用oracle自带的nid工具修改
修改前：
SQL> show parameter nameNAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
cdb_cluster_name string
cell_offloadgroup_name string
db_file_name_convert string
db_name string dcpfarei
db_unique_name string dcpfarei
global_names boolean FALSE
instance_name string dcpfardb
lock_name_space string
log_file_name_convert string
pdb_file_name_convert string
processor_group_name stringNAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
service_names string dcpfarei1、切换到需要修改的实例环境下
[oracle@database-001 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=dcpfardb2、关闭数据库并且启动到mount状态
[oracle@database-001 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
-- 关闭数据库
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.-- 启动到mount状态
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.Total System Global Area 3.2212E+10 bytes
Fixed Size 13634144 bytes
Variable Size 7717519360 bytes
Database Buffers 2.4428E+10 bytes
Redo Buffers 53473280 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL>
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.17.0.0.0
[oracle@database-001 ~]$3、修改db_name
[oracle@database-001 ~]$ nid target=sys dbname=dcpfardb DBNEWID: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Mon Jul 22 09:21:35 2024Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Password:
Connected to database DCPFAREI (DBID=71171141)Connected to server version 19.17.0Control Files in database:/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/DCPFARDB/control01.ctl/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DCPFARDB/control02.ctlChange database ID and database name DCPFAREI to DCPFARDB? (Y/[N]) => yProceeding with operation
Changing database ID from 71171141 to 333839022
Changing database name from DCPFAREI to DCPFARDBControl File /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/DCPFARDB/control01.ctl - modifiedControl File /oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DCPFARDB/control02.ctl - modifiedDatafile /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/DCPFARDB/system.db - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/DCPFARDB/sysaux.db - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/DCPFARDB/undotbs.db - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/DCPFARDB/dlex_tdp_fares1_data.db - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/DCPFARDB/dlex_tdp_fares1_index.db - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/DCPFARDB/dlex_tdp_fares1_lob.db - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/DCPFARDB/dlex_skdata_purge_data.db - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/DCPFARDB/dlex_skdata_purge_index.db - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/DCPFARDB/dlex_skdata_purge_lob.db - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/DCPFARDB/dlex_tdp_fares_index01.db - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/DCPFARDB/dlex_tdp_fares_data01.db - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/DCPFARDB/users01.db - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/DCPFARDB/undotbs01.db - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/DCPFARDB/dlex_tdp_fares_lob01.db - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/DCPFARDB/dlex_tdp_fares1_index01.db - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/DCPFARDB/dlex_tdp_fares1_data01.db - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/DCPFARDB/dlex_tdp_fares1_lob01.db - dbid changed, wrote new nameDatafile /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/DCPFARDB/temp01.db - dbid changed, wrote new nameControl File /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/DCPFARDB/control01.ctl - dbid changed, wrote new nameControl File /oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DCPFARDB/control02.ctl - dbid changed, wrote new nameInstance shut downDatabase name changed to DCPFARDB.
Modify parameter file and generate a new password file before restarting.
Database ID for database DCPFARDB changed to 333839022.
All previous backups and archived redo logs for this database are unusable.
Database is not aware of previous backups and archived logs in Recovery Area.
Database has been shutdown, open database with RESETLOGS option.
Succesfully changed database name and ID.
DBNEWID - Completed succesfully.[oracle@pet-datalex-ecs-database-001 ~]$ 4、修改数据库动态启动文件参数
[oracle@pet-datalex-ecs-database-001 ~]$ ps -ef |grep smon
oracle 9384 8238 0 09:23 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto smon
oracle 18857 1 0 Jul21 ? 00:00:00 ora_smon_tstttdp1[oracle@database-001 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=dcpfardb
[oracle@database-001 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Mon Jul 22 09:23:18 2024
Version 19.17.0.0.0Copyright (c) 1982, 2022, Oracle. All rights reserved.Connected to an idle instance.SQL> startup nomount;
ORACLE instance started.Total System Global Area 3.2212E+10 bytes
Fixed Size 13634144 bytes
Variable Size 3690987520 bytes
Database Buffers 2.8454E+10 bytes
Redo Buffers 53473280 bytes-- 修改数据库动态文件
SQL> alter system set db_name='dcpfardb' scope=spfile;System altered.
SQL> alter system set db_unique_name='dcpfardb' scope=spfile;System altered.SQL>5、修改完动态文件，关闭数据库，重启数据库
SQL> shutdown immediate
ORA-01507: database not mounted
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.17.0.0.0[oracle@database-001 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=dcpfardb
[oracle@database-001 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Mon Jul 22 09:28:27 2024
Version 19.17.0.0.0Copyright (c) 1982, 2022, Oracle. All rights reserved.Connected to an idle instance.SQL> startup nomount;
ORACLE instance started.Total System Global Area 3.2212E+10 bytes
Fixed Size 13634144 bytes
Variable Size 3690987520 bytes
Database Buffers 2.8454E+10 bytes
Redo Buffers 53473280 bytes
SQL> show parameter nameNAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
cdb_cluster_name string
cell_offloadgroup_name string
db_file_name_convert string
db_name string dcpfardb
db_unique_name string dcpfardb
global_names boolean FALSE
lock_name_space string
log_file_name_convert string
pdb_file_name_convert string
processor_group_name stringNAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
service_names string dcpfardb
SQL> Database altered.-- 通过上面查看，修改成功
-- 打开数据库需要resetlogs方式打开 SQL> alter database open resetlogs;Database altered.SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.17.0.0.06、修改完dbname后，需要重新创建密码文件
-- 切换到密码文件位置
[oracle@database-001 ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
-- 删除密码文件
[oracle@database-001 dbs]$ rm -rf orapwdcpfardb
-- 删除修改前db_name相关文件
[oracle@database-001 dbs]$ rm -rf initdcpfardb.ora_bak lkDCPFAREI
-- 创建密码文件
[oracle@database-001 dbs]$ orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwdcpfardb password=Fare1n*land entries=16 force=y
-- 删除修改前的静态文件
[oracle@database-001 dbs]$ rm -rf initdcpfardb.ora
-- 重新创建静态文件、修改sys和system的密码
[oracle@database-001 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=dcpfardb
[oracle@database-001 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> create pfile from spfile;SQL> select instance_name,status from v$instance;
SQL> set linesize 1024select * from v$version;SQL> alter user sys identified by "password";
User altered.SQL> alter user system identified by "password";
User altered.SQL> 7、全库备份
-- 由于修改完dbname，后 ，dbID 发生了改变，需要全库做个备份
[oracle@pet-datalex-ecs-database-001 ~]$ rman target /
RMAN> run {
allocate channel c1 type disk;
allocate channel c2 type disk;
allocate channel c3 type disk;
allocate channel c4 type disk;
sql 'alter system archive log current';
backup full database filesperset 20 format '/oracle/rman/full_%d_%T_%s_%p';
sql 'alter system archive log current';
backup archivelog all format '/oracle/rman/arch_%d_%T_%s_%p';
backup current controlfile format '/oracle/rman/ctl_%d_%T_%s_%p';
release channel c1;
release channel c2;
release channel c3;
release channel c4;
}修改后：
SQL> show parameter nameNAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
cdb_cluster_name string
cell_offloadgroup_name string
db_file_name_convert string
db_name string dcpfardb
db_unique_name string dcpfardb
global_names boolean FALSE
lock_name_space string
log_file_name_convert string
pdb_file_name_convert string
processor_group_name stringNAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
service_names string dcpfardb
SQL>
至此，数据库db_name 修改完成
8、修改完db_name后，rman登录报了如下错误
[oracle@database-001 ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Mon Nov 7 17:15:54 2022
Version 19.17.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
PL/SQL package SYS.DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE version 19.16.00.00 in TARGET database is not current
PL/SQL package SYS.DBMS_RCVMAN version 19.16.00.00 in TARGET database is not current
connected to target database: DCPFARDB (DBID=2411995666)*********************************************************************************************************************
PL/SQL package SYS.DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE version 19.16.00.00 in TARGET database is not current
PL/SQL package SYS.DBMS_RCVMAN version 19.16.00.00 in TARGET database is not current
*********************************************************************************************************************-- 报了上面的错误，是因为版本没有更新的原因
RMAN>
解决方法：
上面报错解决方案如下：
[oracle@pet-datalex-ecs-database-001 ～]$ export ORACLE_SID=dcpfardb
[oracle@pet-datalex-ecs-database-001 ～]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
-- 切换日志
SQL> alter system switch logfile;System altered.SQL> /System altered.SQL> /System altered.-- 将缓冲数据写入到数据文件中
SQL> alter system checkpoint;System altered.SQL> /System altered.SQL> /System altered.-- 然后执行下面的四个sql
SQL> @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/dbmsrman.sql
SQL> @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/prvtrmns.plb
SQL> @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/dbmsbkrs.sql
SQL> @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/prvtbkrs.plb
SQL> exit然后, 重新rman登录就好了
[oracle@database-001 ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Mon Nov 7 17:15:54 2022
Version 19.17.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: DCPFARDB (DBID=2411995666)RMAN> 
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分布式环境初始化)
