见面礼,动态查看gpu使用情况,每隔2秒钟自动执行一次 nvidia-smi
$ watch -n 2 nvidia-smi
1,找一台nv kmd列表中支持的 GPU 的电脑,安装ubuntu22.04
列表见 github of the kmd source code。
因为 cuda sdk 12.3支持最高到 ubuntu 22.04,故
下载 ubuntu 22.04...iso
rufus 刷U盘
重启电脑,F2F8F10F12一起按
进入 setup,修改启动顺序,选U盘第一
一步步安装好,
reboot
修改apt 国内源
为编译Linux kernel 安装软件:
sudo apt updatesudo apt upgradesudo apt install build-essential
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install libncurses-dev && sudo apt-get install build-essential && sudo apt-get install flex bison && sudo apt-get install libssl-dev && sudo apt-get install binutils && sudo apt-get install libelf-dev && sudo apt-get install openssh-server && sudo apt-get install vim && sudo apt-get install bc && sudo apt-get install dwarves && sudo apt-get install zstd
sudo apt-get updatesudo apt-get install libssl-devsudo apt-get install binutilssudo apt-get install libelf-devsudo apt-get install dwarves
2,重新编译安装Linux kernel
sudo apt install linux-source-6.5.0
sudo apt install linux-source-6.5.0
ls
mkdir ex_kernel_linux_debug
cd ex_kernel_linux_debug/
ls
cp /usr/src/linux-source-6.5.0.tar.bz2 ./
tar -xvjf linux-source-6.5.0.tar.bz2
cd linux-source-6.5.0/cp /boot/config-6.5.0-44-generic ./.config
make oldconfig
编译 kernel :
$ make -j
安装 kernel :
$ sudo make modules_install$ sudo make install$ sudo reboot
3, 安装 cuda sdk 12.3 但保留最后两步
按照nv官方步骤,先执行step1的安装
3.1 安装之前需要设置黑名单,官方指导
https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-installation-guide-linux/#removing-cuda-toolkit-and-driver
具体操作:
复制如下:
8.3.6. UbuntuCreate a file at /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-nouveau.conf with the following contents:blacklist nouveauoptions nouveau modeset=0Regenerate the kernel initramfs:sudo update-initramfs -u
3.2 安装 cuda sdk step 1
操作链接:
https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-12-3-0-download-archive?target_os=Linux&target_arch=x86_64&Distribution=Ubuntu&target_version=22.04&target_type=deb_local
wget https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/ubuntu2204/x86_64/cuda-ubuntu2204.pinsudo mv cuda-ubuntu2204.pin /etc/apt/preferences.d/cuda-repository-pin-600wget https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/12.3.0/local_installers/cuda-repo-ubuntu2204-12-3-local_12.3.0-545.23.06-1_amd64.debsudo dpkg -i cuda-repo-ubuntu2204-12-3-local_12.3.0-545.23.06-1_amd64.debsudo cp /var/cuda-repo-ubuntu2204-12-3-local/cuda-*-keyring.gpg /usr/share/keyrings/sudo apt-get updatesudo apt-get -y install cuda-toolkit-12-3
4, 使用开源代码替代step2
4.1 下载编译 NV gpu 的开源 kmd
下载:
https://github.com/NVIDIA/open-gpu-kernel-modules
git clone https://github.com/NVIDIA/open-gpu-kernel-modules.gitcd open-gpu-kernel-modulesgit checkout 545.23.06git branch
有时候下载会失败,下载下来后做好备份。或者 fork 到自己的github 账号后再clone
4.2 编译安装
make clean
make -j12
sudo make modules_install
sudo make install
sudo reboot
5,执行step 3 安装 cuda
sudo apt-get install -y cuda-drivers-545
测试:
$ nvidia-smi
$ ./vectorAdd
6,怎么验证这个kmd是从 源码安装的呢?
在开源代码中 加点printk等代码看看:
重新编译安装
$ make modules -j
$ make modules_install -j
重启电脑
$ sudo reboot
然后执行:
$ sudo dmesg
这名加载的是开源代码的ko文件。
运行APP:
备忘个链接:
Index of /XFree86/FreeBSD-x86_64/520.56.06
https://images.nvidia.com/content/pdf/nvswitch-technical-overview.pdf
https://www.amax.com/unleashing-next-level-gpu-performance-with-nvidia-nvlink/
https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/data-center/nvlink/
https://hc34.hotchips.org/assets/program/conference/day2/Network%20and%20Switches/NVSwitch%20HotChips%202022%20r5.pdf