先下载源码和编译程序：

首先查看 OpenHarmony4.1源码下载、编译，生成OHOS_Image可执行文件的最简易流程

准备在QEMU模拟器中运行ARM Cortex-M4的轻型开源鸿蒙系统

官方支持的开发板和模拟器种类-编译形态整体说明OpenAtom OpenHarmony
已支持的示例工程，Qemu模拟器: arm_mps2_an386、esp32、riscv32_virt、SmartL_E802
Qemu Arm Cortex-m4 mps2-an386 教程：arm_mps2_an386/README_zh.md · OpenHarmony/device_qemu - Gitee.com

在电脑上安装QEMU模拟器软件，可以在Windows下安装，也可以在Linux发行版下安装

Qemu安装-QEMU Quick Emulator QEMU在Ubuntu下的安装流程：device_qemu: Hardware platforms emulation by QEMU | QEMU模拟不同的硬件单板；是下载源码后再编译，编译速度很慢，可以make只编译ARM部分的，这样编译速度会快很多

…/configure --target-list=arm-softmmu,arm-linux-user
make -j4
sudo make install

在Windows下的安装流程简单
Windows的所有安装包QEMU for Windows – Installers (64 bit) 安装6.2.0及以上的版本都可以
官网下载很慢，可以用国内网站下载 https://www.mydown.com/soft/172/726002172.shtml
Windows下安装后手动配置好QEMU的环境变量，或者进入到D:\Program Files\qemu的目录下打开CMD命令行界面

Ubuntu回到OpenHarmony源码根目录下，使用命令行用QEMU模拟器运行开源鸿蒙系统

./qemu-run --help
./qemu-run -e out/arm_mps2_an386/qemu_mini_system_demo/OHOS_Image
qemu-run是个脚本，可以用文本文件打开，它里面也是调用的qemu-system-arm，并且传入了需要的参数

这是开源鸿蒙在QEMU硬件模拟器中运行的结果，在网口时程序跑飞了，可能源码中对QEMU Cortex-M4的适配有点问题，你也可以再尝试一下别的QEMU开发板，步骤和上述流程一样的：

roots@ubuntu:~/openHarmony$ ./qemu-run -e out/arm_mps2_an386/qemu_mini_system_demo/OHOS_Image
board: arm_mps2_an386Enter to start qemu[y/n]:entering kernel init...
LfsLowLevelInit: DiskPartition succeed
LfsLowLevelInit: PartitionFormat succeed
LfsLowLevelInit: mount fs on '/littlefs' succeed
LfsLowLevelInit: mkdir '/littlefs' succeed
tcpip_init start
*************Exception Information**************
Type      = 11
ThrdPid   = 25
Phase     = exc in task
FaultAddr = 0xabababab
Current task info:
Task name = (null)
Task ID   = 25
Task SP   = (nil)
Task ST   = 0x0
Task SS   = 0x0
Exception reg dump:
PC        = 0x2100e62a
LR        = 0x2101b045
SP        = 0x210b18e0
R0        = 0x210a725c
R1        = 0x200
R2        = 0x210a725c
R3        = 0x2108a9b3
R4        = 0x0
R5        = 0x0
R6        = 0x0
R7        = 0x210b18e8
R8        = 0x0
R9        = 0x0
R10       = 0x0
R11       = 0x0
R12       = 0xc8000000
PriMask   = 0x0
xPSR      = 0x610f0000
----- backtrace start -----
backtrace 0 -- lr = 0x21015178
backtrace 1 -- lr = 0x2101b044
backtrace 2 -- lr = 0x210235da
backtrace 3 -- lr = 0x210235e2
backtrace 4 -- lr = 0x2102379a
----- backtrace end -----
qemu: fatal: Lockup: can't escalate 3 to HardFault (current priority -1)R00=210b2ad0 R01=2109fa3f R02=210a18f8 R03=6c0da998
R04=00000000 R05=00000060 R06=00000018 R07=210b1708
R08=00000019 R09=000003e8 R10=218ba1e8 R11=00000000
R12=00000000 R13=210b1708 R14=210011db R15=21000fcc
XPSR=21030006 --C- T handler
s00=00000000 s01=00000000 d00=0000000000000000
s02=00000000 s03=00000000 d01=0000000000000000
s04=00000000 s05=00000000 d02=0000000000000000
s06=00000000 s07=00000000 d03=0000000000000000
s08=00000000 s09=00000000 d04=0000000000000000
s10=00000000 s11=00000000 d05=0000000000000000
s12=00000000 s13=00000000 d06=0000000000000000
s14=00000000 s15=00000000 d07=0000000000000000
s16=00000000 s17=00000000 d08=0000000000000000
s18=00000000 s19=00000000 d09=0000000000000000
s20=00000000 s21=00000000 d10=0000000000000000
s22=00000000 s23=00000000 d11=0000000000000000
s24=00000000 s25=00000000 d12=0000000000000000
s26=00000000 s27=00000000 d13=0000000000000000
s28=00000000 s29=00000000 d14=0000000000000000
s30=00000000 s31=00000000 d15=0000000000000000
FPSCR: 00000000
/home/roots/openHarmony/vendor/ohemu/qemu_mini_system_demo/qemu_run.sh: line 95: 50440 Aborted                 (core dumped) qemu-system-arm -M mps2-an386 -m 16M -kernel $elf_file $qemu_option -append "root=dev/vda or console=ttyS0" -nographic
roots@ubuntu:~/openHarmony$ 

在Windows的QEMU下可以用这个命令
qemu-system-arm -M mps2-an386 -cpu cortex-m4 -kernel OHOS_Image -serial stdio -nodefaults -nographic
另外一个可供参考的命令:

qemu-system-arm -machine versatileab -cpu cortex-a9 -nographic -monitor null -semihosting -append ‘some program arguments’ -kernel program.axf

D:\Program Files\qemu>qemu-system-arm -M mps2-an386 -cpu cortex-m4 -kernel OHOS_Image -serial stdio -nodefaults -nographic
qemu-system-arm: warning: nic lan9118.0 has no peer
entering kernel init...
LfsLowLevelInit: DiskPartition succeed
LfsLowLevelInit: PartitionFormat succeed
LfsLowLevelInit: mount fs on '/littlefs' succeed
LfsLowLevelInit: mkdir '/littlefs' succeed
tcpip_init start
*************Exception Information**************
Type      = 11
ThrdPid   = 25
Phase     = exc in task
FaultAddr = 0xabababab
Current task info:
Task name = (null)
Task ID   = 25
Task SP   = (nil)
Task ST   = 0x0
Task SS   = 0x0
Exception reg dump:
PC        = 0x2100e62a
LR        = 0x2101b045
SP        = 0x210b18e0
R0        = 0x210a725c
R1        = 0x200
R2        = 0x210a725c
R3        = 0x2108a9b3
R4        = 0x0
R5        = 0x0
R6        = 0x0
R7        = 0x210b18e8
R8        = 0x0
R9        = 0x0
R10       = 0x0
R11       = 0x0
R12       = 0xc8000000
PriMask   = 0x0
xPSR      = 0x610f0000
----- backtrace start -----
backtrace 0 -- lr = 0x21015178
backtrace 1 -- lr = 0x2101b044
backtrace 2 -- lr = 0x210235da
backtrace 3 -- lr = 0x210235e2
backtrace 4 -- lr = 0x2102379a
----- backtrace end -----
qemu: fatal: Lockup: can't escalate 3 to HardFault (current priority -1)R00=210b2ad0 R01=2109fa3f R02=210a18f8 R03=6c0da998
R04=00000000 R05=00000060 R06=00000018 R07=210b1708
R08=00000019 R09=000003e8 R10=218ba1e8 R11=00000000
R12=00000000 R13=210b1708 R14=210011db R15=21000fcc
XPSR=21030006 --C- T handler
s00=00000000 s01=00000000 d00=0000000000000000
s02=00000000 s03=00000000 d01=0000000000000000
s04=00000000 s05=00000000 d02=0000000000000000
s06=00000000 s07=00000000 d03=0000000000000000
s08=00000000 s09=00000000 d04=0000000000000000
s10=00000000 s11=00000000 d05=0000000000000000
s12=00000000 s13=00000000 d06=0000000000000000
s14=00000000 s15=00000000 d07=0000000000000000
s16=00000000 s17=00000000 d08=0000000000000000
s18=00000000 s19=00000000 d09=0000000000000000
s20=00000000 s21=00000000 d10=0000000000000000
s22=00000000 s23=00000000 d11=0000000000000000
s24=00000000 s25=00000000 d12=0000000000000000
s26=00000000 s27=00000000 d13=0000000000000000
s28=00000000 s29=00000000 d14=0000000000000000
s30=00000000 s31=00000000 d15=0000000000000000
FPSCR: 00000000D:\Program Files\qemu>