【Python】学生管理系统

为了了解Json以及在python中如何处理Json数据，我在这里整理了一段全面详细的 Python 代码，演示了如何加载、处理和操作 JSON 数据。该代码包括读取 JSON 数据、查询学生信息、添加新学生、更新课程信息等操作。

示例代码

import json# 示例 JSON 数据
data = '''
{"students": [{"id": 1,"name": "Alice Johnson","age": 20,"email": "alice.johnson@example.com","major": "Computer Science","courses": [101, 102]},{"id": 2,"name": "Bob Smith","age": 21,"email": "bob.smith@example.com","major": "Mathematics","courses": [101, 103]},{"id": 3,"name": "Charlie Brown","age": 22,"email": "charlie.brown@example.com","major": "Physics","courses": [102, 104]}],"courses": [{"course_id": 101,"course_name": "Introduction to Programming","instructor": "Dr. Emily White","credits": 3},{"course_id": 102,"course_name": "Data Structures","instructor": "Dr. John Doe","credits": 3},{"course_id": 103,"course_name": "Calculus I","instructor": "Dr. Jane Smith","credits": 4},{"course_id": 104,"course_name": "General Physics","instructor": "Dr. Alan Turing","credits": 4}],"registrations": [{"student_id": 1,"course_id": 101,"semester": "Fall 2023","grade": "A"},{"student_id": 1,"course_id": 102,"semester": "Fall 2023","grade": "B"},{"student_id": 2,"course_id": 101,"semester": "Fall 2023","grade": "B+"},{"student_id": 2,"course_id": 103,"semester": "Fall 2023","grade": "A-"},{"student_id": 3,"course_id": 102,"semester": "Fall 2023","grade": "A"},{"student_id": 3,"course_id": 104,"semester": "Fall 2023","grade": "B+"}]
}
'''# 解析 JSON 数据
data_dict = json.loads(data)print(data_dict)# 打印整个 JSON 数据
print("JSON 数据:")
print(json.dumps(data_dict, indent=4))# 获取所有学生的信息
def get_all_students():return data_dict['students']# 获取特定学生的信息
def get_student_by_id(student_id):for student in data_dict['students']:if student['id'] == student_id:return studentreturn None# 添加新学生
def add_student(student):data_dict['students'].append(student)# 更新学生信息
def update_student(student_id, updated_info):for student in data_dict['students']:if student['id'] == student_id:student.update(updated_info)return Truereturn False# 删除学生
def delete_student(student_id):for student in data_dict['students']:if student['id'] == student_id:data_dict['students'].remove(student)return Truereturn False# 获取所有课程的信息
def get_all_courses():return data_dict['courses']# 获取特定课程的信息
def get_course_by_id(course_id):for course in data_dict['courses']:if course['course_id'] == course_id:return coursereturn None# 打印所有学生的信息
print("\n所有学生的信息:")
for student in get_all_students():print(student)# 打印特定学生的信息
student_id = 1
print(f"\n学生 ID 为 {student_id} 的信息:")
print(get_student_by_id(student_id))# 添加新学生
new_student = {"id": 4,"name": "David Wilson","age": 23,"email": "david.wilson@example.com","major": "Chemistry","courses": [103, 104]
}
add_student(new_student)
print("\n添加新学生后所有学生的信息:")
for student in get_all_students():print(student)# 更新学生信息
updated_info = {"age": 24,"email": "david.wilson24@example.com"
}
update_student(4, updated_info)
print("\n更新学生信息后 ID 为 4 的学生信息:")
print(get_student_by_id(4))# 删除学生
delete_student(4)
print("\n删除学生后所有学生的信息:")
for student in get_all_students():print(student)# 打印所有课程的信息
print("\n所有课程的信息:")
for course in get_all_courses():print(course)# 打印特定课程的信息
course_id = 102
print(f"\n课程 ID 为 {course_id} 的课程信息:")
print(get_course_by_id(course_id))

代码说明

导入和解析 JSON 数据：
- 使用 json 模块导入 JSON 数据并解析为 Python 字典。
基本操作函数：
- get_all_students()：获取所有学生信息。
- get_student_by_id(student_id)：根据学生 ID 获取特定学生信息。
- add_student(student)：添加新学生。
- update_student(student_id, updated_info)：更新特定学生信息。
- delete_student(student_id)：删除特定学生。
- get_all_courses()：获取所有课程信息。
- get_course_by_id(course_id)：根据课程 ID 获取特定课程信息。
演示各项操作：
- 打印所有学生信息。
- 获取并打印特定学生信息。
- 添加新学生并打印更新后的学生列表。
- 更新特定学生信息并打印更新后的学生信息。
- 删除特定学生并打印更新后的学生列表。
- 打印所有课程信息。
- 获取并打印特定课程信息。