0 前言

    《Linux系统调用》整体介绍了系统调用，本文重点分析其中mmap的实现与使用方法。

1 定义

1.1 x86

（1）linux-2.6.31-

    采用老式定义方法：

asmlinkage long sys_mmap(unsigned long addr, unsigned long len,unsigned long prot, unsigned long flags,unsigned long fd, unsigned long off)
{long error;struct file *file;error = -EINVAL;if (off & ~PAGE_MASK)goto out;error = -EBADF;file = NULL;flags &= ~(MAP_EXECUTABLE | MAP_DENYWRITE);if (!(flags & MAP_ANONYMOUS)) {file = fget(fd);if (!file)goto out;}   down_write(&current->mm->mmap_sem);error = do_mmap_pgoff(file, addr, len, prot, flags, off >> PAGE_SHIFT);up_write(&current->mm->mmap_sem);if (file)fput(file);
out:return error;
}
// @file: linux-2.6.31/arch/x86/kernel/sys_x86_64.c

（2） linux-2.6.32

    改用SYSCALL_DEFINE6宏进行定义：

SYSCALL_DEFINE6(mmap, unsigned long, addr, unsigned long, len,unsigned long, prot, unsigned long, flags,unsigned long, fd, unsigned long, off)
{long error;struct file *file;error = -EINVAL;if (off & ~PAGE_MASK)goto out;error = -EBADF;file = NULL;flags &= ~(MAP_EXECUTABLE | MAP_DENYWRITE);if (!(flags & MAP_ANONYMOUS)) {file = fget(fd);if (!file)goto out;}down_write(&current->mm->mmap_sem);error = do_mmap_pgoff(file, addr, len, prot, flags, off >> PAGE_SHIFT);up_write(&current->mm->mmap_sem);if (file)fput(file);
out:return error;
}
// @file: linux-2.6.32/arch/x86/kernel/sys_x86_64.c

（3）linux-2.6.33 ~ 4.16

    linux-2.6.33新增sys_mmap_pgoff()并将主要移致其中：

SYSCALL_DEFINE6(mmap, unsigned long, addr, unsigned long, len,unsigned long, prot, unsigned long, flags,unsigned long, fd, unsigned long, off)
{long error;error = -EINVAL;if (off & ~PAGE_MASK)goto out;error = sys_mmap_pgoff(addr, len, prot, flags, fd, off >> PAGE_SHIFT);
out:return error;
}
// @file: linux-2.6.33/arch/x86/kernel/sys_x86_64.c

（4）linux-4.17+

    sys_mmap_pgoff更名为ksys_mmap_pgoff：

SYSCALL_DEFINE6(mmap, unsigned long, addr, unsigned long, len,unsigned long, prot, unsigned long, flags,unsigned long, fd, unsigned long, off)
{long error;error = -EINVAL;if (off & ~PAGE_MASK)goto out;error = ksys_mmap_pgoff(addr, len, prot, flags, fd, off >> PAGE_SHIFT);
out:return error;
}
// @file: linux-4.17/arch/x86/kernel/sys_x86_64.c

1.2 arm

    旧内核采用汇编定义，后面逐渐改用C定义：

（1）linux-2.6.12 ~ 2.6.32

/** Note: off_4k (r5) is always units of 4K.  If we can't do the requested* offset, we return EINVAL.*/
sys_mmap2:
#if PAGE_SHIFT > 12tst r5, #PGOFF_MASKmoveq   r5, r5, lsr #PAGE_SHIFT - 12streq   r5, [sp, #4]beq do_mmap2mov r0, #-EINVALRETINSTR(mov,pc, lr)
#elsestr r5, [sp, #4]b   do_mmap2
#endif
// @file: linux-2.6.12/arch/arm/kernel/entry-common.S

    可见具体实现为do_mmap2，它是一个C函数：

/* common code for old and new mmaps */
inline long do_mmap2(unsigned long addr, unsigned long len,unsigned long prot, unsigned long flags,unsigned long fd, unsigned long pgoff)
{int error = -EINVAL;struct file * file = NULL;flags &= ~(MAP_EXECUTABLE | MAP_DENYWRITE);if (flags & MAP_FIXED && addr < FIRST_USER_ADDRESS)goto out;error = -EBADF;if (!(flags & MAP_ANONYMOUS)) {file = fget(fd);if (!file)goto out;}down_write(&current->mm->mmap_sem);error = do_mmap_pgoff(file, addr, len, prot, flags, pgoff);up_write(&current->mm->mmap_sem);if (file)fput(file);
out:return error;
}
// @file: linux-2.6.12/arch/arm/kernel/sys_arm.c

（2）linux-2.6.33+

    将具体实现由do_mmap2改为sys_mmap_pgoff：

/** Note: off_4k (r5) is always units of 4K.  If we can't do the requested* offset, we return EINVAL.*/
sys_mmap2:
#if PAGE_SHIFT > 12tst r5, #PGOFF_MASKmoveq   r5, r5, lsr #PAGE_SHIFT - 12streq   r5, [sp, #4]beq sys_mmap_pgoffmov r0, #-EINVALmov pc, lr
#elsestr r5, [sp, #4]b   sys_mmap_pgoff
#endif
ENDPROC(sys_mmap2)
// @file: linux-2.6.33/arch/arm/kernel/entry-common.S

1.3 arm64 

（1）linux-4.18

    采用老式定义方法：

asmlinkage long sys_mmap(unsigned long addr, unsigned long len,unsigned long prot, unsigned long flags,unsigned long fd, off_t off)
{if (offset_in_page(off) != 0)return -EINVAL;return ksys_mmap_pgoff(addr, len, prot, flags, fd, off >> PAGE_SHIFT);
}
// @file: linux-4.18/arch/arm64/kernel/sys.c

（2）linux-4.19+

    改用SYSCALL_DEFINE6宏定义：