1. 使用JSON格式传输参数

可以使用库如Jackson或Gson来处理JSON。

客户端发送JSON消息：

var socket = new WebSocket("ws://localhost:8080/ws");
socket.onopen = function() {var message = {"action": "greet","name": "Alice"};socket.send(JSON.stringify(message));
};

服务器端解析JSON消息：

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper; // Jackson库// ... 在WebSocket的handler中@Override
public void handleTextMessage(WebSocketSession session, TextMessage message) throws Exception {ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();JsonNode jsonNode = mapper.readTree(message.getPayload());String action = jsonNode.get("action").asText();String name = jsonNode.get("name").asText();// 根据解析的参数执行相应操作if ("greet".equals(action)) {String response = "Hello, " + name + "!";session.sendMessage(new TextMessage(response));}
}

2. 使用查询参数式格式传输

客户端发送查询参数式消息：

var socket = new WebSocket("ws://localhost:8080/ws");
socket.onopen = function() {socket.send("action=greet&name=Alice");
};

服务器端解析查询参数式消息：

// ... 在WebSocket的handler中@Override
public void handleTextMessage(WebSocketSession session, TextMessage message) throws Exception {String[] params = message.getPayload().split("&");Map<String, String> paramMap = new HashMap<>();for (String param : params) {String[] keyValue = param.split("=");paramMap.put(keyValue[0], keyValue[1]);}String action = paramMap.get("action");String name = paramMap.get("name");// 处理逻辑...
}

3. 使用XML格式传输参数

虽然XML相对于JSON更为冗长，但在某些情况下，它可能更为适合，特别是当消息结构复杂或需要与遗留系统集成时。

客户端发送XML消息：

var socket = new WebSocket("ws://localhost:8080/ws");
socket.onopen = function() {var xmlString = '<message><action>greet</action><name>Alice</name></message>';socket.send(xmlString);
};

服务器端解析XML消息：

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder; // Java内置的XML解析器
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;// ... 在WebSocket的handler中@Override
public void handleTextMessage(WebSocketSession session, TextMessage message) throws Exception {DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();Document doc = builder.parse(new InputSource(new StringReader(message.getPayload())));String action = doc.getElementsByTagName("action").item(0).getTextContent();String name = doc.getElementsByTagName("name").item(0).getTextContent();// 处理逻辑...
}