1.C++版本

        c++实现大都依赖CvxText和FreeType库，本文介绍一种除opencv外不依赖第三方库的方法。

（1）文件putText.h

#ifndef PUTTEXT_H_
#define PUTTEXT_H_

#include <windows.h>
#include <string>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>

using namespace cv;

void GetStringSize(HDC hDC, const char* str, int* w, int* h);
void putTextZH(Mat &dst, const char* str, Point org, Scalar color, int fontSize,
    const char *fn = "Arial", bool italic = false, bool underline = false);

#endif // PUTTEXT_H_

（2）putText.cpp

#include "putText.h"

void GetStringSize(HDC hDC, const char* str, int* w, int* h)
{
    SIZE size;
    GetTextExtentPoint32A(hDC, str, strlen(str), &size);
    if (w != 0) *w = size.cx;
    if (h != 0) *h = size.cy;
}

void putTextZH(Mat &dst, const char* str, Point org, Scalar color, int fontSize, const char* fn, bool italic, bool underline)
{
    CV_Assert(dst.data != 0 && (dst.channels() == 1 || dst.channels() == 3));

    int x, y, r, b;
    if (org.x > dst.cols || org.y > dst.rows) return;
    x = org.x < 0 ? -org.x : 0;
    y = org.y < 0 ? -org.y : 0;

    LOGFONTA lf;
    lf.lfHeight = -fontSize;
    lf.lfWidth = 0;
    lf.lfEscapement = 0;
    lf.lfOrientation = 0;
    lf.lfWeight = 5;
    lf.lfItalic = italic;   //斜体
    lf.lfUnderline = underline; //下划线
    lf.lfStrikeOut = 0;
    lf.lfCharSet = DEFAULT_CHARSET;
    lf.lfOutPrecision = 0;
    lf.lfClipPrecision = 0;
    lf.lfQuality = PROOF_QUALITY;
    lf.lfPitchAndFamily = 0;
    strcpy_s(lf.lfFaceName, fn);

    HFONT hf = CreateFontIndirectA(&lf);
    HDC hDC = CreateCompatibleDC(0);
    HFONT hOldFont = (HFONT)SelectObject(hDC, hf);

    int strBaseW = 0, strBaseH = 0;
    int singleRow = 0;
    char buf[1 << 12];
    strcpy_s(buf, str);
    char *bufT[1 << 12];  // 这个用于分隔字符串后剩余的字符，可能会超出。
    //处理多行
    {
        int nnh = 0;
        int cw, ch;

        const char* ln = strtok_s(buf, "\n",bufT);
        while (ln != 0)
        {
            GetStringSize(hDC, ln, &cw, &ch);
            strBaseW = max(strBaseW, cw);
            strBaseH = max(strBaseH, ch);

            ln = strtok_s(0, "\n",bufT);
            nnh++;
        }
        singleRow = strBaseH;
        strBaseH *= nnh;
    }

    if (org.x + strBaseW < 0 || org.y + strBaseH < 0)
    {
        SelectObject(hDC, hOldFont);
        DeleteObject(hf);
        DeleteObject(hDC);
        return;
    }

    r = org.x + strBaseW > dst.cols ? dst.cols - org.x - 1 : strBaseW - 1;
    b = org.y + strBaseH > dst.rows ? dst.rows - org.y - 1 : strBaseH - 1;
    org.x = org.x < 0 ? 0 : org.x;
    org.y = org.y < 0 ? 0 : org.y;

    BITMAPINFO bmp = { 0 };
    BITMAPINFOHEADER& bih = bmp.bmiHeader;
    int strDrawLineStep = strBaseW * 3 % 4 == 0 ? strBaseW * 3 : (strBaseW * 3 + 4 - ((strBaseW * 3) % 4));

    bih.biSize = sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);
    bih.biWidth = strBaseW;
    bih.biHeight = strBaseH;
    bih.biPlanes = 1;
    bih.biBitCount = 24;
    bih.biCompression = BI_RGB;
    bih.biSizeImage = strBaseH * strDrawLineStep;
    bih.biClrUsed = 0;
    bih.biClrImportant = 0;

    void* pDibData = 0;
    HBITMAP hBmp = CreateDIBSection(hDC, &bmp, DIB_RGB_COLORS, &pDibData, 0, 0);

    CV_Assert(pDibData != 0);
    HBITMAP hOldBmp = (HBITMAP)SelectObject(hDC, hBmp);

    //color.val[2], color.val[1], color.val[0]
    SetTextColor(hDC, RGB(255, 255, 255));
    SetBkColor(hDC, 0);
    //SetStretchBltMode(hDC, COLORONCOLOR);

    strcpy_s(buf, str);
    const char* ln = strtok_s(buf, "\n",bufT);
    int outTextY = 0;
    while (ln != 0)
    {
        TextOutA(hDC, 0, outTextY, ln, strlen(ln));
        outTextY += singleRow;
        ln = strtok_s(0, "\n",bufT);
    }
    uchar* dstData = (uchar*)dst.data;
    int dstStep = dst.step / sizeof(dstData[0]);
    unsigned char* pImg = (unsigned char*)dst.data + org.x * dst.channels() + org.y * dstStep;
    unsigned char* pStr = (unsigned char*)pDibData + x * 3;
    for (int tty = y; tty <= b; ++tty)
    {
        unsigned char* subImg = pImg + (tty - y) * dstStep;
        unsigned char* subStr = pStr + (strBaseH - tty - 1) * strDrawLineStep;
        for (int ttx = x; ttx <= r; ++ttx)
        {
            for (int n = 0; n < dst.channels(); ++n){
                double vtxt = subStr[n] / 255.0;
                int cvv = vtxt * color.val[n] + (1 - vtxt) * subImg[n];
                subImg[n] = cvv > 255 ? 255 : (cvv < 0 ? 0 : cvv);
            }

            subStr += 3;
            subImg += dst.channels();
        }
    }

    SelectObject(hDC, hOldBmp);
    SelectObject(hDC, hOldFont);
    DeleteObject(hf);
    DeleteObject(hBmp);
    DeleteDC(hDC);
}

参考：OpenCV 显示中文汉字，未使用CvxText和FreeType库-CSDN博客

2.python版本

   python版依赖PIL库，主要用以下两个函数来实现：

（1）transchannle

def transchannle(textColor):
    a, b, c = textColor[0], textColor[1], textColor[2]
    color = (c, b, a)
    return color

（2）cv2AddChineseText
def cv2AddChineseText(img, text, position, textColor, textSize=30):
    if (isinstance(img, np.ndarray)):
        img = Image.fromarray(cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB))
    draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img)
    fontStyle = ImageFont.truetype('simsun.ttc', textSize, encoding='utf-8')
    textColor = transchannle(textColor)
    #draw.text(position, text, textColor,  stroke_width=1,font=fontStyle)
    draw.text(position, text, textColor,  font=fontStyle)
    return cv2.cvtColor(np.asarray(img), cv2.COLOR_RGB2BGR)

其他主要代码：

import os
import numpy as np
import cv2
from PIL import Image
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont

images1_name = ["大大"]
images2_name = ["小井"]
images3_name = ["厂内"]

color_list = [(255, 255, 0), (255, 0, 255), (0, 255, 0)]

img = cv2_imread(img_path)
h, w, c = img.shape

index = 0

img = cv2AddChineseText(img, images1_name[index], (xmin, ymin - 50), color_list[index], 40)