Python-基于Pygame的小游戏(贪吃蛇)（一）

前言:贪吃蛇是一款经典的电子游戏，最早可以追溯到1976年的街机游戏Blockade。随着诺基亚手机的普及，贪吃蛇游戏在1990年代变得广为人知。它是一款休闲益智类游戏，适合所有年龄段的玩家，其最初为单机模式，后来随着技术发展，出现了多种版本和玩法，包括团战模式、赏金模式和挑战模式等。随着互联网和智能手机的普及，多人在线对战的版本也出现了，大大增加了游戏的社交性和竞技性。那么好，今天我们就用pygame等编写一个简单的贪吃蛇小游戏，来感受一下童年游戏的快乐。

编程思路:本次我们将会用到pygame,random,tkinter等库。

第一步：准备必要的库

本次编程中我们所需导入的库:pygame,random,tkinter中只有pygame属于第三方库。因此，在运行/编写代码前我们需先准备好pygame库。

具体步骤：在PyCharm终端输入"pip install pygame"并回车等待一段时间。（如下所示）

pip install pygame

第二步：完整代码展示

import pygame
import random
from tkinter import messageboxWHITE= (255, 255, 255)
GREEN = (0, 255, 0)
RED = (255, 0, 0)
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)pygame.init()
WINDOW_WIDTH = 800
WINDOW_HEIGHT = 600
window = pygame.display.set_mode((WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_HEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption('贪吃蛇游戏')
BLOCK_SIZE = 20
clock = pygame.time.Clock()class Snake:def __init__(self):self.body = [(WINDOW_WIDTH / 2, WINDOW_HEIGHT / 2)]self.direction = 'RIGHT'def move(self):head_x, head_y = self.body[0]if self.direction == 'RIGHT':new_head = (head_x + BLOCK_SIZE, head_y)elif self.direction == 'LEFT':new_head = (head_x - BLOCK_SIZE, head_y)elif self.direction == 'UP':new_head = (head_x, head_y - BLOCK_SIZE)else:new_head = (head_x, head_y + BLOCK_SIZE)self.body.insert(0, new_head)self.body.pop()def change_direction(self, new_direction):if new_direction == 'RIGHT' and self.direction!= 'LEFT':self.direction = new_directionelif new_direction == 'LEFT' and self.direction!= 'RIGHT':self.direction = new_directionelif new_direction == 'UP' and self.direction!= 'DOWN':self.direction = new_directionelif new_direction == 'DOWN' and self.direction!= 'UP':self.direction = new_directiondef grow(self):tail = self.body[-1]self.body.append(tail)class Food:def __init__(self):self.position = (random.randint(0, (WINDOW_WIDTH - BLOCK_SIZE) // BLOCK_SIZE) * BLOCK_SIZE,random.randint(0, (WINDOW_HEIGHT - BLOCK_SIZE) // BLOCK_SIZE) * BLOCK_SIZE)def respawn(self):self.position = (random.randint(0, (WINDOW_WIDTH - BLOCK_SIZE) // BLOCK_SIZE) * BLOCK_SIZE,random.randint(0, (WINDOW_HEIGHT - BLOCK_SIZE) // BLOCK_SIZE) * BLOCK_SIZE)def draw(snake, food):window.fill(WHITE)for segment in snake.body:pygame.draw.rect(window, GREEN, [segment[0], segment[1], BLOCK_SIZE, BLOCK_SIZE])pygame.draw.rect(window, RED, [food.position[0], food.position[1], BLOCK_SIZE, BLOCK_SIZE])pygame.display.update()def check_collision(snake, food):head = snake.body[0]if head[0] < 0 or head[0] >= WINDOW_WIDTH or head[1] < 0 or head[1] >= WINDOW_HEIGHT:return Truefor segment in snake.body[1:]:if head == segment:return Trueif head == food.position:snake.grow()food.respawn()return Falsedef main():snake = Snake()food = Food()running = Truewhile running:for event in pygame.event.get():if event.type == pygame.QUIT:running = Falseelif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:if event.key == pygame.K_UP:snake.change_direction('UP')elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:snake.change_direction('DOWN')elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:snake.change_direction('LEFT')elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:snake.change_direction('RIGHT')snake.move()if check_collision(snake, food):running = Falsemessagebox.showwarning('Game Over', '游戏结束！')draw(snake, food)clock.tick(8)pygame.quit()if __name__ == '__main__':main()

运行效果展示：