直接上代码：

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cctype>// Function to compare two strings in a natural way
bool naturalCompare(const std::string& a, const std::string& b) {size_t i = 0, j = 0;while (i < a.size() && j < b.size()) {// Skip leading zeros in numbersif (std::isdigit(a[i]) && std::isdigit(b[j])){size_t valA = 0, valB = 0;std::string strA {};std::string strB {};while(i < a.length() && std::isdigit(a[i])) {valA += (a[i] -'0');if(valA != 0) {strA.push_back(a[i]);}i++;}while(j < b.length() && std::isdigit(b[j])) {valB += (b[j] -'0');if(valB != 0) {strB.push_back(b[j]);}j++;}if(strA != strB && strA.size() == strB.size()) {return strA <strB;}if(strA != strB && strA.size() != strB.size()) {return strA.size() <strB.size();}} else {// Compare characters if not both are digitsif (a[i] != b[j]) {return a[i] < b[j];}++i;++j;}}// If we reach the end of one of the stringsreturn a.size() < b.size();
}int main() {std::vector<std::string> vec = {"b3", "", "file1.txt", "file20.txt","fi.txt","a","15","C10","c00013A","c0013A","c00000013A","00000013A","","   ","&&&__","$%^&*()()++","99999999999999999999999999999999999999999","9999999999999999999999aaa9999999999999999999","9999999999999999999999AAA9999999999999999999","a_123456789123456789abc","a_123456789123456789bbc","bcm123bbc445","bcm123bbc4","bcm123bbc4451","bcm123bbc445kk"};// Sort the vector using the naturalCompare functionstd::sort(vec.begin(), vec.end(), naturalCompare);// Print the sorted vectorfor (const auto& str : vec) {std::cout << str << std::endl;}return 0;
}

代码说明：

        .数字和字符分开

                判断是否是数字

                        将a的数字提取到strA，（不加入前缀0，但是中间的0需要）

                        将b的数字提取到strB

                        比较strA和strB是否相等 && strA和strB的size是否相等（不相等，而且位数也不相等）

                                按照位数（size）排序

                        比较strA和strB是否相等 && strA和strB的size是否相等（不相等，而且位数相等）

                                按照字母顺序表排序

                是字符：

                        按照字母顺序表进行排序。

测试结果：